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9780195094701

Identity, Community, and Pluralism in American Life

by ; ; ;
  • ISBN13:

    9780195094701

  • ISBN10:

    0195094700

  • Format: Hardcover
  • Copyright: 1997-01-16
  • Publisher: Oxford University Press
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Summary

Common Differences is an anthology of primary source readings whichexplores the cultural diversity and pluralism in American life. The principalthemes include the formation of group and communal identities, the position ofvarious groups in the American social structure, and the interrelationships ofthe people of the United States within the framework of a common public life.The readings are drawn from a variety of sources including fiction, poetry,journalism, biography, autobiography and memoirs, as well as from academicdisciplines.

Table of Contents

Introduction xi
PART I INTERPRETING HISTORY AND EXPERIENCE 3(54)
1 Metaphorizing American Culture
3(22)
Anglo-conformity: Thomas Jefferson Writes George Flower, 1817
5(1)
Anglo-Conformity: The New York City Public Schools, 1906
6(4)
The Melting Pot: Israel Zangwill Coins a Phrase, 1908
10(2)
The Melting Pot: An Eighteenth-century Interpretation, 1782
12(2)
Cultural Pluralism: Randolph Bourne's Vision of America as a Confederation of Distinct Peoples, 1916
14(6)
Living with Diversity: Our Daily Experiences, 1994
20(4)
Suggestions for Further Reading
24(1)
2 The Presence of the Past
25(32)
Voluntary Immigrants
26(8)
The Quest for a Better Life: A Norwegian Immigrant Letter of 1838
26(4)
Economic Immigrants from Nineteenth-century China: "A Chinamans's Chance"
30(3)
Would-be Immigrants: Chinese Poets on Angel Island
33(1)
Refugees
34(5)
Oral History of Fannie Shamitz Friedman: "There was nothing to come home to"
34(5)
From African to African American
39(8)
Olaudah Equiano: "The manners and customs of my country had been implanted in me with great care..."
39(5)
Frederick Douglass: "I do not recollect of ever seeing my mother by the light of day"
44(3)
Finding Meaning in Tradition: Red Jacket's Testimony
47(3)
The Conquered Mexicans of the Southwest: Letter from the Santa Fe Jail, Reies Lopez Tijerina
50(3)
Suggestions for Further Reading
53(4)
PART II DEFINING SELF, DEFINING OTHERS 57(68)
3 On Being Different and "Undifferent" in the United States
57(36)
Harriet Jacobs: The Sexual and Moral Hazards of Growing Up a Female Slave
58(5)
Ohiyesa: An Indian Brave Confronts Civilization
63(7)
Helena Maria Viramontes: The Chicana Legacy
70(5)
Lloyd Van Brundt: The Racial Measure of the Poor White's Failure
75(3)
James Jaewhan Lee: "I am learning how to confront elephants..."
78(3)
Judy Scales-Trent: "On Being Black and White, Different and the Same"
81(11)
Suggestions for Further Reading
92(1)
4 Representations of Prejudice and Ethnocentricity
93(32)
Inventing the Indian: The Account of Amerigo Vespucci
94(5)
The English Construction of the New England Savage: Three Portrayals
99(4)
History of Plymouth Plantation
101(1)
New England's First Fruits: "In Respect of the Indians, &c."
102(1)
From John Winthrop's Journal
103(1)
Prejudice Masked as Humour: Harriet Stowe Jumps Jim Crow
103(7)
Thomas Dartmouth Rice, Jim Crow
106(4)
Harriet Beecher Stowe, Uncle Tom's Cabin
110(1)
The Perpetuation of Racial Humor: Mark Twain and E. W. Kemble
110(10)
From Twain's Adventure's of Huckleberry Finn
112(3)
Kemble on Illustrating Huckleberry Finn
115(2)
From E. W. Kemble's A Coon Alphabet
117(3)
The Deadly Effects of Discrimination: Devin S. Standard
120(2)
Suggestions for Further Reading
122(3)
PART III COMMUNITIES IN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE 125(52)
5 Communities in an Expanding Nation--The Nineteenth Century
125(21)
Community as Survival: Solidarity and Celebration in the Slave Quarters
127(3)
"Yes, the love of God is best...," The Oneida Community
130(4)
Education, Americanization, and Community: The Ethnic Press
134(5)
Solidarity and Diversity in Women's Communities
139(5)
"Daughters of Freemen Still"--Millworkers Proclaim a Strike at Lowell, Massachusetts, 1834
139(2)
"The Sound of Our Own Voices," A Women's Study Club
141(2)
"...to elevate our race": Report of the Phillis Wheatley Club
