Human Performance, Situation Awareness, and Automation: Current Research and Trends HPSAA II, Volumes I and II

by Vincenzi; Dennis A.

• ISBN13: 9780805853414
• ISBN10: 0805853413
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2004-07-06
• Publisher: Lawrence Erlbau

Summary

In 2000, the Conference on Automation joined forces with a partner group on situation awareness (SA). The rising complexity of systems demands that one can be aware of a large range of environmental and task-based stimulation in order to match what is done with what has to be done. Thus, SA and automation-based interaction fall naturally together and this conference is the second embodiment of this union. Moving into the 21st century, further diversification of the applications of automation will continue--for example, the revolution in genetic technology. Given the broad nature of this form of human-machine interaction, it is vital to apply past lessons to map a future for the symbiotic relationship between humans and the artifacts they create. It is as part of this ongoing endeavor that the present volume is offered.

Table of Contents

Foreword	p. iii
Acknowledgements	p. v
Conference Keynote Address
Ou sont les neiges d'antan? ("Where are the snows of yesteryear?". Francois Villon. 1450.)	p. 1
Technical Papers
Situation Awareness
Situation Awareness: An Actor Network Theory Perspective	p. 33
Situation Awareness: The Abstraction Hierarchy and the Design of User Interfaces of Command and Control Decision Support Systems	p. 39
Situation Awareness in Military Command and Control (C4i) Systems: The Development of a Tool to Measure SA in Military Command and Control Systems and Battlefield Environments. Stage 1: SA Methods Review	p. 44
Intention-Represented Ecological Interface Design for Supporting Collaboration with Automation: Situation Awareness and Control in Inexperienced Scenarios	p. 49
Integrating SAGAT into Human Performance Models	p. 56
Spatial Audio Display Concepts Supporting Situation Awareness for Operators of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles	p. 61
Cockpit System Situational Awareness Modeling Tool	p. 66
Development of a Metric for Collaborative Situation Awareness	p. 72
Measuring and Predicting SA in C4i: Development and Testing of a Refined SA Measurement Technique, and a New Concept for SA Prediction	p. 78
Toward a Theory of Agent-Based Systemic Situational Awareness	p. 83
Dynamic Monitoring of Traffic Flow: The Driver's Situation Awareness	p. 88
Situational Awareness and Usability with an Automated Task Management System	p. 93
The Global Implicit Measure (GIM): Concept and Experience	p. 97
Long-Cycle, Distributed Situation Awareness and the Avoidance of Disasters	p. 103
Applying Situation Awareness Theory to Observer/Trainers for the Joint Task Force	p. 107
Collaboration Tools for the Army's Future Force	p. 112
Evaluation of Tunnel Concepts for Advanced Aviation Displays	p. 117
Design Concepts for Distributed Work Systems: One Brigade's Approach to Building Team Mental Models	p. 124
Increasing Situation Awareness of Dismounted Soldiers via Directional Cueing	p. 130
Assessing the Impact of a New Air Traffic Control Instruction on Flight Crew Activity	p. 133
Accommodating NAS User Goals and Constraints: Choreographed Responses to Weather Events at Arrival Airports	p. 138
Evaluation of an Onboard Taxi Guidance System	p. 143
Why System-Integration Training Matters in Network Centric Operations	p. 150
Supporting Intelligence Analysis with Contextual Visualization	p. 152
Measuring Simulation Fidelity: A Conceptual Study	p. 160
Human Factors and Situational Awareness Issues in Fratricidal Air-to-Ground Attacks	p. 166
Air Traffic Control
An Interpolation Method for Rating Severity of Runway Incursions	p. 173
Interactions Between Convergence Angle, Traffic Load and Altitude Distribution in Air Traffic Control	p. 180
Air Traffic Controller Performance: Constructs and Concepts Can Be Confusing	p. 186
Use of Decision Support Tools to Assist ATC Traffic Management Coordinators in Airport Surface Management	p. 190
On the Use of Transparent Rear Projection Screens to Reduce Head-down Time in the Air Traffic Control Tower	p. 195
Implementing Voice and Datalink Commands Under Task Interference During Simulated Flight	p. 201
Toward a Non-Linear Approach to Modeling Air Traffic Complexity	p. 207
A Computational Model for Use in the Assessment of the Impact and Consequential Changes of Shifts in Pilots' Authority During Applications of Airborne Separation Assistance	p. 214
Stress, Workload and Fatigue
Pilot Workload Prediction: NUmber of Display ElementS (NUDES) as a Workload Predictor	p. 220
Measurement of Stress and Mental Activity Among Maritime Crewmembers	p. 226
The Peacekeeper: How the Role of the Modern Soldier Has Changed and How that Affects Workload	p. 231
Moderating Effects of Team Role on Workload Demands of Teams	p. 235
Using a Chat Interface as an Embedded Secondary Tasking Tool	p. 240
Evaluating the Effect of Fatigue on Cognitive and Visual/Perceptual Performance at the Beginning and End of Each Shift in a 12-hour/5-day Rotating Workweek	p. 245
Affect as an Aspect of Workload: Why and How to Address Affect in Automation and Simulation Studies	p. 249
Toward the Perfect Operation of Complex Systems	p. 253
Demand Transitions in Vigilance: Effects on Performance Efficiency and Stress	p. 258
Decision Making
Decision Quality and Mission Effectiveness in a Simulated Command and Control Environment	p. 264
From Chess to Chancellorsville: Measuring Decision Quality in Military Commanders	p. 269
Methodologies for Evaluating Decision Quality	p. 274
Characterizing Decision Making in Network-Centric Command and Control Applications: Implications of Psychological Research	p. 279
