Human Dimension and Interior Space : A Source Book of Design Reference Standards

by PANERO, JULIUSZELNIK, MARTIN

• ISBN13: 9780823072712
• ISBN10: 0823072711
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1979-11-01
• Publisher: INGRAM

Summary

The study of human body measurements on a comparative basis is known as anthropometrics. Its applicability to the design process is seen in the physical fit, or interface, between the human body and the various components of interior space. Human Dimension and Interior Spaceis the first major anthropometrically based reference book of design standards for use by all those involved with the physical planning and detailing of interiors, including interior designers, architects, furniture designers, builders, industrial designers, and students of design. The use of anthropometric data, although no substitute for good design or sound professional judgment should be viewed as one of the many tools required in the design process. This comprehensive overview of anthropometrics consists of three parts. The first part deals with the theory and application of anthropometrics and includes a special section dealing with physically disabled and elderly people. It provides the designer with the fundamentals of anthropometrics and a basic understanding of how interior design standards are established. The second part contains easy-to-read, illustrated anthropometric tables, which provide the most current data available on human body size, organized by age and percentile groupings. Also included is data relative to the range of joint motion and body sizes of children. The third part contains hundreds of dimensioned drawings, illustrating in plan and section the proper anthropometrically based relationship between user and space. The types of spaces range from residential and commercial to recreational and institutional, and all dimensions include metric conversions. In the Epilogue, the authors challenge the interior design profession, the building industry, and the furniture manufacturer to seriously explore the problem of adjustability in design. They expose the fallacy of designing to accommodate the so-called average man, who, in fact, does not exist. Using government data, including studies prepared by Dr. Howard Stoudt, Dr. Albert Damon, and Dr. Ross McFarland, formerly of the Harvard School of Public Health, and Jean Roberts of the U.S. Public Health Service, Panero and Zelnik have devised a system of interior design reference standards, easily understood through a series of charts and situation drawings. WithHuman Dimension and Interior Space, these standards are now accessible to all designers of interior environments.

Author Biography

Julius Panero, AIA, ASID, is a practicing architect, interior designer, and an associate professor of interior design at the Fashion Institute of Technology (FIT) in New York. He has taught interior design for the last twenty years and was the former chairperson of the Interior Design department at FIT. A graduate of Pratt Institute, where he received a bachelor of architecture's degree, and Columbia University, where he received a master of science degree in urban planning, Panero is a member of the American Institute of Architects, the American Society of Interior Designers, and a fellow of the Royal Society of the Arts, London. Licensed to practice architecture in New York, Panero is a principal in the consulting firm of Panero Zelnik Associates, Architects/Interior Designers. He is also the author of Anatomy for Interior Designers and a contributing author to Time-Saver Standards. Martin Zelnik, AIA, ASID, NCARB, is a practicing architect, interior designer, and an assistant professor of interior design at the Fashion Institute of Technology in New York, where he has taught interior design for the last ten years. A graduate of Brandeis University, where he received a bachelor of fine arts degree, and Columbia University, where he earned a master of architecture degree, Zelnik is a member of the American Institute of Architects, the New York Society of Architects, the Interior Design Educators Council, and the American Society of Interior Designers. A special consultant to the National Council of Interior Design Qualification, Zelnick is a principal in the New York consulting firm of Panero Zelnik Associates, Architects/Interior Designers.

Table of Contents

Foreword	8	(2)
Acknowledgments	10	(2)
Preface	12	(3)
Introduction	15	(6)
A. HUMAN DIMENSION/ANTHROPOMETRICS	21	(48)
Anthropometric Theory	23	(14)
Anthropometry	23	(3)
Sources of Data	26	(1)
Type of Data	27	(4)
Presentation of Data	31	(3)
Percentiles	34	(2)
Variability and Reliability	36	(1)
Anthropometric Data/Application	37	(10)
Appropriateness	37	(1)
``Average Man'' Fallacy	37	(1)
Reach, Clearance, and Adjustability	38	(1)
The Hidden Dimensions	38	(2)
People in Motion	40	(3)
Range of Joint Motion	43	(2)
Restraints	45	(2)
Elderly and Physically Disabled People	47	(22)
Elderly People	47	(3)
Physically Disabled People	50	(1)
Chairbound People	50	(5)
Ambulant Disabled People	55	(2)
The Dynamics of Seating	57	(3)
Anthropometric Considerations	60	(1)
Seat Height	60	(3)
Seat Depth	63	(2)
Backrest	65	(1)
Armrests	66	(1)
Cushioning	67	(2)
B. HUMAN DIMENSION/ANTHROPOMETRIC TABLES	69	(52)
Metrological Analysis	73	(10)
Adult Male and Female/Structural Body Dimensions	83	(14)
Adult Male and Female/Miscellaneous Structural Body Dimensions	97	(2)
Adult Male and Female/Functional Body Dimensions	99	(2)
Adult Male and Female/Projected 1985 Body Dimensions	101	(2)
Adult Male Working Positions	103	(2)
Children Ages 6 to 11/Weight and Structural Body Dimensions	105	(6)
Adult Male Head, Face, Hand, and Foot Dimensions	111	(2)
Joint Motion	113	(8)
C. INTERIOR SPACE/BASIC DESIGN REFERENCE STANDARDS	121	(178)
Seating	125	(6)
Residential Spaces	131	(38)
Living Spaces	133	(6)
Dining Spaces	139	(10)
Cooking Spaces	149	(8)
Sleeping Spaces	157	(6)
Bathrooms	163	(6)
Office Spaces	169	(26)
The Private Office	171	(4)
The General Office	175	(12)
Reception Spaces	187	(4)
Conference Rooms	191	(4)
Mercantile Spaces	195	(18)
Retail Spaces	197	(8)
Food Stores	205	(4)
Hair Styling	209	(4)
Eating and Drinking Spaces	213	(18)
Bars	215	(4)
Food Counters	219	(4)
Dining Spaces	223	(8)
Health Care Spaces	231	(16)
Medical Treatment Rooms	233	(4)
Dental Treatment Rooms	237	(4)
Hospital Rooms	241	(6)
Leisure and Recreational Spaces	247	(16)
Exercise Areas	249	(6)
Sports and Games	255	(4)
Work and Craft Centers	259	(4)
Public Spaces	263	(20)
Horizontal Circulation Spaces	265	(6)
Vertical Circulation Spaces	271	(4)
Public Bathrooms	275	(4)
Public Convenience Facilities	279	(4)
Audiovisual Spaces	283	(16)
Basics	285	(4)
Workstation Displays	289	(4)
Displays for Group Viewing	293	(6)
D. EPILOGUE	299	(10)
E. APPENDIX	309	(2)
Notes	311	(2)
Glossary	313	(2)
Anthropometric Data/Sources	315	(1)
Selected Bibliography	316	(2)
Index	318