143(1)
Suggestion for Further Reading
144(2)
6 Continuity and Change: Communities in the Twentieth Century
146(31)
The Labor Movement in the Progressive Era: Congressional Hearings on the Lawrence Textile Strike of 1912
149(3)
Community Activism After the Black Civil Rights Revolution
152(6)
National Organization for Women: An Invitation to Join
152(2)
A Chicana Feminist Manifesto
154(2)
Black Pride and Disability Pride: "Malcolm Teaches Us, Too"
156(2)
Communities in Conflict in South Central Los Angeles, 1991
158(9)
Alice Choi on Korean-Black Tensions
158(5)
"...It's a misunderstanding of one another": University of California Students Discuss the Los Angeles Riot
163(4)
"Sharing the Journey": The Small Group Movement
167(4)
"Today's Strength from Yesterday's Traditions": Northern Arapaho Indian Women
170(4)
Suggestions for Further Reading
174(3)
PART IV PERMISSION TO ENTER AND THE RIGHT TO BELONG 177(58)
7 Opening and Closing the Door: The Debate over Immigration
177(27)
A Friend of Immigrants: At the Height of Nativism a Doctor Publishes a Lecture in Favor of Immigration, 1845
179(5)
Raising Alarm: An Antiimmigration Politician Speaks at the Convention to Revise the Constitutional of Kentucky, 1849
184(4)
Proimmigration Reform: The President of the United States Argues for the Elimination of National Origin Quotas, 1963
188(5)
Doubts on Assimilation: A Conservative Demographer Does not Think that Third World Immigrants Will Adapt to U.S. Culture, 1990
193(5)
On Being an American in a Plurastic Society: A Hispanie View, 1986
198(5)
Suggestions for Further Reading
203(1)
8 The State, Citizenship, and Naturalization
204(31)
Deciding Membership in the American Political Community: The First National Debate on Naturalization and Citizenship, 1790
206(6)
Is It Too Easy to Become an American?, 1845
212(3)
The Experience of Becoming a Citizen: New York City, 1900
215(3)
Exclusion: Race and Powerlessness, 1857
218(6)
Shared Political Values and Language Inform the Effort to Combat Exclusion: American Women, 1848
224(4)
Excluding Asians, 1889
228(3)
Suggestions for Further Reading
231(4)
PART V ENDURING CONFLICTS 235
9 The Question of a National Language
235(26)
They Should Speak English: Benjamin Franklin Complaints About the Germans in Pennsylvania, 1753
239(1)
Attempting to Establish English as the Official Language: Three Proposed Amendments to the Constitution of the United States, 1981, 1983, 1989
240(2)
Language and Equality in Education: The Supreme Court Lau Decision, 1974
242(3)
Speaking for English as the Official Language: A U.S. Senator Explains Why He Is Sponsoring an English Language Amendment to the Constitution, 1983
245(4)
Against Official English: A U.S. Representative Explains Why There Should not Be an English Language Constitutional Amendment, 1988
249(3)
They Are not Learning English: The Secretary of Education Attacks Bilingual Education, 1985
252(5)
In Defense of Bilingual Education: A Response to Secretary Bennett's Attack, 1985
257(3)
Suggestions for Further Reading
260(1)
10 Church, State, and Society
261(25)
Separating Church and State: What Did the Founders Have in Mind?, 1784
263(4)
A "Wall of Separation": Thomas Jefferson's View, 1802
267(1)
Is the United States a "Christian Nation?": Justice David Brewer's View, 1892
268(4)
Defining Boundaries for Church and State: School Prayer, 1962
272(3)
Defining Boundaries for Church and State: Federal Aid to Church-affiliated Private Schools, 1971
275(4)
An Outsider's View of Christmas: "The Other Check," by Jay Kaplan, 1958
279(6)
Suggestions for Further Reading
285(1)
11 Individual Rights or Group Rights? The Question of Affirmative Action
286
Against Set-asides: A Group of Jewish and Other White Ethnic Organizations Submit a Brief to the Supreme Court, 1977
290(4)
"Affirmed in part and reversed in part": The Bakke Decision, 1978
294(6)
Affirmative Action Is not Damaging to Blacks or Unconstitutional: A Legal Scholar Refutes Objections to Affirmative Action, 1986
300(6)
Promoted Over a Male: The Diane Joyce Story, as Told by Susan Faludi, 1991
306(5)
White Males as Victims: Casualties of Affirmative Action, 1991
311(4)
Suggestions for Further Reading
315

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