Health Organizations

by Johnson, James A.

• ISBN13: 9780763750534
• ISBN10: 0763750530
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2008-02-01
• Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Learning

Summary

While there are many textbooks available for courses in organizational behavior, there are very few that address organization theory and even fewer that discuss organization development in any significant way. In three sections, this text thoroughly examines organization theory, organization behavior, and organization development. Each section contains key chapters that address foundations, research, and new directions in these domains.

Table of Contents

Foreword	p. xiii
Preface	p. xv
Contributors	p. xvii
About the Editor	p. xxi
Organization Theory And Foundations
Introduction	p. 3
Studying Organizations	p. 4
Beyond the Classroom	p. 8
References	p. 8
Anatomy and Physiology of Theory	p. 9
Introduction	p. 9
What Is Theory?	p. 10
Anatomy of Theory	p. 13
Physiology of Theory	p. 18
Chapter Summary	p. 24
Review/Discussion Questions	p. 24
Learning Activities	p. 25
References	p. 26
Classical Theories of Organization	p. 29
Introduction	p. 29
Scientific Management	p. 30
Administrative Principles	p. 33
Bureaucratic Principles	p. 36
Human Relations	p. 39
Administrative Behavior	p. 41
Chapter Summary	p. 43
Review/Discussion Questions	p. 44
Learning Activities	p. 44
References	p. 44
Modern Theories of Organization	p. 47
Introduction	p. 47
General Systems Theory	p. 48
Contingency Theory	p. 50
Transaction Cost Economics	p. 51
Resource Dependence Theory	p. 53
Institutional Theory	p. 55
Population Ecology	p. 57
Chapter Summary	p. 59
Review/Discussion Questions	p. 60
Learning Activities	p. 60
References	p. 60
Complexity and Postmodern Theory	p. 63
Introduction	p. 63
Shared Notions and Common Focus	p. 66
Characteristics of Complex Adaptive Systems	p. 69
Managing Healthcare Organizations as Postmodernist Complex Adaptive Systems	p. 71
Decision Making and Sensemaking	p. 72
What Does This All Mean?	p. 77
Chapter Summary	p. 78
Review/Discussion Questions	p. 78
Learning Activities	p. 79
References	p. 82
Organization Behavior and Dynamics
Individual Behavior and Motivation	p. 87
Introduction	p. 87
Theories of Motivation	p. 88
Motivation in the Work Environment	p. 97
Changes in Motivation	p. 100
Motivation and Learning	p. 101
Impact of Age and Cultural Factors on Motivation and Learning	p. 102
Motivation and Sports	p. 103
Chapter Summary	p. 104
Review/Discussion Questions	p. 104
Learning Activities	p. 105
Case Study	p. 105
References	p. 106
Group Dynamics	p. 109
Introduction	p. 109
Groups and Teams	p. 110
Groups and Teams in Healthcare Organizations	p. 111
Roles, Diversity, and Trust	p. 112
Group Processes	p. 114
Group Formation	p. 115
Group Phenomena	p. 116
Application of Crew Resource Management (CRM) to Healthcare	p. 118
Performance and Group Effectiveness	p. 119
Chapter Summary	p. 128
Review/Discussion Questions	p. 129
Learning Activities	p. 130
Case Study	p. 133
References	p. 133
Power and Politics	p. 137
Introduction	p. 137
Sources of Power	p. 138
Politics in Health Organizations	p. 143
Chapter Summary	p. 145
Review/Discussion Questions	p. 147
Learning Activities	p. 147
References	p. 147
Conflict and Interpersonal Relations	p. 149
Introduction	p. 150
Conflict Management	p. 151
Interpersonal Relationships	p. 158
Chapter Summary	p. 163
Review/Discussion Questions	p. 163
References	p. 164
Leadership Theory and Influence	p. 167
Introduction	p. 167
Defining Leadership	p. 169
A Chronological Review of Leadership Theory	p. 171
Leadership Phase Evolution	p. 174
Chapter Summary	p. 185
Review/Discussion Questions	p. 190
References	p. 190
Leadership and Transformation	p. 193
Introduction	p. 193
Prescription One: The Dynamic Culture Leadership Model	p. 194
Prescription Two: The Omnibus Leadership Model	p. 201
Conclusion	p. 208
Chapter Summary	p. 209
Review/Discussion Questions	p. 209
References	p. 210
Decision Making and Communication	p. 213
Introduction	p. 214
