A History of Ancient Philosophy: From the Beginning to Augustine

by Johansen,Karsten Friis

• ISBN13: 9780415127387
• ISBN10: 0415127386
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1999-04-16
• Publisher: Routledge

Summary

This book discusses key philosophical concepts and ideologies, including ontology, epistemology, logic, semantics, moral and political philosophy, theology and aesthetics during classical antiquity. Karsten Friis Johansen charts the history of ancient philosophy from the mythological oral tradition, Homer and early tragedy, to the giants of Plato and Aristotle through to paganism and the genesis of Christianity.A History of Ancient Philosophyalso presents detailed analysis of individual ancient philosophers and interpretations and commentary on key philosophical passages.

Table of Contents

Preface	xi
Introduction	1	(10)
The evidence	3	(8)
PART I: PRESOCRATIC PHILOSOPHY	11	(74)
1 Myth, poetry and philosophy	11	(9)
2 Ionian natural philosophy	20	(9)
3 Heraclitus	29	(7)
4 The Pythagoreans	36	(9)
5 The Eleatics	45	(14)
Xenophanes	45	(2)
Parmenides	47	(7)
Zeno	54	(4)
Melissus	58	(1)
6 Post-Parmenidean natural philosophy	59	(20)
Empedocles	60	(5)
Anaxagoras	65	(4)
The Atomists	69	(10)
7 Medical science	79	(6)
PART II: THE GREAT CENTURY OF ATHENS	85	(54)
8 Pericles' Athens	85	(3)
9 Tragedy and view of history	88	(11)
10 The Sophists	99	(19)
Protagoras	102	(6)
Gorgias	108	(2)
Theories of language	110	(2)
Later social theories	112	(6)
11 Socrates	118	(21)
Aristophanes' Socrates	119	(2)
Xenephon's Socrates	121	(3)
Plato's Socrates	124	(9)
Other Socratics. Aristotle's Socrates	133	(6)
PART III: PLATO	139	(130)
12 Life, works and position	139	(21)
Works	142	(4)
The dialogue form	146	(3)
Myths	149	(1)
Plato's philosophical vision	150	(10)
13 What is virtue? Can virtue be taught?	160	(13)
The Protagoras, Gorgias and Meno	167	(6)
14 Idea and man	173	(25)
The `classical' doctrine of ideas	173	(12)
Logos and Eros: the Phaedo, Symposium, Phaedrus and Cratylus	185	(13)
15 The good constitution of state and man	198	(15)
The construction of the state: Books I-V	201	(6)
`The state in heaven' and the decline of the state: Books V-X	207	(6)
16 The late dialogues: knowledge and being	213	(23)
The Parmenides	213	(7)
The Theaetetus	220	(7)
The Sophist	227	(9)
17 The late dialogues: nature, man and society	236	(18)
The Timaeus and Critias	236	(9)
The Philebus	245	(3)
The Laws	248	(6)
18 Plato and the early Academy	254	(15)
The Seventh Letter	254	(1)
The `unwritten doctrines'	255	(7)
Speusippus and Xenocrates	262	(7)
PART IV: ARISTOTLE	269	(138)
19 Life, works and position	269	(24)
Works	271	(5)
The Copernican turning point	276	(6)
Principles and methods	282	(4)
Formal concepts and pluralism	286	(7)
20 Logic and theory of science	293	(23)
The Categories and De interpretatione	294	(8)
The Analytics	302	(9)
Theory of argumentation	311	(5)
21 Natural philosophy and psychology	316	(27)
The Physics	317	(10)
Cosmology and theory of elements	327	(3)
Dynamics	330	(2)
Biology	332	(3)
Psychology	335	(8)
22 Metaphysics and theology	343	(23)
What is `being'?	345	(5)
What is `substance'?	350	(10)
Theology	360	(6)
23 Ethics and politics	366	(26)
What is happiness?	369	(4)
The practical life	373	(11)
The theoretical life -- and man's double identity	384	(2)
Politics	386	(6)
24 Rhetoric and poetics	392	(8)
Rhetoric	392	(3)
Poetics	395	(5)
25 The early Peripatetics	400	(7)
PART V: HELLENISTIC PHILOSOPHY	407	(94)
26 Science and philosophy	407	(16)
Mathematics	409	(5)
Astronomy	414	(3)
Medicine	417	(2)
Technology	419	(1)
Philosophy	420	(3)
27 Epicurus	423	(19)
Epistemology	426	(4)
Physics	430	(5)
Ethics	435	(4)
Later Epicureanism	439	(3)
28 Early Stoicism	442	(29)
Epistemology, semantics and logic	447	(11)
Physics and theology	458	(7)
Ethics	465	(6)
29 Scepticism	471	(13)
Academic Sceptisicm	472	(5)
The `Pyrrhonian' reaction	477	(7)
30 Greece and Rome	484	(17)
Middle Stoicism	486	(2)
Cicero	488	(13)
PART VI: LATE ANTIQUITY	501	(124)
31 Imperial Rome	501	(31)
Late Stoicism	504	(9)
School philosophy: Platonic, Pythagorean and Aristotelian trends	513	(7)
Plutarch	520	(3)
Philo	523	(4)
Gnosticism	527	(3)
Numenius	530	(2)
32 Plotinus	532	(24)
Plotinus on principles	535	(6)
The three hypostases	541	(9)
Man	550	(6)
33 Late Neoplatonism	556	(13)
Porphyry, Iamblichus and Proclus	558	(7)
The aftermath	565	(4)
34 Early Christian thought	569	(19)
Anti-Christian polemics	572	(2)
Christianity and philosophy	574	(4)
Justin Martyr and Clement of Alexandria	578	(1)
Origen	579	(4)
The Christological Controversies	583	(1)
Early Byzantine theology and anthropology	584	(4)
35 Augustine	588	(37)
Works	592	(4)
Augustine's breakthrough	596	(5)
Knowledge of God	601	(4)
Man -- knowledge and will	605	(4)
God and man: creation, providence and freedom	609	(5)
The traces of God	614	(11)
Abbreviations: general	625	(1)
Abbreviations: individual authors and texts	626	(13)
Bibliography	639	(24)
Index	663