Hydraulics of Open Channel Flow

by Chanson

• ISBN13: 9780750659789
• ISBN10: 0750659785
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2004-07-01
• Publisher: Elsevier Science

Summary

Since the publication of its first edition in 1999, 'The Hydraulics of Open Channel Flow' has been praised by professionals, academics, students and researchers alike as the most practical modern textbook on open channel flow available. This new edition includes substantial new material on hydraulic modelling, in particular addressing unsteady open channel flows. There are also many new exercises and projects, including a major new revision assignment. This innovative textbook contains numerous examples and practical applications, and is fully illustrated with both colour and black and white photographs. Dr Chanson introduces the basic principles of open channel flow and takes readers through the key topics of sediment transport, hydraulic modelling and the design of hydraulic structures.

Table of Contents

Preface to the first edition	xi
Preface to the second edition	xiii
Acknowledgements	xvi
About the author	xviii
Dedication	xix
Glossary	xx
List of symbols	xxxix
Part 1 Basic Principles of Open Channel Flows	1	(140)
Introduction	3	(6)
Presentation	3	(1)
Fluid properties	3	(1)
Static fluids	4	(2)
Open channel flow	6	(2)
Exercises	8	(1)
Fundamental equations	9	(12)
Introduction	9	(1)
The fundamental equations	9	(10)
Exercises	19	(2)
Applications of the Bernoulli equation to open channel flows	21	(29)
Introduction	21	(1)
Application of the Bernoulli equation -- specific energy	21	(16)
Froude number	37	(7)
Properties of common open-channel shapes	44	(2)
Exercises	46	(4)
Applications of the momentum principle: hydraulic jump, surge and flow resistance in open channels	50	(44)
Momentum principle and application	50	(3)
Hydraulic jump	53	(11)
Surges and bores	64	(5)
Flow resistance in open channels	69	(12)
Flow resistance calculations in engineering practice	81	(6)
Exercises	87	(7)
Uniform flows and gradually varied flows	94	(47)
Uniform flows	94	(6)
Non-uniform flows	100	(8)
Exercises	108	(3)
Part I Revision exercises	111	(8)
Revision exercise No. 1	111	(1)
Revision exercise No. 2	112	(1)
Revision exercise No. 3	113	(1)
Revision exercise No. 4	113	(1)
Revision exercise No. 5	114	(1)
Revision exercise No. 6	115	(1)
Revision exercise No. 7	116	(1)
Revision exercise No. 8	116	(1)
Revision exercise No. 9	117	(2)
Appendices to Part 1	119	(22)
Constants and fluid properties	119	(4)
Unit conversions	123	(2)
Mathematics	125	(13)
Alternate depths in open channel flow	138	(3)
Part 2 Introduction to Sediment Transport in Open Channels	141	(106)
Introduction to sediment transport in open channels	143	(8)
Introduction	143	(1)
Significance of sediment transport	143	(5)
Terminology	148	(1)
Structure of this section	149	(1)
Exercises	150	(1)
Sediment transport and sediment properties	151	(18)
Basic concepts	151	(4)
Physical properties of sediments	155	(4)
Particle fall velocity	159	(6)
Angle of repose	165	(1)
Laboratory measurements	166	(1)
Exercises	166	(3)
Inception of sediment motion -- occurrence of bed load motion	169	(14)
Introduction	169	(1)
Hydraulics of alluvial streams	169	(6)
Threshold of sediment bed motion	175	(7)
Exercises	182	(1)
Inception of suspended-load motion	183	(5)
Presentation	183	(1)
Initiation of suspension and critical bed shear stress	183	(2)
Onset of hyperconcentrated flow	185	(2)
Exercises	187	(1)
Sediment transport mechanisms: Bed-load transport	188	(16)
Introduction	188	(3)
Empirical correlations of bed-load transport rate	191	(2)
Bed-load calculations	193	(3)
Applications	196	(6)
Exercises	202	(2)
Sediment transport mechanisms: Suspended-load transport	204	(14)
Introduction	204	(2)
Advective diffusion of sediment suspension	206	(3)
Suspended-sediment transport rate	209	(5)
Hyperconcentrated suspension flows	214	(2)
Exercises	216	(2)
Sediment transport capacity and total sediment transport	218	(29)
Introduction	218	(1)
