Homeland Security and Private Sector Business: Corporations' Role in Critical Infrastructure Protection

by Lee; Elsa

• ISBN13: 9781420070781
• ISBN10: 1420070789
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2008-10-22
• Publisher: Auerbach Pub

Summary

The challenge in combating terrorism is not that any of us could die tomorrow in an attack, but that we cannot seem to perform the basic functions of diagnosing and treating the problem so that it is manageable.  Given this, and because public and private sector partnerships are critical to the success of this management, Homeland Security and Private Sector Business: Corporations' Role in Critical Infrastructure Protection identifies the role the private sector plays in securing our homeland and offers strategies to aid in the fight against national and international threats.Organized to take into consideration differing leadership and management styles, organizational cultural change barriers, and team dynamics, the information is structured to appeal to most adult learning styles, ensuring effective communication of critical messages. Using helpful case studies and exercises, the author presents invaluable instruction on how to establish, implement, and reinforce terrorismawareness and regulatory compliance with national critical infrastructure interests. Comprehensive in scope, the book reviews threat factors, risk mitigation, readiness plans, prevention approaches, human factors, and training methods. It concludes with insights into the limitations businesses must respect as they adjust to this new paradigm.A recognized expert in terrorism deterrence and counterintelligence methods, Elsa Lee brings her 28 years of experience in counterterrorism, counterintelligence, and counterespionage investigations to inform the discussion. Organizations which integrate her recommendations into their internal corporate strategies will not only contribute to Homeland Security efforts, but will also ultimately improve business continuity, resiliency, and operational and financial security for the corporation.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. xi
Acknowledgments	p. xv
About the Author	p. xvii
Introduction: Homeland Security Vision	p. 1
The Desired State of Homeland Security	p. 1
The Current State of Homeland Security	p. 4
Homeland Security Issues and Challenges	p. 9
Everyone Has a Role in Homeland Security	p. 11
History of Terrorism	p. 12
The Direct Impact of Modern-Day Terrorism	p. 14
What's at Stake with Today's Terrorist Attacks	p. 15
Countering Terrorism with DHS Help	p. 20
DHS Help Is Not Enough	p. 23
Essential Threat Factors	p. 25
The Problem We Face with Threats	p. 25
General Threats to Security Hierarchy Components	p. 27
General Threat Effect on Homeland Security	p. 29
Threat Management Through Intelligence	p. 30
Terrorists' Operational Methodology	p. 33
Limitations of Early Warnings	p. 37
Creating Your Own Threat-Warning Capabilities	p. 40
Painful Lesson: The USS Cole Attack	p. 41
Implications of Not Understanding Threats	p. 43
Lesson Learned: First World Trade Center Attack, 1993	p. 45
Lesson Learned: First American Hijacking, 1961	p. 45
Homeland Security Roles and Misconceptions	p. 46
Sharing Information	p. 48
Threat Trends	p. 49
Conclusion	p. 51
Threat, Vulnerability, and Risk Components	p. 53
Overview	p. 53
DHS Risk Model and National Infrastructure Protection Plan (NIPP)	p. 57
Responsibility and Accountability per DHS	p. 60
How to Perform Your Own Threat Assessment	p. 60
NIPP as a Template	p. 62
A Framework for Taking the NIPP Approach	p. 64
A Framework for Assessing Threat	p. 65
What the Results Suggest	p. 70
Terrorist Activity Indicators	p. 71
Espionage or Insider Threats	p. 71
Information and Technical Threats	p. 71
How to Handle Discoveries of Threat and Vulnerabilities	p. 72
Determining Vulnerability	p. 73
Countermeasure	p. 76
Reporting Information	p. 77
Cost versus Investment	p. 78
Penalties	p. 80
Mini Case Study	p. 81
Risk Mitigation, Transference, and Elimination	p. 83
Risk Decision Principles	p. 84
Lessons Not Easily Learned	p. 89
Readiness Plans: Develop, Validate, and Update	p. 95
Overview	p. 95
How Terrorists Plan	p. 98
Collaboration with External Organizations	p. 99
Beginning the Development Process	p. 102
Plan Development	p. 105
Overlooked Plan Items	p. 107
Internal Communications Considerations	p. 108
