The Hilbert-Huang Transform In Engineering

by Huang; Norden E.

• ISBN13: 9780849334221
• ISBN10: 0849334225
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2005-06-23
• Publisher: CRC Press

Summary

Data used to develop and confirm models suffer from several shortcomings: the total data is too limited, the data are non-stationary, and the data represent nonlinear processes. The Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) is a relatively new method that has grown into a robust tool for data analysis and is ready for a wide variety of applications. This text presents the first thorough presentation of the formulation and application of the Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT) in engineering. After an introduction and overview of recent advances, thirty leading international experts explore the use of the HHT in areas such as oceanography, nonlinear soil amplification, and non-stationary random processes. One chapter offers a comparative analysis between HHT wavelet and Fourier transforms, and another looks at the HHT applied to molecular dynamic simulations. The final chapter provides perspectives on the theory and practice of HHT and reviews applications in disciplines ranging from biomedical, chemical, and financial engineering to meteorology and seismology. The Hilbert-Huang Transform in Engineering features a variety of modern topics, and the examples presented include wide-ranging, real-life engineering problems. While the development of the HHT is not yet complete, this book clearly demonstrates the power and utility of the method and will undoubtedly stimulate further interest, theoretical advances, and innovative applications.

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction to Hilbert-Huang Transform and Some Recent Developments	1	(24)
Norden E. Huang
1.1 Introduction	1	(8)
1.2 The Hilbert-Huang Transform	9	(7)
1.3 The Recent Developments	16	(6)
1.3.1 The Normalized Hilbert Transform	16	(3)
1.3.2 The Confidence Limit	19	(2)
1.3.3 The Statistical Significance of IMFs	21	(1)
1.4 Conclusion	22	(1)
References	22	(3)
Chapter 2 Carrier and Riding Wave Structure of Rogue Waves	25	(34)
Torsten Schlurmann and Marcus Dätig
2.1 Introduction	26	(1)
2.2 Rogue Wave Measurements	27	(16)
2.2.1 Preliminaries	27	(1)
2.2.2 Fourier-Based Spectral Analysis of Water Waves	28	(1)
2.2.3 Power Spectral Densities	28	(5)
2.2.4 Unwrapped Phase Spectra	33	(3)
2.2.5 Time-Dependent Spectral Analysis	36	(2)
2.2.6 Disintegrated Components	38	(3)
2.2.7 Estimated Power Spectral Densities of Disintegrated Modes	41	(2)
2.3 Relations Between Mean Period and Energy Density	43	(11)
2.3.1 Motivation	43	(1)
2.3.2 Characteristic Quantities	43	(2)
2.3.3 Averaged Periods of IMF	45	(2)
2.3.4 Interaction Between Energy Density and Averaged Periods	47	(1)
2.3.5 Accordance with Theoretical Treatments	48	(6)
2.4 Summary and Discussion	54	(1)
Acknowledgments	55	(1)
References	55	(4)
Chapter 3 Applications of Hilbert-Huang Transform to Ocean-Atmosphere Remote Sensing Research	59	(24)
Xiao-Hai Yan, Young-Heon Jo, Brian Dzwonkowski, and Lide Jiang
3.1 Introduction	60	(2)
3.2 Analyses of TOPEX/Poseidon Sea Level Anomaly Interannual Variation Using HHT and EOF	62	(2)
3.3 Application of HHT to Ocean Color Remote Sensing of the Delaware Bay	64	(7)
3.4 Mediterranean Outflow and Meddies (O & M)from Satellite Multisensor Remote Sensing	71	(7)
3.5 Conclusion	78	(1)
Acknowledgments	79	(1)
References	79	(4)
Chapter 4 A Comparison of the Energy Flux Computation of Shoaling Waves Using Hilbert and Wavelet Spectral Analysis Techniques	83	(14)
Paul A. Hwang, David W. Wang, and James M. Kaihatu
4.1 Introduction	84	(1)
4.2 The Huang-Hilbert Spectral Analysis	84	(1)
4.3 Shoaling Waves and Energy Flux Computation	85	(6)
4.3.1 Field Measurement	85	(3)
4.3.2 Numerical Simulations	88	(3)
4.4 Discussions	91	(3)
4.4.1 Resolution and Nonlinearity	91	(2)
4.4.2 Edge Effect	93	(1)
4.5 Summary	94	(1)
Acknowledgments	94	(1)
References	94	(3)
Chapter 5 An Application of HHT Method to Nearshore Sea Waves	97	(24)
Albena Dimitrova Veltcheva
5.1 Introduction	98	(1)
5.2 Field Data	99	(1)
5.3 Conventional Methods for Wave Data Analysis	100	(6)
5.4 Hilbert-Huang Transform Method	106	(2)
5.5 Application of the HHT Method	108	(9)
5.5.1 Offshore Waves During Different Sea Stages	112	(2)
