Images of the Past

by Price, T. Douglas; Feinman, Gary M.

• ISBN13: 9780073405209
• ISBN10: 0073405205
• Edition: 5th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2006-11-15
• Publisher: McGraw-Hill Humanities/Social Sciences/Languages

Summary

This well illustrated, full-color, site-by-site survey of prehistory captures the popular interest, excitement, and visual splendor of archaeology as it provides insight into the research, interpretations, and theoretical themes in the field. The new edition maintains the authors' innovative solutions to two central problems of the course: first, the text continues to focus on about 80 sites, giving students less encyclopedic detail but essential coverage of the discoveries that have produced the major insights into prehistory; second, it continues to be organized into essays on sites and concepts, allowing professors complete flexibility in organizing their courses.

Table of Contents

Preface	xvii
About the Authors	xxiii
Walkthrough	xxvii
Principles of Archaeology	1	(34)
Introduction	1	(1)
Time	2	(1)
Geological Time	3	(2)
Change	5	(1)
Biological Evolution	6	(1)
Fundamentals of Archaeology	7	(1)
The Discovery of Archaeological Sites	7	(4)
Archaeological Excavation	11	(7)
Analysis of Archaeological Materials	18	(7)
Interpretation of Archaeological Information	25	(6)
Images and Ideas The Basics of Archaeology	31	(4)
The First Humans	35	(36)
Introduction The Dawn of Humanity	35	(4)
Concept The Family Tree	39	(5)
Site Hadar	44	(4)
Concept Dating Methods	48	(2)
Site Laetoli	50	(2)
Site Swartkrans	52	(3)
Concept Hunters or Scavengers?	55	(1)
Site Olduvai	56	(5)
Concept The Leakey Family	61	(2)
Concept The First Tools	63	(2)
Images and Ideas Bones, Stones, and Human Behavior	65	(6)
Out of Africa: Homo erectus	71	(34)
Introduction From Hominin to Human	71	(4)
Concept The Paleolithic Period	75	(3)
Site Trinil	78	(4)
Concept Climate and Environment in the Pleistocene	82	(4)
Site Zhoukoudian	86	(4)
Concept The First Europeans	90	(2)
Site Atapuerca	92	(3)
Concept Pleistocene Mammals	95	(3)
Site Kalambo Falls and Olorgesailie	98	(1)
Concept The Acheulean Handaxe	99	(2)
Images and Ideas The End of the Lower Paleolithic	101	(4)
The Hunters	105	(56)
Introduction The Rise of Homo sapiens	105	(4)
Concept The Origins of Language	109	(2)
Site The Klasies River Mouth Caves	111	(3)
Concept Modern and Ancient DNA	114	(3)
Site The Valley of the Neanderthals	117	(4)
Concept The Fate of the Neanderthals	121	(2)
Concept The Upper Paleolithic	123	(4)
Site Dolni Vestonice	127	(3)
Site The Cave of Lascaux	130	(6)
Concept Portable Art	136	(2)
Site Pincevent	138	(2)
Concept Symbols and Notation	140	(2)
Site Lake Mungo, Australia	142	(2)
Concept The Peopling of the Pacific	144	(1)
Concept Radiocarbon Dating	145	(2)
Site Beringia	147	(3)
Concept Pleistocene Extinction	150	(2)
Site Monte Verde	152	(3)
Site Lindenmeier	155	(2)
Site Kennewick Man	157	(1)
Images and Ideas The End of the Paleolithic	158	(3)
Postglacial Foragers	161	(36)
Introduction The World after 8000 B.C.	161	(4)
Concept The Postglacial Environment of Europe	165	(2)
Site Vedbaek	167	(5)
Concept Bone Chemistry and Prehistoric Subsistence	172	(2)
Site Elands Bay Cave	174	(4)
Site Sannai Maruyama	178	(4)
Site Carrier Mills	182	(5)
Concept The Human Skeleton	187	(2)
Site Gatecliff Shelter	189	(3)
Concept Contemporary Hunter-Gatherers	192	(2)
Images and Ideas The World of Hunter-Gatherers	194	(3)
The Origins of Agriculture	197	(68)
Introduction The First Farmers	197	(6)
Concept Explaining the Origins of Agriculture	203	(4)
Site 'Ain Mallaha	207	(2)
Concept Wheat, Barley, Pigs, Goats, and Sheep	209	(3)
Site Abu Hureyra	212	(4)
Concept Paleoethnobotany	216	(3)
Site Jericho	219	(3)
Concept Archaeozoology	222	(3)
Site Catalhoyuk	225	(5)
Site Mehrgarh	230	(2)
Concept Pottery	232	(2)
