Human Communication Disorders: An Introduction

by Anderson, Noma B.; Shames, George H.

• ISBN13: 9780205456222
• ISBN10: 0205456227
• Edition: 7th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2006-01-01
• Publisher: Allyn & Bacon

Summary

This edition continues to explore the underlying nature of communication problems by explaining current theory and research and presenting the "nuts and bolts" of clinical therapy. The leading book on the market for introductory courses in communication disorders,Human Communication Disorders, Seventh Edition,covers a broad range of topics at a level of depth appropriate for students. Experts in speech-language pathology and audiology place disorders in perspective, define basic theories of causation, introduce identifying characteristics, and present an overview of procedures for evaluation and treatment. Coverage of cultural and linguistic diversity as well as evidence-based practice reflects trends in the discipline. This edition continues to ensure that beginning students receive a strong foundation in communication disorders. It also provides extensive coverage of topics ranging from craniofacial disorders to communication delays and disorders in young children from the personal perspectives by expert chapter authors. Case studies and study questions enhance the learning experience. Highlights of the new edition include: Fully updated information on the most recent research in the field; new chapters on genetics, literacy development and disorders, aural rehabilitation, dysphagia, and neurogenic speech disorders introduce students to these emerging areas of study; shorter chapters written at an undergraduate, exploratory level make the material easier for beginning students to digest.

