Hypertension Medicine

by Weber, Michael A.

• ISBN13: 9780896037885
• ISBN10: 0896037886
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2000-10-01
• Publisher: Humana Pr Inc

Summary

Michael Weber, MD, and a panel of distinguished authorities provide a comprehensive practical survey focusing on the key issues that determine the who, when, and how of hypertension management. Emphasis is given to the practical issues of management: how to select treatments that optimize results for even the most difficult-to-treat hypertensive patient, and what to do about the major concomitant problems. Examined in detail are the principal underlying mechanisms of hypertension, particularly those that help explain treatment choices, as well as the best techniques for successfully evaluating patients before treatment. Authoritative and eminently readable, Hypertension Medicine constitutes a highly practical account of the challenging issues faced daily by family physicians, internists, and general practitioners in the evaluation and optimal management of hypertension.

Author Biography

Philip A. Atkin, BPHARM, PhD: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia Henry R. Black, MD: Chairman, Department of Preventive Medicine, Rush-Presbyterian St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, IL Jon D. Blumenfeld, MD: Associate Professor of Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, and Associate Attending in Medicine, Division of Hypertension and The Cardiovascular Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY David A. Calhoun, MD: Vascular Biology and Hypertension Program, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL Hal L. Chadow, MD: Assistant Director, Division of Cardiology, The Brookdale University Hospital and Medical Center, and Assistant Professor of Medicine, SUNY Health Science Center, Brooklyn, NY Vincent DeQuattro, MD: Professor of Medicine and Director, Hypertension Diagnostic Laboratory, Division of Cardiology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA Jayant Dey, MD: Section on Hypertensive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Ochsner Clinic and Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation, New Orleans, LA Zhanbin Feng, MD: Section on Hypertensive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Ochsner Clinic and Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation, New Orleans, LA John M. Flack, MD, MPH: Associate Chairman, Department of Internal Medicine, Director, Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Clinical Applications Program, and Professor of Medicine and Community Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI Stanley S. Franklin, MD: Clinical Professor of Medicine, Heart Disease Prevention Program, University of California, Irvine, CA Haralambos Gavras, MD: Hypertension and Atherosclerosis Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA Irene Gavras, MD: Hypertension and Atherosclerosis Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA Thomas D. Giles, MD: Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, LSU School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA Carlene M. Grim, BSN, MSN, SpDN: President, Shared Care Research and Education, Torrance, CA Clarence E. Grim, BS, MS, MD: Professor of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI Ehud Grossman, MD: Internal Medicine D, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel W. Dallas Hall, MD, MACP: Emeritus Professor of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA Mark Houston, MD, FACP: Associate Clinical Professor of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Director, Hypertension Institute, Saint Thomas Medical Group, St. Thomas Hospital, Nashville, TN Joseph L. Izzo, Jr., MD: Professor of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, and Chief, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY Stevo Julius, MD: Division of Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI Lena Kilander, MD, PhD: Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala, Sweden Lawrence R. Krakoff, MD: Chief of Medicine, Englewood Hospital and Medical Center, Englewood, NJ and Professor of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY Ellis R. Levin, MD: Professor of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California, Irvine, and Chief, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Long Beach Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Long Beach, CA George A. Mansoor, MD: Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT G. E. McVeigh, MD, PhD: Department of Therapeutics and Pharmacology, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland Franz H. Messerli, MD: Section on Hypertensive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Ochsner Clinic and Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation, New Orleans, LA Joel M. Neutel, MD: Orange County Heart Institute and Research Center, Orange, CA Suzanne Oparil, MD: Vascular Biology and Hypertension Program, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL Robert A. Phillips, MD, PhD, FACC: Hypertension Section, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY Thomas G. Pickering, MD: Cardiovascular Center, Department of Medicine, The New York Presbyterian Hospital-Cornell University Medical College, New York, NY Jerome G. Porush, MD: Director of Nephrology, Nephrology Division, The Brookdale University Hospital and Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY L. Michael Prisant, MD, FACC, FACP: Professor of Medicine, Hypertension Unit, Section of Cardiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA C. Venkata S. Ram, MD: Texas Blood Pressure Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX Ira W. Reiser, MD: Nephrology Division, The Brookdale University Hospital and Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY Domenic A. Sica, MD: Professor of Medicine and Pharmacology, Chairman, Clinical Pharmacology and Hypertension, and Director, University Ambulatory Research, Medical College of Virginia of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA David H. G. Smith, MD: Orange County Heart Institute and Research Center, Orange, CA Dilek K. Sowers, MD, FACEP: Bon Secours Emergency Department, Bon Secours Hospital, Grosse Pointe, MI James R. Sowers, MD: Professor of Medicine and Physiology, and Chief, Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, SUNY Health Science Center at Brooklyn, Brooklyn, NY Kurt M. R. Sowers, MD: Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, SUNY Health Science Center at Brooklyn, Brooklyn, NY Samuel Spitalewitz, MD: Brookdale University Hospital and Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY Gordon S. Stokes, MD, FRACP: Hypertension Unit, Department of Cardiology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia Joel A. Strom, MD: Director, Division of Cardiology, The Brookdale University Hospital and Medical Center, and Professor of Medicine, SUNY Health Science Center, Brooklyn, NY Tudor Vagaonescu, MD, PhD: Hypertension Section, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY Donald G. Vidt, MD: Senior Physician, Department of Nephrology/Hypertension, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH and Professor of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH Michael A. Weber, MD: State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York Myron H. Weinberger, MD: Director, Hypertension Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN Matthew R. Weir, MD: Division of Nephrology and Clinical Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD William B. White, MD: Chief, Division of Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT Li Lan Yoon, MD: Department of Therapeutics and Pharmacology, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland

