A History of Western Music

by Burkholder, J. Peter; Grout, Donald Jay; Palisca, Claude V.

• ISBN13: 9780393979916
• ISBN10: 0393979911
• Edition: 7th
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2005-07-06
• Publisher: NORTON

Summary

Renowned for its comprehensive coverage of genres and styles in Western music from antiquity to the present, A History of Western Music has secured its place--through six editions and for almost half a century--as the definitive resource for every musician. In this latest edition, J. Peter Burkholder has renewed and updated the book to suit the ways in which instructors teach and students learn today, all while maintaining the authority and comprehensive coverage that has defined this classic text. In a shift of emphasis, this edition places people making choices at the center of the story. Linking historical and social context directly to musical practice and styles, this edition calls attention to what's important, where it fits, why it matters, and who cares.

Table of Contents

Editorial Advisory Board	ii
Maps	xii
Guide to Recordings	xiii
Preface to the Seventh Edition	xxiii
PART ONE THE ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL WORLDS	3	(144)
Music in Antiquity	4	(20)
The Earliest Music	5	(1)
Music in Ancient Mesopotamia	6	(3)
Timeline	9	(1)
Music in Ancient Greek Life and Thought	10	(12)
Music in Ancient Rome	22	(1)
The Greek Heritage	23	(1)
The Christian Church in the First Millennium	24	(26)
The Diffusion of Christianity	24	(1)
The Judaic Heritage	25	(2)
Music in the Early Church	27	(2)
Divisions in the Church and Dialects of Chant	29	(1)
Timeline	30	(4)
The Development of Notation	34	(6)
Music in Context: In the Monastic Scriptorium	40	(1)
Music Theory and Practice	41	(7)
Echoes of History	48	(2)
Roman Liturgy and Chant	50	(21)
The Roman Liturgy	50	(2)
Music in Context: The Experience of the Mass	52	(4)
Characteristics of Chant	56	(1)
Timeline	56	(1)
Genres and Forms of Chant	57	(8)
Additions to the Authorized Chants	65	(3)
Hildegard of Bingen	68	(2)
The Continuing Presence of Chant	70	(1)
Song and Dance Music in the Middle Ages	71	(16)
European Society, 800--1300	71	(3)
Latin and Vernacular Song	74	(1)
Timeline	75	(1)
Trobadour and Trouvere Song	76	(5)
Song in Other Lands	81	(2)
Medieval Instruments	83	(2)
Dance Music	85	(1)
The Lover's Complaint	86	(1)
Polyphony through the Thirteenth Century	87	(29)
Early Organum	88	(4)
Aquitanian Polyphony	92	(2)
Notre Dame Polyphony	94	(4)
Timeline	98	(5)
Polyphonic Conductus	103	(1)
Motet	104	(7)
English Polyphony	111	(3)
A Polyphonic Tradition	114	(2)
French and Italian Music in the Fourteenth Century	116	(31)
European Society in the Fourteenth Century	116	(1)
Timeline	117	(3)
The Ars Nova in France	120	(2)
Innovations: Writing Rhythm	122	(4)
Guillaume de Machaut	126	(6)
The Ars Subtilior	132	(3)
Italian Trecento Music	135	(6)
Fourteenth-Century Music in Performance	141	(4)
Echoes of the New Art	145	(2)
PART TWO THE RENAISSANCE	147	(140)
The Age of the Renaissance	148	(19)
The Renaissance in Culture and Art	149	(1)
Timeline	150	(5)
The Musical Renaissance	155	(8)
Music as a Renaissance Art	163	(1)
Innovations: Music Printing	164	(3)
England and Burgundy in the Fifteenth Century	167	(23)
English Music	167	(3)
Timeline	170	(5)
Music in the Burgundian Lands	175	(2)
Music in Context: The Feast of the Oath of the Pheasant	177	(3)
Guillaume Du Fay	180	(4)
The Polyphonic Mass	184	(5)
The Musical Language of the Renaissance	189	(1)
Franco-Flemish Composers, 1450--1520	190	(20)
Political Change and Consolidation	190	(2)
Ockeghem and Busnoys	192	(6)
The Next Generation	198	(1)
Timeline	199	(3)
