Hydrogeology in Practice : A Guide to Characterizing Ground-Water Systems

by Stone, William J.

• ISBN13: 9780138991548
• ISBN10: 0138991545
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1998-10-27
• Publisher: Prentice Hall

Summary

This quick-reference guide explains how to conduct sound hydrogeologic studies and prepare solid hydrogeologic reports. The emphasis is on ground water, but pertinent surface-water and soil-water topics are covered briefly as well. It uses figures, tables and case-histories illustrate and summarize main points and to relate them to actual problems.Discusses what geologic and hydrologic data are needed, where to get them and how to compile/present them. Tells what to do with geologic information once it is compiled, focusing on three major categories -- stratigraphy, structure and geomorphology. Addresses what do with hydrologic information once it is compiled --focusing on surface, soil and ground water. Discusses the need for, and make-up of, a sound working model of the hydrogeology of a study area. Reviews the basic components of a hydrogeologic report, outlines a proven approach to any writing task, and provides tips on avoiding common mistakes. Shows how the data gathering, analysis, and report writing apply to specific types of hydrogeologic studies, including case histories, e.g., water supply, ground-water contamination, hydrologic monitoring, mining, ground-water modeling.For hydrogeologists, hydrologists, environmental engineers, environmental scientists, civil engineers, geologists.

Table of Contents

Preface	vii
Chapter 1 Introduction	1	(8)
Hydrogeologic Studies	1	(3)
Scope of This Book	4	(1)
Organization and Contents	5	(1)
Some Terms	5	(2)
References	7	(2)
PART I THE GEOLOGIC SETTING	9	(44)
Chapter 2 Compiling Geologic Information	10	(22)
Geologic Information	10	(1)
Geologic Provinces	11	(2)
Sources of Geologic Information	13	(3)
Geologic Tools	16	(12)
References	28	(4)
Chapter 3 Characterizing the Geologic Setting	32	(11)
Geologic Phenomena	32	(1)
Stratigraphic Framework	33	(5)
Structural Conditions	38	(1)
Geomorphic Setting	39	(2)
References	41	(2)
Chapter 4 Geologic Materials as Aquifers	43	(10)
Theory versus Practice	43	(1)
Hydrostratigraphic Units	44	(4)
Aquifer Materials	48	(2)
References	50	(3)
PART II THE HYDROLOGIC SYSTEM	53	(64)
Chapter 5 Compiling Hydrologic Information	54	(28)
Hydrologic Information	54	(2)
Hydrologic Provinces	56	(2)
Sources of Hydrologic Data	58	(3)
Hydrologic Tools	61	(13)
References	74	(8)
Chapter 6 Characterizing Hydrologic Conditions	82	(18)
Hydrologic Phenomena	82	(1)
Surface Water	83	(5)
Soil Water	88	(1)
Ground Water	88	(8)
Water Balance	96	(2)
References	98	(2)
Chapter 7 Hydrologic Impact of the Geologic Setting	100	(17)
Stratigraphic Controls	100	(2)
Role of Unconformities	102	(4)
Control by Geologic Structures	106	(4)
Influence of Geomorphologic Features	110	(6)
References	116	(1)
PART III SYNTHESIS	117	(24)
Chapter 8 Conceptual Hydrogeologic Models	118	(12)
Importance	118	(1)
Scale	118	(2)
Components	120	(3)
The Whole	123	(5)
References	128	(2)
Chapter 9 Writing Hydrogeologic Reports	130	(11)
Learning to Write	131	(1)
Getting Started	131	(1)
Report Elements	132	(7)
References	139	(2)
PART IV APPLICATIONS	141	(91)
Chapter 10 Water Supply	142	(12)
Water Requirements	142	(1)
Ground-Water Availability	143	(1)
Well Drilling	144	(1)
Well Construction	145	(3)
Final Tasks	148	(3)
Case History	151	(1)
References	152	(2)
Chapter 11 Ground-Water Contamination	154	(17)
Detection	154	(2)
Notification	156	(1)
Site Characterization	157	(4)
Remediation	161	(1)
Monitoring	162	(1)
Expert Testimony	163	(2)
Case History	165	(5)
References	170	(1)
Chapter 12 Hydrologic Monitoring	171	(20)
Designing a Monitoring System	172	(4)
Installing a Monitoring System	176	(2)
Operating a Monitoring Network	178	(2)
Evaluating Monitoring Systems	180	(1)
Monitoring Wells	181	(4)
Case Histories	185	(5)
References	190	(1)
Chapter 13 Water Problems in Mining	191	(19)
Dewatering	192	(2)
Water Supply	194	(1)
Impact of Mining	195	(3)
Case Histories	198	(11)
References	209	(1)
Chapter 14 Ground-Water Modeling	210	(16)
Types	210	(2)
Construction	212	(3)
Implementation	215	(1)
Limitations	216	(2)
Case Histories	218	(7)
References	225	(1)
Chapter 15 Final Suggestions	226	(6)
Remember the Basics	226	(1)
Use Intuition	227	(1)
Apply Models Wisely	227	(1)
Be Right	227	(1)
Maintain Professionalism	228	(1)
Practice Good Writing	228	(1)
Keep Learning	229	(1)
References	230	(2)
Glossary	232	(4)
Appendix A Guide to Logging Cuttings/Core	236	(2)
Appendix B Well-Inventory Data Sheet	238	(1)
Appendix C Elements of an Ideal Conceptual Hydrogeologic Model	239	(3)
Appendix D Well-Construction Data Sheet	242	(1)
Appendix E Miscellaneous Conversions, Equivalents, and Formulas	243	(3)
Index	246