Site Ban-po-ts'un	234	(3)
Concept Rice	237	(1)
Site Khok Phanom Di	238	(3)
Concept Early Metallurgy in Thailand	241	(1)
Site Guila Naquitz Cave	242	(3)
Concept Zea mays	245	(3)
Site Tehuacan	248	(4)
Site Guitarrero Cave	252	(4)
Concept Agriculture in Native North America	256	(2)
Concept Breast-Feeding and Birth Spacing	258	(2)
Images and Ideas The Spread of Agriculture	260	(5)
Native North Americans	265	(54)
Introduction The Diversity of Native American Life	265	(5)
Site Poverty Point	270	(4)
Site Hopewell	274	(4)
Concept The Archaeology of Exchange	278	(2)
Site Cahokia	280	(4)
Concept Monumental Architecture	284	(2)
Site Moundville	286	(4)
Concept Grave Offerings	290	(2)
Site The Draper Site	292	(4)
Site Snaketown	296	(5)
Concept Studying Community Plan at Snaketown	301	(1)
Site Chaco Canyon	302	(5)
Site Ozette	307	(4)
Concept Chiefs	311	(2)
Concept The Caribbean	313	(2)
Images and Ideas The Clash of Worlds	315	(4)
Ancient Mesoamerica	319	(66)
Introduction Early State Development in Mesoamerica	319	(5)
Site San Jose Mogote	324	(3)
Concept Nonresidential Architecture	327	(2)
Site San Lorenzo and La Venta	329	(4)
Concept The Olmec Horizon	333	(2)
Site El Mirador	335	(3)
Concept Carved Stone	338	(1)
Site Monte Alban	339	(5)
Concept Settlement Pattern Surveys	344	(2)
Site Teotihuacan	346	(6)
Concept The Mesoamerican Ballgame	352	(1)
Site Tikal	353	(4)
Concept Wetland Fields	357	(2)
Concept Tikal's Monument Record	359	(2)
Site Palenque	361	(4)
Concept Writing and Calendars	365	(2)
Site Tula	367	(3)
Site Chichen Itza	370	(4)
Site Tenochtitlan	374	(5)
Concept Aztec Markets	379	(1)
Concept Human Sacrifice and Cannibalism	380	(2)
Images and Ideas The End of Prehispanic Civilizations in Mexico	382	(3)
South America: The Inca and Their Predecessors	385	(46)
Introduction Prehispanic South America	385	(4)
Site El Paraiso	389	(4)
Concept The Maritime Hypothesis	393	(1)
Site Chavin de Huantar	394	(4)
Concept The Textiles of Paracas	398	(1)
Site Moche	399	(5)
Concept The Nazca Geoglyphs	404	(1)
Site Sipan	405	(4)
Site Tiwanaku	409	(4)
Site Chan Chan	413	(4)
Site Cuzco and Machu Picchu	417	(4)
Concept Inca Highways	421	(2)
Site Huanuco Pampa	423	(4)
Images and Ideas The Organization of State Society	427	(4)
States and Empires in Asia and Africa	431	(68)
Introduction Asia and Africa after the Transition to Agriculture	431	(4)
Site Eridu	435	(4)
Concept Temples	439	(1)
Site Uruk	440	(5)
Concept Early Writing Systems	445	(3)
Site Harappa and Mohenjo-daro	448	(6)
Concept Economic Specialization	454	(2)
Site Hierakonpolis	456	(5)
Concept The Cemetery at Hierakonpolis	461	(1)
Site Giza and Dynastic Egypt	462	(4)
Concept Pyramids	466	(2)
Site An-yang	468	(5)
Concept The Roots of Chinese Cuisine	473	(2)
Site Xianyang	475	(5)
Site Angkor	480	(4)
Site Jenne-jeno	484	(4)
Site Great Zimbabwe	488	(5)
Images and Ideas Theories of State Development	493	(6)
Prehistoric Europe	499	(56)
Introduction From the First Farmers to the Roman Empire	499	(4)
Site Franchthi Cave	503	(2)
Site Varna	505	(3)
Concept The Iceman	508	(3)
Site Charavines	511	(4)
Concept The Megaliths of Western Europe	515	(4)
Site Stonehenge	519	(4)
Concept The Aegean Bronze Age	523	(3)
Site Knossos	526	(3)
Site Mycenae	529	(4)
Concept The Bronze Age North of the Alps	533	(2)
Site Borum Eshøj	535	(3)
Site Vix	538	(3)
Concept The Bog People	541	(2)
Site Maiden Castle	543	(3)
Site Vindolanda	546	(3)
Images and Ideas Lessons from Prehistoric Europe	549	(6)
The Past as Present and Future	555	(15)
The Value of the Past	555	(2)
The Heritage of the Past	557	(1)
Who Owns the Past?	558	(6)
Ethics in Archaeology	564	(1)
The Responsible Archaeologist	565	(1)
Careers in Archaeology	566	(2)
Images and Ideas The End	568	(2)
Appendix: Common-Measurement Conversions and Equivalents	570
Glossary	1	(1)
References	1	(1)
Credits	1	(1)
Index	1