9780813533537

The first anthology to address the relationship between the events of the Nazi genocide and the intellectual concerns of contemporary literary and cultural theory in one substantial and indispensable volume. This agenda-setting reader brings together both classic and new writings to demonstrate how concerns arising from the Nazi genocide shaped contemporary literary and cultural theory. Wide in its thematic scope, it covers such vital questions as: - Authenticity and experience - Memory and trauma - Historiography and the philosophy of history - Fascism and Nazi anti-Semitism - Representation and identity formation - Race, gender, and genocide - Implications of the Holocaust for theories of the unconscious, ethics, politics, and aesthetics The readings, which are fully contextualized by a general introduction, section introductions, and bibliographical notes, represent the work of many influential writers and theorists, including Theodor Adorno, Giorgio Agamben, Hannah Arendt, Jean Baudrillard, Zygmunt Bauman, Walter Benjamin, Cathy Caruth, Jacques Derrida, Shoshana Felman, Saul Friedlander, Paul Gilroy, Lawrence Langer, Emmanuel Levinas, Primo Levi, Jean-François Lyotard, Hayden White, and James E. Young. This multidisciplinary anthology will be welcomed by students and scholars of the Holocaust.

Acknowledgements

xi

Publisher's Acknowledgements

xiii

About this book

xix

General Introduction

1

(24)

PART I: THEORY AND EXPERIENCE

Introduction

25

(4)

1 The Drowned and the Saved

Primo Levi

29

(7)

2 'Resentments'

Jean Améry

36

(9)

3 Days and Memory

Charlotte Delbo

45

(5)

4 'The Camps'

Ruth Kluger

50

(9)

PART II: HISTORICIZING THE HOLOCAUST?

Introduction

59

(4)

5 'On the Public Use of History'

Jürgen Habermas

63

(6)

6 'The "Final Solution": On the Unease in Historical Interpretation'

Saul Friedlander

69

(6)

7 'Historical Understanding and Counterrationality: The Judenrat as Epistemological Vantage'

Dan Diner

75

(7)

8 'The Uniqueness and Normality of the Holocaust'

Zygmunt Bauman

82

(7)

9 'The European Imagination in the Age of Total War'

Omer Bartov

89

(7)

10 The Origins of the Nazi Genocide

Henry Friedlander

96

(7)

PART III: NAZI CULTURE, FASCISM, AND ANTISEMITISM

Introduction

103

(4)

11 'The Rhetoric of Hitler's "Battle"

Kenneth Burke

107

(6)

12 'The Psychological Structure of Fascism'

Georges Bataille

113

(8)

13 'Elements of Anti-Semitism'

Max Horkheimer and Theodor W. Adorno

121

(6)

14 'The Fiction of the Political'

Philippe Lacoue-Labarthe

127

(5)

15 'Anti-Semitism and National Socialism'

Moishe Postone

132

(8)

16 'Ordinary Men'

Christopher Browning

140

(7)

PART IV: RACE, GENDER, AND GENOCIDE

Introduction

147

(4)

17 'Floods, Bodies, History'

Klaus Theweleit

151

(9)

18 'Racism and Sexism in Nazi Germany'

Gisela Bock

160

(9)

19 'The Unethical and the Unspeakable: Women and the Holocaust'

Joan Ringelheim

169

(9)

20 'Women and the Holocaust: Analyzing Gender Difference'

Pascale Rachel Bos

178

(11)

PART V: PSYCHOANALYSIS, TRAUMA, AND MEMORY

Introduction

189

(3)

21 'Trauma and Experience'

Cathy Caruth

192

(7)

22 'Trauma, Absence, Loss'

Dominick LaCapra

199

(7)

23 'Trauma and Transference'

Saul Friedlander

206

(8)

24 'History Beyond the Pleasure Principle: Some Thoughts on the Representation of Trauma'

Eric L. Santner

214

(7)

25 'Bearing Witness or the Vicissitudes of Listening'

Dori Laub

221

(8)

PART VI: QUESTIONS OF RELIGION, ETHICS, AND JUSTICE

Introduction

229

(4)

26 'Thinking the Tremendum'

Arthur A. Cohen

233

(4)

27 'To Mend the World'

Emil L. Fackenheim

237

(4)

28 'Ethics and Spirit'

Emmanuel Levinas

241

(5)

29 Eichmann in Jerusalem

Hannah Arendt

246

(6)

30 'What is a Camp?'

