Household Use of Solid Fuels and High-temperature Frying

by World Health Organisation

• ISBN13: 9789283212959
• ISBN10: 9283212959
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2010-07-16
• Publisher: Stylus Pub Llc

Summary

This volume provides a first-time evaluation of the carcinogenicity of household solid fuel combustion (coal and biomass) and of high-temperature frying. About half of the world's population, mostly in low-resource and medium-resource countries, use solid fuels for cooking or heating, often in poorly ventilated spaces. In this volume, indoor emissions from household combustion of coal, and from household combustion of biomass fuel, as well as stir-frying, deep-frying, and pan-frying - all involving heating cooking oil to high temperatures - were evaluated by an IARC Monographs Working Group, reviewing epidemiological evidence, animal bioassays, and mechanistic and other relevant data to reach conclusions as to their carcinogenic hazard to humans.

Table of Contents

Note to the Reader	p. 1
List of Participants	p. 3
Preamble	p. 7
General Principles and Procedures	p. 9
Background	p. 9
Objective and scope	p. 10
Selection of agents for review	p. 12
Data for the Monographs	p. 12
Meeting participants	p. 13
Working procedures	p. 14
Scientific Review and Evaluation	p. 15
Exposure data	p. 16
Studies of cancer in humans	p. 18
Studies of cancer in experimental animals	p. 22
Mechanistic and other relevant data	p. 26
Summary	p. 30
Evaluation and rationale	p. 31
References	p. 36
General Remarks	p. 39
The Monographs	p. 41
Household use of solid fuels	p. 43
Exposure Data	p. 45
Description and determinants of use of household fuels	p. 45
Constituents of emissions	p. 56
Use and exposure	p. 70
Interventions and policies to reduce exposure	p. 126
References	p. 131
Studies of Cancer in Humans	p. 144
Coal	p. 144
Biomass fuel (wood, dung, kang use other than with coal)	p. 175
Mixed coal/biomass (coal and/or wood/dung/kang use)	p. 201
Proxies for indoor air pollution	p. 209
References	p. 220
Studies of Cancer in Experimental Animals	p. 225
Coal smoke and soots from household combustion of coal	p. 225
Wood smoke	p. 230
References	p. 234
Mechanistic and Other Relevant Data	p. 236
Toxicokinetics	p. 236
Mechanisms of carcinogenesis	p. 244
Genetic susceptibility	p. 272
Mechanistic considerations	p. 282
References	p. 283
Summary of Data Reported	p. 299
Exposure data	p. 299
Human carcinogenicity data	p. 301
Animal Carcinogenicity data	p. 303
Mechanistic and other relevant data	p. 304
Evaluation and Rationale	p. 307
Combustion of coal	p. 307
Combustion of biomass	p. 307
High-temperature frying	p. 309
Exposure Data	p. 311
Definition	p. 311
Constituents of cooking fumes	p. 311
Effect of different parameters of cooking on emissions	p. 318
Human exposure	p. 326
References	p. 333
Studies of Cancer in Humans	p. 337
Introduction	p. 337
Case-control studies	p. 342
Meta-analysis	p. 371
References	p. 372
Studies of Cancer in Experimental Animals	p. 374
Cooking oil fumes	p. 374
References	p. 374
Mechanistic and Other Relevant Data	p. 376
Toxicokinetics	p. 376
Mechanisms of carcinogenesis	p. 376
Genetic susceptibility	p. 385
Mechanistic considerations	p. 385
References	p. 385
Summary of Data Reported	p. 389
Exposure data	p. 389
Human carcinogenicity data	p. 389
Animal carcinogenicity data	p. 390
Mechanistic and other relevant data	p. 390
Evaluation and Rationale	p. 392
List of Abbreviations	p. 395
Cumulative Index to the Monographs Series	p. 397
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.