The Hidden Cost of Being African American How Wealth Perpetuates Inequality

by Shapiro, Thomas M.

• ISBN13: 9780195181388
• ISBN10: 0195181387
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2005-01-27
• Publisher: Oxford University Press

Summary

Over the past three decades, racial prejudice in America has declined significantly and many African American families have seen a steady rise in employment and annual income. But alongside these encouraging signs, Thomas Shapiro argues in The Hidden Cost of Being African American, fundamentallevels of racial inequality persist, particularly in the area of asset accumulation--inheritance, savings accounts, stocks, bonds, home equity, and other investments. Shapiro reveals how the lack of these family assets along with continuing racial discrimination in crucial areas like homeownershipdramatically impact the everyday lives of many black families, reversing gains earned in schools and on jobs, and perpetuating the cycle of poverty in which far too many find themselves trapped. Shapiro uses a combination of in-depth interviews with almost 200 families from Los Angeles, Boston, and St. Louis, and national survey data with 10,000 families to show how racial inequality is transmitted across generations. We see how those families with private wealth are able to move up fromgeneration to generation, relocating to safer communities with better schools and passing along the accompanying advantages to their children. At the same time those without significant wealth remain trapped in communities that don't allow them to move up, no matter how hard they work. Shapirochallenges white middle class families to consider how the privileges that wealth brings not only improve their own chances but also hold back people who don't have them. This "wealthfare" is a legacy of inequality that, if unchanged, will project social injustice far into the future. Showing that over half of black families fall below the asset poverty line at the beginning of the new century, The Hidden Cost of Being African American will challenge all Americans to reconsider what must be done to end racial inequality.

Author Biography

Thomas M. Shapiro is Pokross Chair of Law and Social Policy, Heller School of Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University. Black Wealth/White Wealth, which he wrote in collaboration with Melvin Oliver, received widespread acclaim and won several awards, including C. Wright Mills award, the American Sociological Association Distinguished Scholarly Award, and The Myers Center Award for Human Rights.

Table of Contents

Preface	ix
Acknowledgments	xiii
Introduction: At the Assets Crossroads	1	(20)
PART I ASSETS
1 The Color of the Safety Net	21	(21)
2 The Cost of Being Black and the Advantage of Being White	42	(18)
3 Inheritance-"That Parent Thing"	60	(27)
PART II MAKING RACIAL INEQUALITY
4 Middle Class in Black and White: How Level Is the Playing Field?	87	(18)
5 The Homeownership Crossroad	105	(24)
PART III LEVERAGING ASSETS
6 Where People "Choose" to Live	129	(26)
7 "Getting a Decent Middle-Class American Education": Pursuing Advantage in Schools	155	(28)
Conclusion: Assets for Equality	183	(22)
Appendix I Tables	205	(3)
Appendix II Methodology	208	(3)
Notes	211	(12)
Bibliography	223	(8)
Index	231