Table of Contents

Foreword	v
Preface	vii
Contributors	xiii
Part I. Background Issues in Hypertension	1	(118)
Studies Justifying the Use of Treatment to Prevent Cardiovascular Events	3	(18)
Henry R. Black
Effects of Aging on Blood Pressure	21	(6)
Vincent DeQuattro
Effects of Race on Blood Pressure	27	(6)
John M. Flack
Genetics in Hypertension	33	(14)
Joel M. Neutel
David H. G. Smith
Sodium and Other Dietary Factors	47	(8)
Myron H. Weinberger
Role of Stress in Development of Hypertension	55	(34)
Thomas G. Pickering
Neuroendocrine Factors: Role of the Sympathetic Nervous and Renin Angiotensin Systems	89	(10)
Stevo Julius
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Diastolic Dysfunction	99	(12)
George A. Mansoor
William B. White
Role of the Endothelium in Hypertension	111	(8)
Ellis R. Levin
Part II. Diagnosis and Special Tests	119	(80)
Systolic, Diastolic, Mean, or Pulse Pressure: Which Is the Best Predictor of Hypertensive Cardiovascular Risk?	121	(10)
Stanley S. Franklin
Manual Blood Pressure Measurement---Still the Gold Standard: Why and How to Measure Blood Pressure the Old Fashioned Way	131	(16)
Carlene M. Grim
Clarence E. Grim
Initial Routine Tests for Diagnosis and Risk Stratification of the Patient with Hypertension: What Is Mandatory?	147	(10)
Tudor Vagaonescu
Robert A. Phillips
When to Suspect Secondary Hypertension	157	(10)
Donald G. Vidt
Evaluation of Renal Function and Proteinuria	167	(14)
Ira W. Reiser
Jerome G. Porush
Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring	181	(10)
David H. G. Smith
Arterial Compliance in Hypertension	191	(8)
G. E. McVeigh
Li Lan Yoon
Part III. Principles of Treatment	199	(84)
Starting Hypertension Treatment: Setting Targets	201	(8)
Michael A. Weber
Choosing the First Agent	209	(14)
Matthew R. Weir
Managing an Inadequate Response to the First Agent: Changing Doses or Drugs, Adding Drugs	223	(8)
L. Michael Prisant
Rationale of Low-Dose Combination Therapy in Cardiovascular Risk Management	231	(14)
Joel M. Neutel
David H. G. Smith
How to Monitor Progress in Hypertensive Patients	245	(10)
Ehud Grossman
Problems of Treatment Compliance and Polypharmacy	255	(10)
Gordon S. Stokes
Philip A. Atkin
Should Treatment Differ in African-American and Caucasian Patients?	265	(10)
W. Dallas Hall
Measuring the Benefits of Antihypertensive Treatment	275	(8)
Michael A. Weber
Part IV. Major Hypertensive Drug Classes	283	(66)
Diuretics in Hypertension Therapy	285	(4)
James R. Sowers
Joel M. Neutel
Matthew R. Weir
β-Adrenergic Blocker Treatment of Hypertension: Pharmacodynamics and Guide to Patient Selection	289	(12)
Jon D. Blumenfeld
Calcium Antagonists	301	(14)
Franz H. Messerli
Jayant Dey
Zhanbin Feng
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors	315	(10)
Irene Gavras
Haralambos Gavras
The Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers	325	(8)
Michael A. Weber
Selective α1 - Blockers	333	(6)
Joseph L. Izzo, Jr.
Centrally Acting Antihypertensive Drugs	339	(10)
Mark Houston
Part V. Solving Problems in Hypertension Management	349	(98)
The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III: How Are We Doing with Blood Pressure Control?	351	(16)
David A. Calhoun
Suzanne Oparil
Lipid Abnormalities and Hypertension	367	(8)
Thomas D. Giles
Diabetes and Hypertension	375	(8)
Kurt M. R. Sowers
James R. Sowers
Treatment of Hypertensive Patients with Chronic Renal Insufficiency	383	(12)
Samuel Spitalewitz
Jerome G. Porush
Treating Angina Pectoris in Hypertension	395	(8)
Hal L. Chadow
Joel A. Strom
Hypertension and Its Treatment in Concomitant Conditions: Degenerative Joint Disease, Depression, Alzheimer's Disease, and Parkinson's Disease	403	(8)
Domenic A. Sica
Cognitive Disorders and Dementia in Hypertension: Implications for Treatment	411	(8)
Lena Kilander
Refractory Hypertension	419	(10)
C. Venkata S. Ram
Hypertensive Emergencies	429	(8)
Dilek K. Sowers
Referring to Hypertension Experts: The Hypertension Consultant	437	(10)
Lawrence R. Krakoff
Index	447