The Investigation of Decision Errors in Aviation Mishaps by Applying the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS)	p. 283
Decision Support for Decision Superiority: Control Strategies for Multiple UAV's	p. 290
Driver Performance and Distraction
Assessing the Effects of Driver Sleepiness on Driving Performance Using Combined Electrophysiological Monitoring and Real-Time Computerized Driving Simulation: Normative Daytime Circadian Data	p. 296
Older Drivers' Reported Perceptual Loss Correlates with a Decrease in Peripheral Motion Sensitivity	p. 302
Cross-Cultural Analysis of Navigational Strategy: Further Implications for IRANS Design	p. 310
Aging and Driving, Part I: Implications of Perceptual and Physical Changes	p. 315
Aging and Driving II: Implications of Cognitive Changes	p. 320
Technical Papers
Automation and Human Performance
Human Requirements in Automated Weapons Systems	p. 2
The Adaptive Operator	p. 7
Overtrust Due To Unintended Use of Automation	p. 11
Event Rate Changes and Monitoring Performance Using a Biocybernetic Adaptive System	p. 17
Task Dependencies in Stage-Based Examinations of the Effects of Unreliable Automation	p. 23
Automation in Consumer Software: New Domain, Same Issues	p. 28
Information Sharing, Trust and Reliance: A Dynamic Model of Multi-Operator Multi-Automation Interaction	p. 34
Alarm Mistrust with Signal Duration as a Cue for Alarm Validity	p. 40
Effects of Varying the Threshold of Alarm Systems on Human Performance	p. 44
The Effects of Levels of Automation in the Human Control of Multiple Robots in the RoboFlag Simulation Environment	p. 48
Considering Subjective Trust and Monitoring Behavior in Assessing Automation-Induced "Complacency"	p. 54
A "Distance"-Based Concept of Automation for Human-Robot Interaction	p. 60
Toward an Augmented Cockpit	p. 65
The Day God Failed or Overtrust in Automation	p. 70
When Every minute Counts, All Automatic External Defibrillators are Not Created Equal	p. 76
Individual and Team Performance
From the Perceptual to the Organizational: How Can the Science of Expertise Better Inform the Practice of Human Performance?	p. 83
Effects of Cognitive Functioning on Strategic System Engineering	p. 92
Human Factors in Aviation: Determining the cause of accidents from a system perspective	p. 97
The Impact of Teamwork Skills Training on Cadet Leadership and Unit Cohesion: An Examination of Military Team Performance	p. 102
Adaptive Multimodal Interfaces in Training and Operational Environments	p. 107
The Effects of Viewing Medium on Depth Perception in Human Performance of a Telerobotic Manipulation Task	p. 112
Human Performance in Extreme Environments: From the Battlefield to the Final Frontier	p. 118
Supporting Drivers' Area-Learning Task with Visual Geo-Centered and Auditory Ego-Centered Guidance: Interference or Improved Performance?	p. 124
Human Performance of a Telerobotic Manipulation Task as a Function of Viewing Distance in Monoscopic and Stereoscopic Viewing Conditions	p. 130
Enhancing Team Training and Performance with the Development of Human Centered Performance Assessment Tools	p. 137
Displays
Quantification of Visual Clutter Using a Computational Model of Human Perception: An Application for Head-up Displays	p. 143
Effects of Head-up Display Airspeed Indicator and Altimeter Formats on Pilot Scanning and Attention Switching	p. 149
Synthetic Vision System Display Guidance, Integration, and Visibility Effects on Flightpath Tracking, Situation Awareness and Mental Workload	p. 154
Relative Height in 3-D Aircraft Displays	p. 159
Approach for Designing an Integrated Air Traffic Control Workstation Around the Needs of Controllers	p. 165
Aviation Safety Benefits of NASA Synthetic Vision Displays: Low Visibility Loss-of-Control, Runway Incursion Detection, and CFIT Experiments	p. 169
A Comparison of Auditory and Visual In-Vehicle Information Displays	p. 175
Non-motion Flight Simulation Development of Slow flight and Stall Tasks for Use in Ab Initio Flight Training	p. 180
Why Are Routine Flight Operations Killing Pilots and Their Passengers?	p. 185
Design of Learning Environments for Complex System Architectures: Expanding the "keyhole" via Dual-Mode Theory	p. 189
Military Training and Simulation for the Nintendo Generation	p. 195
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Intelligent Systems
Psychophysiologically Determined Adaptive Aiding in a Simulated UCAV Task	p. 200
Automation Reliability in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Flight Control	p. 205
A "Playbook" for Variable Autonomy Control of Multiple Heterogeneous Unmanned Air Vehicles	p. 210
Intelligent Agent Saves Lives	p. 215
Exploring Automation Issues in Supervisory Control of Multiple UAV's	p. 218
Military Applications
Integrating Context for Information Fusion: Automating Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield	p. 224
An Evaluation of Speech Recognition Technology in a Simulated Air Battle Management Task	p. 230
A Qualitative Redefining of Military Utility in Term of Human Factors	p. 236
A Human Performance Model of Driving Ground Vehicles	p. 242
3-Dimensional Enhancements for Visualizing Lane Navigation Performance	p. 248
Design and Evaluation of a Visualization Aid for Stability and Support Operations	p. 253
What Personality Characteristics Do Digitally Competent Soldiers Have in Common?	p. 259
Personality Theory and Human Factors Research	p. 261
Initial Experiments on Leader Presence and Communication Mode on Combat Performance	p. 266
Potpourri
Recognition and Response Time for Non-Verbal Cross-Cultural Communication	p. 273
Can Regulation Work? Understanding the Consequences of Forced Compliance in Human Factors Regulation	p. 278
The Effect of Olfaction on Immersion into Virtual Environments	p. 282
Human Factors of Intelligence Analysis	p. 286
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