Josquin des Prez	202	(7)
Old and New	209	(1)
Sacred Music in the Era of the Reformation	210	(30)
The Reformation	210	(2)
Music in the Lutheran Church	212	(4)
Timeline	216	(2)
Music in Calvinist Churches	218	(3)
Church Music in England	221	(3)
Catholic Church Music	224	(3)
Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina	227	(6)
Spain and the New World	233	(2)
Germany and Eastern Europe	235	(3)
Jewish Music	238	(1)
The Legacy of Sixteenth-Century Sacred Music	238	(2)
Madrigal and Secular Song in the Sixteenth Century	240	(24)
The First Market for Music	240	(2)
Spain	242	(1)
Italy	243	(1)
Timeline	243	(1)
The Italian Madrigal	244	(11)
France	255	(3)
Germany	258	(1)
England	258	(4)
The Madrigal and Its Impact	262	(2)
The Rise of Instrumental Music	264	(23)
Instruments	265	(4)
Timeline	269	(1)
Types of Instrumental Music	270	(1)
Music in Context: Social Dance	271	(10)
Music in Venice	281	(3)
Instrumental Music Gains Independence	284	(3)
PART THREE THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY	287	(128)
New Styles in the Seventeenth Century	288	(19)
Europe in the Seventeenth Century	289	(1)
Timeline	289	(3)
From Renaissance to Baroque	292	(8)
General Characteristics of Baroque Music	300	(6)
Enduring Innovations	306	(1)
The Invention of Opera	307	(21)
Forerunners of Opera	307	(1)
Timeline	308	(4)
The First Operas	312	(4)
Claudio Monteverdi	316	(3)
The Spread of Italian Opera	319	(5)
Innovations: Singer-Power and Singer-Worship-The Diva	324	(3)
Opera as Drama and as Theater	327	(1)
Music for Chamber and Church in the Early Seventeenth Century	328	(25)
Italian Vocal Chamber Music	328	(4)
Catholic Sacred Music	332	(2)
Timeline	334	(4)
Lutheran Church Music	338	(1)
Heinrich Schutz	338	(4)
Jewish Music	342	(2)
Instrumental Music	344	(7)
Tradition and Innovation	351	(2)
France, England, Spain, and the New World in the Seventeenth Century	353	(31)
The French Baroque	354	(4)
Music in Context: The Music of the Great Stable	358	(4)
Timeline	362	(10)
The English Baroque	372	(7)
Spain and the New World	379	(3)
French Style and National Traditions	382	(2)
Italy and Germany in the Late Seventeenth Century	384	(31)
Italy	384	(6)
Timeline	390	(2)
Music in Context: The Violin Workshop of Antonio Stradivarius	392	(8)
Germany and Austria	400	(13)
Seeds for the Future	413	(2)
PART FOUR THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY	415	(152)
The Early Eighteenth Century in Italy and France	416	(22)
Europe in a Century of Change	416	(2)
Music In Italy	418	(1)
Timeline	419	(1)
Music In Context: The Voice of Farinelli	420	(3)
Antonio Vivaldi	423	(6)
Music in France	429	(3)
Jean-Philippe Rameau	432	(5)
A Volatile Public	437	(1)
German Composers of the Late Baroque	438	(34)
Contexts for Music	438	(3)
Johann Sebastian Bach	441	(4)
Timeline	445	(12)
George Frideric Handel	457	(13)
An Enduring Legacy	470	(2)
Opera and Vocal Music in the Early Classic Period	472	(34)
Europe in the Mid- to Late-Eighteenth Century	472	(4)
Innovations: The Public Concert	476	(2)
Musical Taste and Style	478	(1)
Timeline	479	(6)
Italian Comic Opera	485	(5)
Opera Seria	490	(4)
Opera in Other Languages	494	(3)
Opera Reform	497	(3)
Song and Church Music	500	(5)
Opera and the New Language	505	(1)
Instrumental Music: Sonata, Symphony, and Concerto at Midcentury	506	(19)
Instruments and Ensembles	506	(4)
Genres and Forms	510	(2)
Timeline	512	(2)
Keyboard Music	514	(5)
Orchestral Music	519	(5)
The Singing Instrument	524	(1)
Classic Music in the Late Eighteenth Century	525	(42)
Joseph Haydn	526	(4)
Timeline	530	(16)
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart	546	(18)
Classic Music	564	(3)