Table of Contents

Preface	xv
Introduction: Human Communication Disorders: A Philosophy and Practice of Service	1	(21)
Noma B. Anderson
George H. Shames
Shelly Chabon
Personal Perspectives	2	(3)
Who Is Served?	5	(3)
What Services Are Provided?	8	(1)
Where Are Services Provided?	9	(1)
When Are Services Provided?	10	(1)
How Are Services Provided?	11	(2)
Why Serve?	13	(8)
Study Questions	21	(1)
PART ONE Basic Communication Process
Development of Communication, Language, and Speech	22	(37)
Robert E. Owens, Jr
Personal Perspective	23	(2)
Communication	25	(3)
Language	28	(20)
Speech	48	(9)
Summary	57	(1)
Study Questions	58	(1)
The Biology and Physics of Speech	59	(34)
Raymond D. Kent
Houri K. Vorperian
Personal Perspectives	60	(3)
The Anatomy and Physiology of Speech Production	63	(23)
The Acoustics of Speech	86	(5)
Summary	91	(1)
Study Questions	92	(1)
Multicultural Differences in Human Communication and Disorders	93	(33)
Kay T. Payne
Orlando L. Taylor
Personal Perspectives	94	(3)
Basic Concepts Related to Culture and Language	97	(6)
Varieties of American English	103	(6)
Language Differences and Communication Disorders	109	(14)
Summary	123	(1)
Study Questions	124	(1)
Selected Readings	124	(2)
Genetics: Basis for Development and Disorders	126	(23)
Lemmietta G. McNeilly
Personal Perspective	127	(1)
Case Study	128	(2)
Definition of Genetics versus Genomics	130	(2)
Inheritance Patterns	132	(2)
Genetic Testing	134	(3)
Genetic Counseling	137	(1)
Gene Therapy	137	(1)
Genomic Applications	138	(1)
Role of Genetics in Human Development	138	(1)
New Genetics	139	(1)
Human Genome	139	(2)
Human Genetic Variation and Health	141	(1)
Genetics and Communication Disorders	141	(1)
Social and Behavioral Research	142	(1)
Infusion of Genomics into Speech-Language Pathology	142	(2)
Ethical, Legal, and Cultural Implications	144	(2)
Summary	146	(1)
Case Study	147	(1)
Study Questions	147	(1)
Selected Readings	148	(1)
Websites of Interest	148	(1)
PART TWO Disorders of Speech
Articulatory and Phonological Disorders	149	(34)
Richard G. Schwartz
Personal Perspective	150	(3)
The Nature of Phonological Disorders	153	(3)
Determinants of Phonological Disorders	156	(6)
Assessment	162	(12)
Intervention	174	(6)
Summary	180	(1)
Case Study	180	(2)
Study Questions	182	(1)
Selected Readings	182	(1)
Websites of Interest	182	(1)
Stuttering and Other Disorders of Fluency	183	(39)
Peter R. Ramig
George H. Shames
Personal Perspectives	184	(3)
Types, Descriptions, and Definitions of Various Disfluency Types	187	(6)
Theories of Causation	193	(7)
Normal Disfluency	200	(1)
The Development of Stuttering	200	(3)
The Assessment Process	203	(4)
Therapy for Stuttering	207	(9)
Prevention	216	(1)
Case Study	217	(1)
Some Final Thoughts by a Prodigy of Stuttering	218	(1)
Summary	219	(2)
Study Questions	221	(1)
Projects	221	(1)
Selected Readings	221	(1)
Voice Disorders	222	(32)
Christine Sapienza
Douglas M. Hicks
Personal Perspectives	223	(2)
Description of Voice Disorders	225	(1)
Assessment	226	(3)
Defining Pitch, Loudness, Voice Quality, and Resonance	229	(2)
General Classification of Voice Problems	231	(2)
Trauma and Surgical Modification	233	(1)
Examples of Vocal Fold Pathologies	234	(5)
Collecting and Assessing the Data about the Voice	239	(1)
Intervention for Voice Disorders	240	(6)
Speech without a Larynx	246	(5)
Case Study	251	(1)
Prevention	252	(1)
Study Questions	253	(1)
Selected Readings	253	(1)
Websites of Interest	253	(1)
Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Disorders	254	(37)
Eileen Marrinan
Robert J. Shprintzen
Personal Perspectives	255	(1)
Case Study	256	(2)
Overt Cleft Lip and/or Palate	258	(3)
Submucous Cleft Palate	261	(2)
Occult Submucous Cleft Palate	263	(1)
Prevalence	263	(1)
Why Does Clefting Occur?	263	(1)
Normal Velopharyngeal Valving	263	(5)
Lymphoid Tissue and Speech	268	(1)
Adenoidal Involution	269	(1)
Goals of Surgical Repair	270	(1)
What Causes VPI?	271	(1)
Assessment of VPI and Hypernasality	272	(5)
Other Factors to Consider	277	(1)
Management of Velopharyngeal Incompetence	278	(1)
Disorders of Articulation	279	(1)
Deviant Articulatory Patterns	280	(1)
General Tips for a Successful Speech Therapy Program	280	(2)
Other Related Issues	282	(2)
Other Craniofacial Disorders	284	(5)
Importance of Team Care	289	(1)
Summary	290	(1)
Study Questions	290	(1)
Selected Readings	290	(1)
Neurogenic Disorders of Speech in Children and Adults	291	(34)
