Health Informatics A Socio-Technical Perspective

by Whetton, Sue

• ISBN13: 9780195550788
• ISBN10: 0195550781
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2005-08-18
• Publisher: Oxford University Press

Summary

Health Informatics focuses on the interplay between the health care environment and the systems used to manage information. Numerous and varied case studies, 'issues' and 'critical thinking' boxes assist students to identify and critique different health information systems.

Table of Contents

Boxes	xii
Figures	xiv
Tables	xv
Contributors	xvii
Preface	xxi
Acknowledgments	xxiv
Acronyms	xxv
PART 1 FOUNDATIONS OF HEALTH INFORMATICS	1	(76)
The Health Care Environment and Health Informatics	3	(24)
Sue Whetton
Overview	3	(1)
Objectives	3	(1)
Concepts	3	(1)
Introduction	4	(2)
Great expectations	4	(2)
Contemporary health systems	6	(10)
Scientific view of the world	8	(1)
The scientific worldview in practice	9	(2)
Contemporary health systems: shared characteristics	11	(5)
Challenges for contemporary health care systems	16	(2)
Meeting demand	16	(1)
Managing health information	17	(1)
Enter health informatics	18	(1)
Great expectations	18	(6)
Discrete projects	19	(1)
Strategic directions	19	(2)
Reinventing health care	21	(3)
Tempering expectations	24	(1)
Summary	24	(1)
WWW Links	25	(1)
Evaluating web resources	25	(1)
Health systems	25	(1)
Changing roles and relationships	25	(1)
Trends in health information management	26	(1)
Critical thinking	26	(1)
What is Health Informatics?	27	(21)
Sue Whetton
Overview	27	(1)
Objectives	27	(1)
Concepts	27	(1)
Introduction	28	(1)
Informatics	28	(1)
Health informatics: a special case?	29	(4)
The nature of biomedical information	29	(3)
The health care environment	32	(1)
The discipline emerges	33	(1)
Health informatics is an evolving discipline	33	(7)
Technocentric to socio-technical	33	(1)
Medical to health informatics	34	(3)
Health informatics is a scientific discipline	37	(2)
Health informatics is information management	39	(1)
And health informatics professionals...	40	(3)
A balancing act	43	(2)
Summary	45	(1)
WWW links	46	(1)
Professional associations and issues	46	(1)
Critical thinking	47	(1)
Building the Knowledge Base	48	(29)
Sue Whetton
Jackie Hartnett
Overview	48	(1)
Objectives	48	(1)
Concepts and theories	48	(1)
Introduction	49	(1)
The building blocks	49	(1)
Revisiting the knowledge-building process	49	(1)
Concepts	50	(13)
Models	51	(1)
Data, information, knowledge	52	(2)
Knowledge management	54	(1)
Information technology	55	(1)
Security	55	(4)
Usability	59	(1)
Sociological concepts	60	(3)
Theories	63	(6)
Systems theory	63	(3)
Systems theory and health informatics	66	(1)
Learning theories	67	(2)
Organisations and change	69	(2)
Diffusion of innovation	69	(1)
Planned change	70	(1)
A little social science	71	(3)
Positivist perspectives	71	(1)
Interpretive perspectives	71	(2)
Critical perspectives	73	(1)
Summary	74	(1)
WWW links	75	(1)
Privacy	75	(1)
Critical thinking	75	(2)
PART 2 HEALTH INFORMATICS TOOLS, TECHNIQUES, AND APPLICATIONS	77	(142)
Tools: Promises and Pitfalls	78	(22)
Sue Whetton
Chris Showell
Overview	78	(1)
Objectives	78	(1)
Concepts	78	(1)
Introduction	79	(1)
Using the tools	79	(4)
Blue skies or stormy weather	79	(4)
Knowing the tools	83	(5)
Stand alone computers	83	(4)
Software for stand alone computers	87	(1)
Computer platforms	88	(3)
Networked computers	88	(3)
Managing the tools	91	(7)
Matching technology to user requirements	91	(1)
Planning	91	(3)
Compatibility	94	(2)
Security	96	(1)
Workflows and work routines	96	(2)
Summary	98	(1)
WWW links	99	(1)
Hardware, software, and networks	99	(1)
Critical thinking	99	(1)
Doing Databases	100	(16)
Sue Whetton
Lauren Hoban
Jackie Hartnett
Overview	100	(1)
Objectives	100	(1)
Introduction	101	(1)
Using databases	101	(4)
What are we talking about?	101	(4)