PART FIVE THE NINETEENTH CENTURY	567	(190)
Revolution and Change	568	(27)
Revolution, War, and Music, 1789--1815	568	(2)
Timeline	570	(1)
Ludwig van Beethoven	571	(22)
Beethoven's Centrality	593	(2)
The Romantic Generation: Song and Piano Music	595	(36)
The New Order, 1815--1848	595	(5)
Innovations: Musical Instruments in the Industrial Revolution	600	(2)
Romanticism	602	(2)
Timeline	604	(1)
Song	605	(10)
Music for Piano	615	(14)
The Romantic Legacy	629	(2)
Romanticism in Classic Forms: Orchestral, Chamber, and Choral Music	631	(28)
Orchestral Music	632	(2)
Timeline	634	(11)
Chamber Music	645	(5)
Choral Music	650	(7)
Romanticism and the Classical Tradition	657	(2)
Romantic Opera and Musical Theater to Midcentury	659	(20)
The Roles of Opera	659	(1)
Italy	660	(8)
France	668	(5)
Germany	673	(2)
The United States	675	(1)
Timeline	675	(3)
Opera as High Culture	678	(1)
Opera and Musical Theater in the Later Nineteenth Century	679	(35)
Technology, Politics, and Nationalism	679	(3)
Music in Context: Nationalism and Exoticism	682	(1)
Opera	683	(1)
Giuseppe Verdi	683	(5)
Later Italian Composers	688	(2)
Richard Wagner	690	(8)
France	698	(3)
Russia	701	(8)
Other Nations	709	(1)
Timeline	710	(3)
Music for the Stage and Its Audiences	713	(1)
Late Romanticism in Germany and Austria	714	(23)
Dichotomies and Disputes	714	(1)
Timeline	715	(3)
Johannes Brahms	718	(8)
The Wagnerians	726	(9)
Reaching the Audience	735	(2)
Diverging Traditions in the Later Nineteenth Century	737	(20)
France	737	(4)
Eastern and Northern Europe	741	(5)
Timeline	746	(1)
The United States	747	(8)
Reception and Recognition	755	(2)
PART SIX THE TWENTIETH CENTURY AND AFTER	757
The Early Twentieth Century	758	(43)
Modern Times, 1898--1918	758	(2)
Innovations: Recorded Sound and Its Impact	760	(5)
Vernacular Musical Traditions	765	(1)
Timeline	766	(4)
Modern Music in the Classical Tradition	770	(1)
Germany and Austria	771	(9)
Claude Debussy	780	(5)
The First Modern Generation	785	(10)
The Avant-Garde	795	(4)
Late Romantic or Modern?	799	(2)
Modernism and the Classical Tradition	801	(43)
Arnold Schoenberg	802	(3)
Timeline	805	(3)
Music in Context: Expressionism	808	(6)
Alban Berg	814	(2)
Anton Webern	816	(3)
Igor Stravinsky	819	(10)
Bela Bartok	829	(8)
Charles Ives	837	(6)
Composer and Audience	843	(1)
Between the World Wars: Jazz and Popular Music	844	(21)
Between the Wars	844	(2)
Timeline	846	(2)
American Musical Theater and Popular Song	848	(3)
The Jazz Age	851	(8)
Duke Ellington	859	(3)
Film Music	862	(2)
Mass Media and Popular Music	864	(1)
Between the World Wars: The Classical Tradition	865	(28)
Music, Politics, and the People	865	(1)
Timeline	866	(1)
France	867	(3)
Germany	870	(6)
The Soviet Union	876	(4)
The Americas	880	(3)
The United States	883	(8)
What Politics?	891	(2)
Postwar Crosscurrents	893	(48)
The Cold War and the Splintering Tradition	893	(3)
Popular Music	896	(6)
Broadway and Film Music	902	(2)
Timeline	904	(1)
From Bebop to Free Jazz	905	(3)
Heirs to the Classical Tradition	908	(1)
Traditional Media	909	(8)
Serialism	917	(3)
Nonserial Complexity and Virtuosity	920	(2)
New Sounds and Textures	922	(9)
The Avant-Garde	931	(5)
Quotation and Collage	936	(2)
Band and Wind Ensemble Music	938	(2)
Roll Over, Beethoven	940	(1)
The End of the Millennium	941
A Global Culture	942	(1)
Timeline	942	(2)
The Changing World of Music	944	(3)
Music in Context: Digital Technologies	947	(3)
Niches in Popular Music	950	(2)
Minimalism and Postminimalism	952	(4)
The New Accessibility	956	(8)
Interactions with Non-Western Music Technologies	964	(1)
The New Millennium	965
Glossary	1	(21)
For Further Reading	22	(62)
Credits	84	(3)
Index	87