Human Papillomavirus Infections

by Cobo

• ISBN13: 9781907568749
• ISBN10: 1907568743
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2012-07-27
• Publisher: ELSEVIER SCIENCE

Summary

This book provides readers with a discussion of the current state of the art and an overview of this infection, which is one of the most common causes of sexually transmitted diseases worldwide, both in men and women. This handbook provides the scientific background needed to understand the natural history and pathogenesis of this important infection. The text is composed of chapters that explore the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of HPV infections. Also, the book provides a special section focused on the new vaccines recently introduced, their efficacy, their application worldwide and, above all, the new epidemiological perspectives for this infection in the future after the application of the vaccines.

Author Biography

Dr Fernando Cobo is a specialist in microbiology working in the Microbiology Department of the Hospital de Poniente, Spain, and has previously worked at the University Hospital Virgen de las Nievas and the Stem Cell Bank of Andalucia. He is a member of several professional societies including the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, and has published over 50 peer-reviewed journal articles, 10 books, 90 book chapters, and 120 national and international conference papers.

Table of Contents

List of figures and tables	p. xiii
List of abbreviations	p. xv
Preface	p. xvii
About the author	p. xix
Introduction and epidemiological data	p. 1
Data about general epidemiology	p. 1
HPV types and their relationship with human diseases	p. 2
HPV and its relationship with cancer	p. 5
Epidemiology of HPV in men	p. 10
Basic virology: structure and nomenclature	p. 15
HPV nomenclature	p. 15
HPV structure	p. 16
Classification: types, subtypes and variants	p. 18
Type	p. 19
Subtype	p. 20
Variants	p. 21
Function of viral proteins	p. 21
E1	p. 21
E2	p. 22
E4	p. 22
E5	p. 23
E6	p. 23
E7	p. 23
L1 and L2	p. 23
Natural history and transmission: anatomic distribution	p. 27
Methods of transmission of HPV infections	p. 28
Natural history of HPV infection	p. 29
Latent and persistent HPV infections	p. 31
Pathogenesis and clinical features	p. 37
Pathogenesis	p. 37
HPV life cycle	p. 38
Interaction of HPV proteins and cell factors	p. 39
Immortalization of infected cells	p. 44
Clinical features	p. 47
Warts	p. 47
Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (Lewandowsky-Lutz disease)	p. 49
Bowen's disease	p. 50
Focal epithelial hyperplasia	p. 50
Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis	p. 51
The oral cavity	p. 52
Malignant diseases	p. 52
HPV infection and association with cancer	p. 57
The relationship between HPV and cancer	p. 57
HPV and cervical cancer	p. 58
HPV and other types of anogenital cancers	p. 59
HPV and head and neck cancers	p. 61
Diagnosis of HPV infection	p. 65
Methods of specimen collection	p. 67
Conventional and monolayer cytology	p. 69
Histopathology	p. 71
HPV nucleic acid detection	p. 72
DNA hybridization	p. 72
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR): type-specific and general primers	p. 73
Capture of RNA-DNA hybrids: liquid hybridization	p. 76
HPV mRNA detection	p. 79
Microarrays (DNA chips)	p. 80
Serological assays	p. 80
Diagnostic utility of P16INK4a	p. 81
Evaluation of DNA testing and HPV mRNA with liquid-based cytology	p. 82
Clinical utility of HPV testing	p. 87
Screening programmes for cervical cancer diagnosis	p. 87
Strategies for the management of HPV infection and risk of cancer	p. 88
Treatment	p. 99
Treatment of benign lesions	p. 99
Treatment of precancerous lesions	p. 103
Treatment of cancer	p. 103
Prevention: HPV vaccines	p. 107
HPV vaccine types	p. 108
Composition	p. 108
Dose and administration	p. 110
Immunogenicity and efficacy	p. 111
Safety and adverse events	p. 115
Impact on vaccination and cost effectiveness	p. 119
Recommendations for the use of HPV vaccines	p. 120
Recommendations for routine use	p. 120
Vaccination in special populations	p. 122
Precautions and contraindications	p. 123
HPV vaccine acceptance and licensure status	p. 124
Areas for research in HPV vaccines	p. 128
Therapeutic vaccines	p. 130
The vaccination experience worldwide	p. 133
Index	p. 145
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.