Human-Centered Visualization Environments

by Kerren, Andreas; Ebert, Achim; Meyer, Jorg

• ISBN13: 9783540719489
• ISBN10: 3540719482
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2007-08-03
• Publisher: Springer-Verlag New York Inc

Summary

This tutorial book presents an augmented selection of the material presented at the GI-Dagstuhl Research Seminar on Human-Centered Visualization Environments, HCVE 2006, held in Dagstuhl Castle, Germany in March 2006. The 8 tutorial lectures presented are the thoroughly cross-reviewed and revised versions of the summaries and findings, presented and discussed at the seminar. After an introduction to human-centered visualization environments the fundamental principles and methods in that area are shown such as human-centered aspects, interacting with visualizations, visual representations, as well as challenges and unsolved problems. The book is concluded with lectures on domain-specific visualization describing geographic visualization, algorithm animation, and biomedical information visualization.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. V
List of Contributors	p. VII
Introduction to Human-Centered Visualization Environments	p. 1
Fundamental Principles and Methods
Human-Centered Aspects	p. 13
Human-Centered Approach	p. 13
Usability in Human-Centered Design	p. 14
Defining Usability	p. 15
Evaluating Usability	p. 20
Improving Usability	p. 20
Usability and Information Overload	p. 24
User Aims and Requirements	p. 28
Characteristics of Good Visualizations and User Interfaces	p. 29
Essential Elements of Successful Visualization	p. 30
Dimensions in Visualization	p. 31
Steps in Visualization Design	p. 32
The Design Cycle	p. 33
User Analysis	p. 34
User Requirements	p. 42
Task Analysis	p. 43
Task Modeling	p. 48
Designing for and with Users	p. 50
Evaluation of Visualization Environments	p. 52
Human-Centered Evaluation in Visualization Practice	p. 52
Evaluation Methods	p. 56
Designing Experiments	p. 59
Challenges in Evaluation of Collaborative Visualization Environments	p. 64
User Studies and a Science of Visualization	p. 66
Survey of Information Visualization Studies	p. 66
The Future of User Studies	p. 71
Chapter Notes	p. 74
Interacting with Visualizations	p. 77
Interaction	p. 77
Describing Interaction	p. 78
Defining Interaction	p. 83
Influences of Display Technologies	p. 85
Survey of Display Technologies	p. 86
Scales of Interaction	p. 88
Display Interaction Modalities and Media	p. 91
Interfaces and Usability for Novel Displays	p. 97
Display Device Challenges in Visualization	p. 102
Multimodal Interaction	p. 103
Unimodality Versus Multimodality	p. 105
Issues to Deal with in Multimodal Interaction	p. 108
Myths of Multimodality	p. 110
Survey of Enabling Technologies	p. 111
Overview of Approaches to Multimodal Interaction	p. 124
Enabling Multimodal Interaction	p. 131
Visualizations in Multi-party Environments	p. 132
Collaborating with Visualizations	p. 133
Models for Distributed Collaborative Visualization	p. 137
Evaluation Criteria	p. 144
Survey of Collaborative Visualization Systems	p. 146
Challenges for Multi-party Visualizations	p. 159
Chapter Notes	p. 160
Visual Representations	p. 163
Perceptual and Cognitive Issues	p. 164
The Visualization Process	p. 164
Types of Data	p. 165
Preattentive Processing	p. 166
Information Visualization Criteria and Metaphors	p. 170
Information Visualization Criteria	p. 171
Metaphors	p. 173
Multivariate Visualization Techniques	p. 177
Low-Dimensional Data Visualization	p. 177
Multidimensional Data Visualization	p. 180
Usability Issues on Multidimensional Data Visualization	p. 188
Graphs and Trees	p. 189
Applications	p. 190
Background	p. 190
Aesthetics vs. Graph Readability	p. 194
Layout vs. Graph Readability	p. 200
Large Graphs	p. 212
Integrated Graph Drawing	p. 219
Labeling of Graphs	p. 221
Multiple Views	p. 224
Classification	p. 224
The Design of Multiple Views	p. 227
Interaction	p. 228
Comparison with Integrated Views	p. 228
Chapter Notes	p. 229
Challenges and Unsolved Problems	p. 231
Classification of Future Challenges and Unsolved Problems in Human-Centered Visualization	p. 233
Human-Centered Challenges	p. 234
Technical Challenges	p. 243
Financial Challenges	p. 249
Chapter Notes	p. 252
Domain-Specific Visualization
Geographic Visualization	p. 257
Goals of Geovisualization	p. 258
Driving Forces of Geovisualization	p. 259
Cognitive Aspects	p. 261
Visual Thinking	p. 261
Graphic Variables	p. 263
Visualization Methods and Techniques	p. 264
Geospatial Data	p. 264
2D Cartographic Visualization	p. 265
3D Cartographic Visualization	p. 267
Visual Data Mining Tools	p. 268
Animation	p. 271
Spatio-Temporal Visualization	p. 273
Interactive User Interfaces	p. 276
Combining Visual and Computational Exploration	p. 280
Geovisualization Tools	p. 283
Usability of Geovisualization Systems	p. 285
Involving Users in the Design of Geovisualizations	p. 286
Results from User Studies	p. 287
Geovisualization to Support Group Work	p. 290
Chapter Notes	p. 293
Algorithm Animation	p. 295
Overview	p. 296
Users of Algorithm Animation	p. 297
Taxonomies for Algorithm Animation Tools	p. 298
Review of Tools and Their Evaluations	p. 301
Concept Keyboards for Algorithm Visualization	p. 301
Matrix and MatrixPro	p. 302
Alvis and Alvis Live!	p. 303
Alice	p. 304
Jeliot 3/Jeliot 2000	p. 304
JHAVE	p. 306
WinHipe	p. 307
User Studies Compilation	p. 308
Chapter Notes	p. 308
Biomedical Information Visualization	p. 311
Phylogenetic Tree Visualization	p. 312
Small Trees - Working in Euclidean Space	p. 312
Large Trees - Using Focus and Context	p. 314
Very Large Trees - Hyperbolic 3D Space	p. 315
Discussion and Further Reading	p. 316
Sequence Alignment	p. 316
Sequence Logos	p. 317
Editing and Visualizing Sequence Alignment: Jalview	p. 319
Vista: Online Visualization of DNA Alignment	p. 320
Sequence Walkers	p. 321
Dot Plots	p. 322
Arc Diagrams	p. 323
Discussion and Further Reading	p. 324
Biochemical Network Analysis	p. 325
Cytoscape	p. 325
Biochemical Pathway Analysis	p. 326
Layout for Large Biochemical Networks: LGL	p. 329
Discussion and Further Reading	p. 330
Microarray Data Visualization	p. 331
Tree View	p. 331
Hierarchical Clustering Explorer	p. 333
Evaluation of Microarray Visualization Tools	p. 334
Medical Records Visualization	p. 335
LifeLines: Visualizing Patient Temporal Data	p. 336
The Cube: Multidimensional Analysis of Medical Records	p. 336
Visualizing Medical Practice Guidelines and Protocols	p. 338
Chapter Notes	p. 339
Bibliography	p. 343
Author Index	p. 395
Index	p. 397
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