Bruce E. Murdoch
Kimberley M. Docking
Personal Perspectives	292	(2)
Definitions	294	(1)
Classification, Causes, and Characteristic Features of Neurogenic Speech Disorders	295	(14)
Assessment of Neurogenic Speech Disorders	309	(3)
Treatment of Acquired Neurogenic Speech Disorders	312	(6)
Treatment of Developmental Neurogenic Speech Disorders	318	(2)
Summary	320	(1)
Case Studies	320	(4)
Study Questions	324	(1)
Selected Readings	324	(1)
Websites of Interest	324	(1)
PART THREE Disorders of Language
Developmental Language Delay in Infancy and Early Childhood	325	(27)
Catherine K. Bacon
M. Jeanne Wilcox
Personal Perspectives	326	(2)
Introduction: Developmental Language Delay in Infancy and Early Childhood	328	(1)
Nature of Developmental Language Delay	329	(3)
Factors Underlying Developmental Language Delay	332	(9)
Identification of Developmental Language Delay	341	(4)
Approaches to Providing Services to Young Children with Communication Disorders	345	(2)
Summary	347	(1)
Case Studies	348	(2)
Study Questions	350	(1)
Selected Readings	350	(1)
Websites of Interest	351	(1)
Language Disabilities in School-Age Children and Youth	352	(34)
Barbara Culatta
Elisabeth H. Wiig
Personal Perspectives	353	(1)
Nature of School Language	354	(6)
Definition and Identification of Language Impairments	360	(2)
Types of Language Impairments	362	(11)
Assessment and Planning	373	(3)
Language and Literacy Intervention	376	(8)
Summary	384	(1)
Study Questions	385	(1)
Selected Readings	385	(1)
From Emergent Literacy to Literacy: Development and Disorders	386	(23)
Froma P. Roth
Personal Perspective	387	(1)
Historical Perspective	388	(1)
The Essential Elements of Literacy	389	(1)
Relationship between Oral Language and Literacy	389	(1)
Extrinsic Factors Contributing to Emergent Literacy	390	(3)
Aspects of Emergent Literacy	393	(6)
Children at Risk for Literacy Problems: Challenges for Success	399	(1)
Prevention, Assessment, and Intervention Processes	400	(6)
Summary	406	(1)
Case Study	407	(1)
Study Questions	408	(1)
Selected Readings	408	(1)
Websites of Interest	408	(1)
Aphasia and Related Acquired Language Disorders	409	(27)
Audrey L. Holland
Personal Perspective	410	(1)
Case Study	411	(2)
Aphasia and the Brain	413	(4)
Syndromes of Aphasia	417	(4)
Mechanisms of Aphasia	421	(1)
Bilingual and Multilingual Aphasia	422	(1)
The Person with Aphasia	423	(2)
The Natural Recovery Process in Aphasia	425	(1)
The Assisted Recovery Process in Aphasia	426	(4)
Related Disorders	430	(4)
Summary	434	(1)
Case Study	434	(1)
Study Questions	435	(1)
Selected Readings	435	(1)
Websites of Interest	435	(1)
Augmentative and Alternative Communication	436	(35)
Kathleen A. Kangas
Lyle L. Lloyd
Personal Perspectives	437	(2)
Potential Users of AAC	439	(1)
Categories of AAC	439	(1)
AAC Model	440	(12)
Reasons for AAC Success	452	(1)
Communicative Competence	453	(1)
Types of Impairments	454	(4)
Assessment	458	(2)
Intervention	460	(3)
Funding and Individual Rights	463	(1)
Outcomes Measurement and Evidence-Based Practice	464	(2)
Case Studies	466	(3)
Summary	469	(1)
Study Questions	469	(1)
Selected Readings	469	(1)
Websites of Interest	470	(1)
PART FOUR Disorders of Swallowing
Swallowing	471	(33)
Barbara C. Sonies
Personal Perspective	472	(1)
Cultural Competence and Swallowing	473	(1)
Normal Swallowing	474	(5)
Neurology of the Swallow	479	(3)
Swallowing and Normal Aging	482	(3)
Abnormal Swallowing	485	(7)
Diagnosis	492	(3)
Signs and Symptoms	495	(1)
Instrumental Diagnostic Procedures	495	(2)
Evidence-Based Treatment	497	(1)
Compensatory Treatment Procedures	498	(4)
Case Study	502	(2)
PART FIVE Disorders of Hearing
Hearing and Hearing Disorders	504	(34)
Frederick N. Martin
Bart E. Noble
Personal Perspectives	505	(3)
The Nature of Sound	508	(3)
Disorders of Hearing	511	(7)
The Measurement of Hearing	518	(9)
Types of Hearing Loss	527	(3)
Implications of Hearing Loss	530	(2)
Remediation	532	(2)
Summary	534	(1)
Case Studies	534	(3)
Study Questions	537	(1)
Selected Readings	537	(1)
Audiologic Rehabilitation	538	(27)
Alice E. Holmes
C. Nicole Thomas
Personal Perspectives	539	(2)
Amplification Devices	541	(5)
Counseling	546	(1)
Assistive Listening Devices	547	(4)
Therapy Approaches for the Hearing Impaired	551	(7)
Outcome Measures	558	(3)
Summary	561	(1)
Case Studies	562	(1)
Study Questions	563	(1)
Suggested Readings	563	(2)
Glossary	565	(10)
References	575	(36)
Author Index	611	(8)
Subject Index	619