Total sediment transport rate (sediment transport capacity)	218	(2)
Erosion, accretion and sediment bed motion	220	(6)
Sediment transport in alluvial channels	226	(6)
Applications	232	(6)
Exercises	238	(1)
Part 2 Revision exercises	239	(2)
Revision exercise No. 1	239	(1)
Revision exercise No. 2	239	(1)
Revision exercise No. 3	239	(1)
Revision exercise No. 4	239	(1)
Revision exercise No. 5	240	(1)
Appendix to Part 2	241	(6)
Some examples of reservoir sedimentation	241	(6)
Part 3 Hydraulic Modelling	247	(140)
Summary of basic hydraulic principles	249	(4)
Introduction	249	(1)
Basic principles	249	(2)
Flow resistance	251	(2)
Physical modelling of hydraulics	253	(22)
Introduction	253	(1)
Basic principles	254	(2)
Dimensional analysis	256	(6)
Modelling fully enclosed flows	262	(2)
Modelling free-surface flows	264	(4)
Design of physical models	268	(1)
Summary	269	(1)
Exercises	270	(5)
Numerical modelling of steady open channel flows: backwater computations	275	(15)
Introduction	275	(1)
Basic equations	275	(4)
Backwater calculations	279	(4)
Numerical integration	283	(4)
Discussion	287	(1)
Computer models	288	(1)
Exercises	288	(2)
Unsteady open channel flows: Basic equations	290	(28)
Introduction	290	(1)
Basic equations	291	(10)
Method of characteristics	301	(9)
Discussion	310	(3)
Exercises	313	(5)
Unsteady open channel flows: Applications	318	(69)
Introduction	318	(1)
Propagation of waves	319	(3)
The simple-wave problem	322	(6)
Positive and negative surges	328	(11)
The kinematic wave problem	339	(2)
The diffusion wave problem	341	(5)
Dam break wave	346	(16)
Exercises	362	(9)
Part 3 Revision exercises	371	(3)
Revision exercise No. 1	371	(1)
Revision exercise No. 2	371	(1)
Revision exercise No. 3	371	(3)
Appendices to Part 3	374	(13)
Physical modelling of movable boundary hydraulics	374	(3)
Extension of the backwater equation	377	(4)
Computer calculations of backwater profiles	381	(3)
Gaussian error functions	384	(3)
Part 4 Design of Hydraulic Structures	387	(125)
Introduction to the design of hydraulic structures	389	(2)
Introduction	389	(1)
Structure of Part 4	389	(1)
Professional design approach	389	(2)
Design of weirs and spillways	391	(40)
Introduction	391	(4)
Crest design	395	(11)
Chute design	406	(3)
Stilling basins and energy dissipators	409	(8)
Design procedure	417	(7)
Exercises	424	(7)
Design of drop structures and stepped cascades	431	(9)
Introduction	431	(1)
Drop structures	432	(6)
Nappe flow on stepped cascades	438	(1)
Exercises	439	(1)
Culvert design	440	(72)
Introduction	440	(1)
Basic features of a culvert	440	(5)
Design of standard culverts	445	(9)
Design of MEL culverts	454	(17)
Exercises	471	(5)
Part 4 Revision exercises	476	(9)
Revision exercise No. 1	476	(1)
Revision exercise No. 2 (hydraulic design of a new Gold Creek dam spillway)	476	(4)
Revision exercise No. 3 (hydraulic design of the Nudgee Road bridge waterway)	480	(3)
Revision exercise No. 4	483	(2)
Appendices to Part 4	485	(27)
Spillway chute flow calculations	485	(7)
Examples of minimum energy loss weirs	492	(4)
Examples of minimum energy loss culverts and waterways	496	(12)
Computer calculations of standard culvert hydraulics	508	(4)
References	512	(16)
Additional bibliography	528	(3)
Problems	531	(42)
A study of the Marib dam and its sluice system (BC 115 to AD 575)	533	(8)
Introduction	533	(4)
Hydraulics problem	537	(3)
Hydrological study: flood attenuation of the Marib reservoir	540	(1)
A study of the Moeris reservoir, the Ha-Uar dam and the canal connecting the Nile River and Lake Moeris around BC 2900 to BC 230	541	(10)
Introduction	541	(5)
Hydraulics problem	546	(3)
Hydrology of Egypt's Lake Moeris	549	(2)
A study of the Moche river irrigation systems (Peru AD 200--1532)	551	(10)
Introduction	551	(6)
Hydraulics problem	557	(2)
Hydrology of western Peru	559	(2)
Hydraulics of the Nimes aqueduct	561	(12)
Introduction	561	(8)
Hydraulic study of the Nimes aqueduct	569	(4)
Suggestion/correction form	573	(2)
Author index	575	(4)
Subject index	579