5.5.2 Cross-Shore Transformation of Sea Waves	114	(3)
5.6 Conclusions	117	(1)
References	118	(3)
Chapter 6 Transient Signal Detection Using the Empirical Mode Decomposition	121	(20)
Michael L. Larsen, Jeffrey Ridgway, Cye H. Waldman, Michael Gabbay, Rodney R. Buntzen, and Brad Battista
6.1 Introduction	122	(3)
6.2 Empirical Mode Decomposition	125	(1)
6.3 EMD-Based Signal Processing	126	(9)
6.4 Experimental Validation Using Towed-Source Signals	135	(2)
6.5 Conclusion	137	(1)
Acknowledgment	138	(1)
References	138	(3)
Chapter 7 Coherent Structures Analysis in Turbulent Open Channel Flow Using Hilbert-Huang and Wavelets Transforms	141	(18)
Athanasios Zeris and Panayotis Prinos
7.1 Introduction	142	(1)
7.2 Results	143	(7)
7.2.1 Academic Signals	143	(1)
7.2.2 Turbulent Signals	143	(1)
7.2.3 Coherent Structures	143	(7)
7.3 Conclusions	150	(6)
References	156	(3)
Chapter 8 An HHT-Based Approach to Quantify Nonlinear Soil Amplification and Damping	159	(32)
Ray Ruichong Zhang
8.1 Introduction	160	(1)
8.2 Symptoms of Soil Nonlinearity	161	(1)
8.3 Fourier-Based Approach for Characterizing Nonlinearity	162	(4)
8.4 HHT-Based Approach for Characterizing Nonlinearity	166	(6)
8.5 Applications to 2001 Nisqually Earthquake Data	172	(13)
8.5.1 Detection of Nonlinear Soil Sites	173	(3)
8.5.2 HHT-Based Factor of Site Amplification	176	(2)
8.5.3 Influences of Window Length of Data	178	(2)
8.5.4 Comparison of HHT- and Fourier-Based Factors for Site Amplification	180	(4)
8.5.5 HHT-Based Factor for Site Damping	184	(1)
8.6 Concluding Remarks and Discussion	185	(2)
Acknowledgments	187	(1)
References	187	(4)
Chapter 9 Simulation of Nonstationary Random Processes Using Instantaneous Frequency and Amplitude from Hilbert-Huang Transform	191	(22)
Ping Gu and Y. Kwei Wen
9.1 Introduction	191	(3)
9.2 Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT)	194	(3)
9.3 IMF Recombination Method	197	(3)
9.4 Improved Wen-Yeh Method	200	(3)
9.5 Conclusions	203	(4)
Acknowledgments	207	(1)
References	207	(2)
Appendix: Relation between Hilbert Marginal Spectrum and Fourier Energy Spectrum	209	(4)
Chapter 10 Comparison of Hilbert-Huang, Wavelet, and Fourier Transforms for Selected Applications	213	(32)
Ser-Tong Quek, Puat-Siong Tua, and Quan Wang
10.1 Introduction	214	(1)
10.2 Hilbert-Huang Transform	215	(1)
10.3 Applications of HHT, WT, and FT to Experimental Data	216	(20)
10.3.1 Locating Crack in Aluminum Beam Using HHT	216	(3)
10.3.2 Detection of Edges in Aluminum Plate	219	(3)
10.3.3 Determination of Modal Frequencies of Aluminum Beam	222	(14)
10.4 Concluding Remarks	236	(3)
Acknowledgments	239	(4)
References	243	(2)
Chapter 11 The Analysis of Molecular Dynamics Simulations by the Hilbert-Huang Transform	245	(22)
Adrian P. Wiley, Robert J. Gledhill, Stephen C. Phillips, Martin T. Swain, Colin M. Edge, and Jonathan W. Essex
11.1 Introduction	246	(3)
11.2 The Hilbert-Huang Transform	249	(2)
11.3 Molecular Dynamics	251	(3)
11.4 Reversible Digitally Filtered Molecular Dynamics	254	(8)
11.5 Limitations	262	(1)
11.6 Conclusions	262	(1)
References	263	(4)
Chapter 12 Decomposition of Wave Groups with EMD Method	267	(14)
Wei Wang
12.1 Introduction	267	(2)
12.2 Decomposition of Intermittent Small-Scale Fluctuations from the Large Wave	269	(3)
12.3 Method for Decomposing Wave Groups	272	(2)
12.4 Validations	274	(6)
12.5 Conclusions	280	(1)
References	280	(1)
Chapter 13 Perspectives on the Theory and Practices of the Hilbert-Huang Transform	281	(26)
Nii O. Attoh-Okine
13.1 Introduction	282	(1)
13.2 Basic Ideas	282	(7)
13.2.1 The Hilbert-Huang Transform	282	(6)
13.2.2 Starting Point	288	(1)
13.3 Current Applications	289	(8)
13.3.1 Biomedical Applications	289	(1)
13.3.2 Chemistry and Chemical Engineering	289	(1)
13.3.3 Financial Applications	290	(1)
13.3.4 Meteorological and Atmospheric Applications	290	(1)
13.3.5 Ocean Engineering	291	(1)
13.3.6 Seismic Studies	292	(3)
13.3.7 Structural Applications	295	(1)
13.3.8 Health Monitoring	296	(1)
13.3.9 System Identification	296	(1)
13.4 Some Limitations	297	(1)
13.5 Potential Future Research	298	(1)
References	299	(3)
Addendum: Perspectives on the Theory and Practices of the Hilbert-Huang Transform	302	(2)
13A.1 Analytical	302	(1)
13A.2 Hybrid Method	302	(1)
13A.3 Bidimensional EMD	303	(1)
13A.4 Some Observations	304	(1)
References	304	(3)
Index	307