Hydrogen As a Future Energy Carrier

by Zü; ttel, Andreas; Borgschulte, Andreas; Schlapbach, Louis

• ISBN13: 9783527308170
• ISBN10: 3527308172
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2008-03-31
• Publisher: Wiley-VCH

Summary

This book fills the gap for concise but comprehensive literature on this interdisciplinary topic, involving chemical, physical, biological and engineering challenges. It provides broad coverage of the most important fields of modern hydrogen technology: hydrogen properties, production, storage, conversion to power, and applications in materials science. In so doing, the book covers all the pertinent materials classes: metal hydrides, inorganic porous solids, organic materials, and nanotubes. The authors present the entire view from fundamental research to viable devices and systems, including the latest scientific results and discoveries, practical approaches to design and engineering, as well as functioning prototypes and advanced systems.

Author Biography

Born in 1963 in Bern, Switzerland, Andreas Zuumlet;ttel holds an engineering degree in chemistry since 1985. In 1990 he received his diploma in physics from the University of Fribourg, Switzerland, followed by his PhD in 1993. He then carried out his post-doc at ATT Bell Labs, USA, in 1994, returning to Fribourg from 1996 to 2006 as head of the metalhydride group in the Physics Department, where he became a lecturer in 1997. He is President of the Swiss Hydrogen Association "Hydropole". In 2003 he became an external professor at the Vrije Universiteit van Amsterdam, Netherlands, and at the Physics Department of the University of Fribourg in 2006. Since 2006 he has been heading the section "Hydrogen Energy" at the Swiss Federal Lab for Materials Science and Technology, Empa. Professor Zuumlet;ttel's research interests concem the physical properties of new materials, hydrogen interaction with solids, and materials for energy technology, as part of the development of a sustainable energy cycle. Born in 1973 in Lippstadt, Germany, Andreas Borgschulte graduated in physics from the Technical University Braunschweig in 1998 gaining his PhD in 2002. From 2002 to 2005 he carried out his post-doc at the Department of Physics and Astronomy, Condensed Matter Physics, VU Amsterdam, the Netherlands, headed by Prof R. Griessen. In 2005 he became project coordinator of the hydrogen storage project FuncHy, at GKSS Research Centre Geesthacht, Germany, and since 2006 has been leading the group "Stability Kinetics" at the Hydrogen Energy Laboratory at Empa. Dr. Borgschulte's research interests mainly concern the electronic properties of new materials and surfaces, and in particular hydrogen interaction with solids. Born in 1944, Louis Schlapbach is CEO of Empa and Full Professor of Physics at the ETH Zurich, where he graduated in experimental physics and gained his PhD in solid state physics magnetism. As a post-doc at a CNRS laboratory in Paris, he studied hydrogen storage in intermetallic compounds, before returning to ETHZ where he developed the surface science aspects of the hydrogen interaction with metals and alloys. From 1988 to 2001, he was Full Professor for Experimental Physics at the University of Fribourg, was a member of the Swiss National Science Foundation from 1997 to 2004, and is still a member of the Committee for Technology and Innovation of CORE and of the Swiss Academy for Technical Sciences. He is on the Scientific Board of the Hasler Foundation, BioMedinvest, FNR Luxembourg and the RMS. Professor Schlapbach's research interests focus on nanoscopic properties of new materials and surfaces, hydrogen interaction with solids, functional surfaces and coatings, materials for energy technology.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. IX
List of Contributors	p. XI
Introduction	p. 1
References	p. 6
History of Hydrogen	p. 7
Timeline of the History of Hydrogen	p. 7
The Hindenburg and Challenger Disasters	p. 14
References	p. 20
Hydrogen as a Fuel	p. 23
Fossil Fuels	p. 23
The Carbon Cycle and Biomass Energy	p. 37
The Hydrogen Cycle	p. 43
References	p. 68
Properties of Hydrogen	p. 71
Hydrogen Gas	p. 71
Interaction of Hydrogen with Solid Surfaces	p. 94
Catalysis of Hydrogen Dissociation and Recombination	p. 108
The Four States of Hydrogen and Their Characteristics and Properties	p. 125
Surface Engineering of Hydrides	p. 132
References	p. 139
Hydrogen Production	p. 149
Hydrogen Production from Coal and Hydrocarbons	p. 149
Electrolysis: Hydrogen Production Using Electricity	p. 155
References	p. 163
Hydrogen Storage	p. 165
Hydrogen Storage in Molecular Form	p. 165
Hydrogen Adsorption (Carbon, Zeolites, Nanocubes)	p. 173
Metal Hydrides	p. 188
Complex Transition Metal Hydrides	p. 195
Tetrahydroborates as a Non-transition Metal Hydrides	p. 203
Complex Hydrides	p. 211
Storage in Organic Hydrides	p. 237
Indirect Hydrogen Storage via Metals and Complexes Using Exhaust Water	p. 244
References	p. 256
Hydrogen Functionalized Materials	p. 265
Magnetic Heterostructures - A Playground for Hydrogen	p. 265
Optical Properties of Metal Hydrides: Switchable Mirrors	p. 275
References	p. 327
Applications	p. 335
Fuel Cells Using Hydrogen	p. 335
Borohydride Fuel Cells	p. 364
Internal Combustion Engines	p. 371
Hydrogen in Space Applications	p. 381
References	p. 410
Index	p. 415
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.