Historical Documents in American Education

by Johnson, Tony W.; Reed, Ronald

• ISBN13: 9780801333149
• ISBN10: 0801333148
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2002-01-01
• Publisher: Allyn & Bacon

Table of Contents

Preface	ix
PART ONE Religion and Education: Its Roots and Continuing Legacy	1	(64)
The Biblical Commonwealth	3	(16)
Documents
Massachusetts School Law of 1642	5	(1)
Violation by the Town of Topsfield of the Massachusetts School Law of 1642 (1668)	6	(1)
Massachusetts School of Law of 1647	7	(1)
Connecticut School Law of 1650	7	(1)
John Eliot Requests a College for Massachusetts Bay (1636)	8	(1)
Description of the Founding of Harvard College (1636)	9	(1)
Selections from the Earliest Extant Copy of the New England Primer (1727)	10	(3)
Michael Wigglesworth, ``The Day of Doom'' (1662)	13	(5)
Questions	18	(1)
Education as the Safeguard of Liberty	19	(10)
Documents
Thomas Jefferson on His Own Education (c. 1760)	20	(1)
Thomas Jefferson's ``Bill for the More General Diffusion of Knowledge'' (1779)	21	(6)
Thomas Jefferson's ``Bill for Establishing Religious Freedom'' (1779)	27	(1)
Questions	28	(1)
Religion and the Schools: Conflicting Values	29	(9)
Document
The Amendments to the United States Constitution	30	(7)
Questions	37	(1)
Compulsion, Religion, and the Schools: The Free Exercise Clause	38	(14)
Documents
Decisions on the Constitutional Right to Operate a Religious School (1925)	40	(1)
Decisions on Mandatory Saluting of the Flag (1940)	41	(4)
Decisions on Mandatory Saluting of the Flag (1943)	45	(6)
Questions	51	(1)
Religion and the Schools: The Establishment Clause	52	(13)
Documents
Decisions on Released Time for Religious Instruction on School Premises (1948)	53	(4)
Decision on Recitation of Prayers in Public Schools (1962)	57	(4)
Decision on Bible Reading in the Public Schools (1963)	61	(2)
Questions	63	(1)
Suggestions for Further Reading	64	(1)
PART TWO Local versus Centralized Control of Schooling: Past and Present	65	(58)
The District School and Noah Webster's United States	67	(12)
Documents
Description of a District School in Union County, Pennsylvania (1857)	70	(1)
Noah Webster Urges Reform of Spelling (1789)	71	(3)
Noah Webster on the Necessity for an American Language (1789)	74	(4)
Questions	78	(1)
Horace Mann and the Common School Crusade	79	(8)
Documents
Senator Daniel Webster on the Schools as a ``Wise and Liberal System of Police'' (1820)	81	(1)
Horace Mann's Thoughts on Being Chosen Secretary of the Massachusetts Board of Education (1837)	81	(3)
Henry Barnard on the Needs of the Connecticut Common Schools (1839)	84	(2)
Questions	86	(1)
The ``One Best System'' and the Feminization of the Teaching Profession	87	(14)
Documents
Horace Mann's Twelfth Annual Report (1848)	88	(11)
The Superiority of Women as Teachers (1846)	99	(1)
Questions	100	(1)
U.S. Textbooks in the Nineteenth Century	101	(12)
Documents
Good Pronunciation with Moral Lessons from the American Spelling Book (1831)	102	(2)
Selection from McGuffey's First Eclectic Reader (1853)	104	(2)
Lesson from McGuffey's Third Eclectic Reader (1848)	106	(3)
Selection from McGuffey's Fifth Eclectic Reader (1879)	109	(2)
The Lesson of American History (1859)	111	(1)
Questions	111	(2)
Education Vouchers: Parental versus Societal Control Revisited	113	(10)
Document
On Education Vouchers (1971)	114	(7)
Questions	121	(1)
Suggestions for Further Reading	121	(2)
PART THREE Retreat from Commonality: Education of the ``Child Races''	123	(76)
Booker T. Washington and Industrial Education	125	(18)
Documents
From: ``Up from Slavery:'' The Story of Booker T. Washington	127	(2)
Booker T. Washington on the Educational Outlook for Negroes in the South (1885)	129	(4)
Booker T. Washington's Atlanta Exposition Address (1895)	133	(3)
W. E. B. Du Bois on Booker T. Washington (1903)	136	(3)
``The Talented Tenth'' (1903)	139	(2)
Questions	141	(2)
Plessy and Beyond	143	(9)
Documents
The Separate but Equal Doctrine	144	(3)
Decision on a Separate School of Law for Negroes in Texas (1950)	147	(3)
Segregation of a Graduate Student in a State University Ruled Unconstitutional (1950)	150	(1)
Questions	151	(1)
The Education of the Immigrant: Common or Special Education	152	(20)
Documents
A Russian Immigrant in the ``Promised Land'' (1912)	154	(3)
Language	157	(10)
A U.S. Bureau of Education Official on Education and the Chinese Migration (1875)	167	(4)
Questions	171	(1)
The Brown Decisions	172	(8)
Documents
Brown v. Board of Education (1954)	173	(4)
``With All Deliberate Speed'' (1955)	177	(1)
Questions	178	(2)
Affirmative Action: The Next Step	180	(11)
Documents
The Civil Rights Act of 1964	181	(2)
President Lyndon Johnson's Call upon Congress to Pass Elementary and Secondary Education Act (1965)	183	(2)
Eliminate Racial Discrimination Root and Branch	185	(3)
Court-Ordered Busing	188	(2)
Questions	190	(1)
Enter Bakke	191	(8)
Documents
The Case of Reverse Discrimination	192	(3)
Affirmative Action Denied	195	(2)
Questions	197	(1)
Suggestions for Further Reading	197	(2)
PART FOUR Contemporary Issues: Equity, Inclusion, and Abuse	199	(40)
Financial Equity: Local Control Revisited	201	(6)
Document
One Scholar/One Dollar	203	(3)
Questions	206	(1)
Mainstreaming and Inclusion: Out of Sight/Out of Mind	207	(11)
Document
The Inclusion Revolution	209	(7)
Questions	216	(2)
Testing: A History of Abuse	218	(21)
Documents
The Psychological Method of Measuring Intelligence (1905)	221	(3)
Lewis Terman on the Theory and Practice of Intelligence Testing (1916)	224	(8)
``The Big Score''	232	(5)
Questions	237	(1)
Suggestions for Further Reading	237	(2)
Subject Index	239	(4)
Name Index	243