Decision Making	p. 214
Tools of Decision Making	p. 221
Communication	p. 223
Chapter Summary	p. 229
Review/Discussion Questions	p. 230
Case Study	p. 230
References	p. 231
Culture Values and Ethics	p. 233
Introduction	p. 233
What Is Corporate Culture?	p. 234
The Healthcare Setting	p. 234
How Are Culture and Climate Different?	p. 235
What is the Theory Behind Culture and Climate?	p. 236
Values and Beliefs That Support Organizational Goals	p. 238
The Ethics and the Social Responsibility of Management	p. 245
Chapter Summary	p. 250
Review/Discussion Questions	p. 250
Learning Activities	p. 251
References	p. 252
Stakeholder Dynamics	p. 255
Introduction	p. 255
Stakeholders (Actors) in Healthcare	p. 256
Utility of Parity of Healthcare in Stakeholder Dynamics	p. 260
The Sarfit Model	p. 267
Parity in Policy and Strategy	p. 268
Chapter Summary	p. 269
Review/Discussion Questions	p. 269
Learning Activities	p. 269
Case Study: The Dilemma of the Uninsured in the United States	p. 269
Case Study: Overburdened Emergency Departments Threatened by the Problem of Uninsured	p. 271
Case Study: Business Feels the Consequences of the Uninsured Problem	p. 273
References	p. 275
Organizational Dysfunction and Pathology	p. 279
Introduction	p. 279
Healthcare Organizational Groups	p. 281
Complexity and Work Intensity	p. 282
Ambiguous and Conflicting Cultures	p. 283
Healthcare Management and Organizational Dysfunction	p. 285
Conclusion	p. 286
Chapter Summary	p. 287
Review/Discussion Questions	p. 287
References	p. 288
Organization Development and Change
Transformational Change and Development	p. 291
Introduction	p. 291
Organizational Development: Framework for Change	p. 293
Creating the Capacity to Change	p. 298
Chapter Summary	p. 308
Review Questions	p. 309
References	p. 309
Team Building and Development	p. 311
Introduction	p. 312
Types of Teams	p. 312
The Team Advantage	p. 313
Benefits of Teams	p. 314
Team Composition	p. 315
Team Evolution	p. 316
Stages of Team Development	p. 318
Building Team Functionality	p. 318
Ongoing Training = Sustainable Knowledge	p. 321
Problem Solving	p. 321
Continuous Reinforcement: The Value of the Team's Work	p. 322
Getting Down to Business	p. 322
Defining Success	p. 324
Beyond Metrics	p. 324
Selling the Solution: Management Buy-In	p. 325
Back on the Everyday Job	p. 326
Trends	p. 326
Chapter Summary	p. 329
Review/Discussion Questions	p. 329
Learning Activity	p. 329
References	p. 330
Physician Leadership and Development	p. 331
Clinical Performance: The Key to Healthcare Reform	p. 331
Why Physician Leadership Is Needed	p. 333
Understanding Physician Behavior	p. 333
From Clinician to Leader-Essential Changes in Mindset	p. 336
Leadership Development Models	p. 337
Chapter Summary	p. 344
Review/Discussion Questions	p. 344
References	p. 345
Governance and Board Development	p. 349
Introduction	p. 349
Board Organization	p. 350
Board Officers	p. 351
Board Committees	p. 351
Board Meeting Format	p. 353
The Relationship Between Senior Management and the Board	p. 355
Fiduciary Duties	p. 355
Financial Oversight	p. 356
Operating Oversight	p. 356
Strategic Oversight	p. 358
Oversight of Patient Care and Resource Utilization	p. 360
Changing Board Models	p. 361
Effective Governance: Cultures and Activities	p. 362
Board Assessment	p. 362
Board Member Education	p. 364
Current Issues and Controversies	p. 366
Chapter Summary	p. 366
Review/Discussion Questions	p. 367
Learning Activity	p. 367
References	p. 369
Organization Development for Terrorism and Natural Disasters	p. 371
Introduction	p. 372
Significance to Healthcare Leaders	p. 372
The Threat	p. 374
Business Involvement: What Should Be Done	p. 383
A Preparedness Plan	p. 385
Chapter Summary	p. 392
References	p. 392
Organization Development and the Future	p. 395
Introduction	p. 395
Development Practice and Philosophy	p. 396
Development in a Changing World	p. 397
Chapter Summary	p. 398
Review/Discussion Questions	p. 399
Learning Activities	p. 399
References	p. 399
Index	p. 401
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