Enabling databases	105	(4)
Legacy databases	105	(1)
Planning	105	(4)
Making sure	109	(5)
Usability	109	(1)
Security issues for databases	110	(4)
Summary	114	(1)
WWW links	115	(1)
Critical thinking	115	(1)
Health Information Systems	116	(26)
Sue Whetton
Carol Pollard
Overview	116	(1)
Objectives	116	(1)
Concepts	116	(1)
Introduction	117	(1)
Using health information systems	117	(4)
What are we talking about?	118	(3)
Enabling health information systems	121	(15)
Strategic planning for information systems	122	(1)
The health care environment	122	(3)
Planning	125	(4)
Planning tools: modelling	129	(3)
Critical success factors (CSFs)	132	(4)
Controlling IT	136	(3)
Standards	136	(3)
Summary	139	(2)
WWW links	141	(1)
Information strategy	141	(1)
Data standards	141	(1)
Security standards	141	(1)
Limpopo Province case study	141	(1)
Critical thinking	141	(1)
E-health	142	(25)
Sue Whetton
Overview	142	(1)
Objectives	142	(1)
Concepts and terms	142	(1)
Introduction	143	(1)
Using e-health	143	(10)
The ideal e-health system	143	(1)
What are we talking about?	144	(2)
E-health or telehealth?	146	(1)
Drivers of e-health	147	(2)
Applications of e-health	149	(4)
Enabling e-health services	153	(8)
Planning	153	(6)
Technical matters	159	(2)
Managing e-health	161	(3)
Security	162	(1)
The informed consumer	163	(1)
Summary	164	(1)
WWW links	165	(1)
E-health telehealth	165	(1)
Legal aspects	165	(1)
Standards	165	(1)
Critical thinking	166	(1)
Electronic Health Records	167	(26)
John Gillies
Sue Whetton
Overview	167	(1)
Objectives	167	(1)
Concepts	167	(1)
Introduction	168	(1)
Using electronic records	168	(8)
The `holy grail'?	168	(2)
Why do we need one?	170	(1)
What are we talking about?	171	(5)
Identifying parameters	176	(11)
Planning	176	(1)
What is the record expected to do?	177	(1)
What goes into the record?	177	(2)
Ownership, control, and access	179	(3)
How will it work?	182	(2)
Standards	184	(3)
Stakeholder perspectives	187	(3)
Patients/consumers	188	(1)
Health professionals	188	(1)
Health administrators and managers	189	(1)
National and state governments/health service providers	190	(1)
Summary	190	(1)
WWW links	191	(1)
National approaches	191	(1)
Architecture	191	(1)
Issues	191	(1)
Critical thinking	192	(1)
Decision Support Systems	193	(26)
Carol Pollard
Sue Whetton
Overview	193	(1)
Objectives	193	(1)
Concepts	194	(1)
Introduction	194	(1)
About decision support systems	194	(11)
Artificial intelligence and decision support	194	(1)
Information systems and decision support	195	(2)
Administrative decision support	197	(1)
Clinical decision support	198	(7)
Understanding clinical decision support systems	205	(8)
Understanding clinical decision-making	205	(1)
Understanding knowledge and knowledge representation	206	(1)
Understanding artificial intelligence	207	(6)
Issues	213	(2)
Technology issues	213	(1)
The nature of clinical knowledge	213	(1)
Professional roles	214	(1)
What decisions are CDSSs supporting?	214	(1)
Summary	215	(1)
WWW links	216	(1)
Expert systems	216	(1)
Intelligent systems	216	(1)
Knowledge management systems	216	(1)
Executive information systems	216	(1)
Enterprise resource planning	217	(1)
Safety	217	(1)
Critical thinking	217	(2)
PART 3 HEALTH INFORMATICS IN ACTION	219	(23)
Health Informatics in Action: Rural and Remote Health	220	(22)
Judi Walker
Sue Whetton
Overview	220	(1)
Objectives	220	(1)
Concepts	220	(1)
Introduction	221	(1)
The context	221	(6)
Defining rural	221	(1)
Rural health status	222	(2)
Rural health systems	224	(1)
Issues for rural health systems	225	(2)
Introducing health informatics	227	(6)
The region	227	(1)
The health service	228	(1)
The projects	229	(4)
Analysis	233	(7)
Critical success factors (CSFs) in action	234	(6)
Strategic health informatics	240	(1)
Summary	240	(1)
WWW Links	241	(1)
Critical thinking	241	(1)
Glossary	242	(6)
Bibliography	248	(9)
Index	257