Giorgio Agamben

252

(5)

31 The Differend

Jean-François Lyotard

257

(6)

32 'New Political Theology - Out of Holocaust and Liberation'

Gillian Rose

263

(10)

PART VII: LITERATURE AND CULTURE AFTER AUSCHWITZ

Introduction

273

(4)

33 'Theses on the Philosophy of History'

Walter Benjamin

277

(3)

34 'Cultural Criticism and Society'

Theodor W. Adorno

280

(2)

35 'Meditations on Metaphysics'

Theodor W. Adorno

282

(6)

36 'Writing and the Holocaust'

Irving Howe

288

(3)

37 'Non-Philosophical Amazement - Writing in Amazement: Benjamin's Position in the Aftermath of the Holocaust'

Sigrid Weigel

291

(8)

38 The Writing of the Disaster

Maurice Blanchot

299

(7)

39 'Shibboleth'

Jacques Derrida

306

(7)

40 'Language and Culture after the Holocaust'

Geoffrey H. Hartman

313

(5)

41 'Representing Auschwitz'

Sidra DeKoven Ezrahi

318

(7)

PART VIII: MODES OF NARRATION

Introduction

325

(4)

42 'The Moral Space of Figurative Discourse'

Berel Lang

329

(6)

43 'Writing the Holocaust'

James E. Young

335

(4)

44 'The Modernist Event'

Hayden White

339

(7)

45 'Against Foreshadowing'

Michael André Bernstein

346

(8)

46 'Deep Memory: The Buried Self'

Lawrence L. Langer

354

(6)

47 'The Return of the Voice: Claude Lanzmann's Shoah'

Shoshana Felman

360

(11)

PART IX: RETHINKING VISUAL CULTURE

Introduction

371

(4)

48 Reflections of Nazism

Saul Friedlander

375

(5)

49 'Holocaust'

Jean Baudrillard

380

(3)

50 'Anselm Kiefer: the Terror of History, the Temptation of Myth'

Andreas Huyssen

383

(6)

51 'The Aesthetic Transformation of the Image of the Unimaginable: Notes on Claude Lanzmann's Shoah'

Gertrud Koch

389

(7)

52 'In Plain Sight'

Lilliane Weissberg

396

(11)

PART X: LATECOMERS: NEGATIVE SYMBIOSIS, POSTMEMORY, AND COUNTERMEMORY

Introduction

407

(3)

53 'Memory Shot Through with Holes'

Henri Raczymow

410

(6)

54 'Mourning and Postmemory'

Marianne Hirsch

416

(7)

55 'Negative Symbiosis: Germans and Jews after Auschwitz'

Dan Diner

423

(8)

56 'The Countermonument: Memory Against Itself in Germany'

James E. Young

431

(10)

PART XI: UNIQUENESS, COMPARISON, AND THE POLITICS OF MEMORY

Introduction

441

(3)

57 'Two Kinds of Uniqueness: The Universal Aspects of the Holocaust'

Alan Milchman and Alan Rosenberg

444

(7)

58 'What Was the Holocaust?'

Yehuda Bauer

451

(4)

59 The Black Atlantic

Paul Gilroy

455

(6)

60 'Thinking about Genocide'

Mahmood Mamdani

461

(7)

61 'Dare to Compare: Americanizing the Holocaust'

Lilian Friedberg

468

(6)

62 The Holocaust in American Life

Peter Novick

474

(7)

Index

481

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The Holocaust

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