External Communications	p. 109
Crisis and Media Communications	p. 109
Plan Response for Bomb Threats	p. 111
Addressing Loading Docks and Mailrooms	p. 112
Plan Validation	p. 113
Plan Updates	p. 114
Plan to Share Information	p. 114
What DHS Says about Protected Critical Infrastructure Information (PCII)	p. 117
Prevention, Detection, and Response Factors across Sectors	p. 119
Overview	p. 119
Innovative Prevention Approaches	p. 124
Innovative Detection Technology	p. 127
Investing in Response Capabilities through Partnership	p. 128
Other Contributors to Homeland Security	p. 132
Response Considerations	p. 133
Preparedness Snapshot	p. 135
Case Study	p. 136
Human Factors and Team Dynamics	p. 141
The Human Factor	p. 141
Humanity in Crisis and Hero Mode	p. 142
Female Terrorists: THE Human Factor Gone Wrong	p. 143
Humans in Conflict	p. 144
Human Overconfidence	p. 146
Human Technology	p. 149
SuperDiversity	p. 151
Diversity as a Problem Solver	p. 152
The "Human Factor" as a Tool	p. 153
Dysfunctional Group Dynamics	p. 156
Discussion versus Dialogue	p. 158
How to Get your Team to Dialogue	p. 159
Leadership versus Management	p. 160
Roadblocks to Effective TeamWork	p. 162
Lack of Proper Foundation	p. 164
Linguistic Differences	p. 165
Conflicts	p. 166
Chapter Exercise	p. 167
Toolkits and Innovative Ideas for Change	p. 169
Overview	p. 169
Organizational Leadership	p. 170
Fundamental Management Knowledge	p. 171
Stephen Covey	p. 171
Problem-Solving Exercises	p. 173
Appreciation Exercises: Extracting Maximum Information from Facts	p. 173
How to Use the Tool	p. 174
Example	p. 174
Key Points	p. 174
5 Whys: Quickly Getting to the Root of a Problem	p. 174
Why Use the Tool?	p. 174
How to Use the Tool	p. 175
Example	p. 175
Key Points	p. 175
Fundamental Terrorism Knowledge	p. 176
Gary Berntsen	p. 176
Peter L. Bergen	p. 177
Michael Scheuer	p. 177
Steven Emerson	p. 178
Brian Jenkins	p. 178
Jessica Stern	p. 179
Wafa Sultan	p. 180
Why Workforce Breakdown Is Critical (by personality type, leadership style, and team role)	p. 182
Theory X and Theory Y	p. 182
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator	p. 183
Group Roles and Team Roles	p. 186
Low-Context and High-Context Communications	p. 188
Reactive versus Proactive Language	p. 189
Active Listening	p. 190
What to Avoid	p. 190
What We Achieve by Listening	p. 190
How to Listen	p. 190
What to Do	p. 190
The Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing Model	p. 191
Chapter Exercise	p. 194
Training and Exercises: Touch It, Feel It, Live It, Breathe It!	p. 197
Overview	p. 197
Benefits of Training	p. 198
Adult Learning	p. 199
Training Methods	p. 200
Crawl Walk Run Methodology	p. 203
Video Example for Training	p. 205
Another Show Solving a Problem	p. 205
Exercises	p. 206
Building an Exercise	p. 211
Other Key Factors	p. 211
How Often Should You Exercise?	p. 212
Training Evaluation	p. 213
Training Failures	p. 215
A Subjective Method for Calculating Return on Investment (ROI)	p. 216
You Can Deter But You Can't Interdict: Don't Cross the Line!	p. 219
Know Thy Limits	p. 219
Distinctions between Collecting information and Collecting Intelligence	p. 220
How to Avoid Botching Up an Investigation	p. 221
Stumbling across Evidence of a Crime: How to Preserve It and Relinquish It to Law Enforcement Agencies	p. 223
National Infrastructure Protection Plan - Table of Contents	p. 225
ASCE Report on Critical Infrastructure	p. 231
Bomb Threat Checklist	p. 239
Best Practices for Mail Center Security	p. 241
General Mail Operation Preventive Recommendation	p. 241
Employee Security Procedures	p. 242
General Safety and Security Procedures for Incoming-Outgoing Mail Areas	p. 243
Access to Information: Education and Communications	p. 244
Guidelines for Mail Center Theft Prevention	p. 245
FY07 National Incident Management System (NIMS) Training Guidelines	p. 247
Fact Sheet on Dirty Bombs	p. 249
Background	p. 249
Impact of a Dirty Bomb	p. 249
Protective Actions	p. 250
Sources of Radioactive Material	p. 250
Control of Radioactive Material	p. 251
Risk of Cancer	p. 251
Other Contact information	p. 252
Arab American Psychiatrist Wafa Sultan	p. 253
There Is No Clash of Civilizations But a Clash between the Mentality of the Middle Ages and That of the 21st Century	p. 253
Reference	p. 255
Homeland Security Exercise and Evaluation Program	p. 257
Index	p. 265
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