Implementing Change : Patterns, Principles and Potholes

by Hall, Gene E.; Hord, Shirley M.

• ISBN13: 9780205467211
• ISBN10: 0205467210
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2006-01-01
• Publisher: Allyn & Bacon

Summary

This book focuses on understanding, evaluating and facilitating the change process by presenting a number of research-based constructs and tools along with examples of how each can be used by leaders of change efforts. The change process in schools and other organizations is made complex by the wide array of innovations and the different ways that people respond to their introduction. The primary perspective for understanding change used in this book is the Concerns Based Adoption Model (CBAM). This perspective has been the subject of research for more than thirty five years. The studies have been conducted in a number of countries and widely applied by change leaders, trainers and those who are responsible for evaluating innovation implementation efforts. Each chapter is organized to move from concept to application covering: research, a clear description of a change construct, case studies, examples discussion questions and field activities.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. xii
The Context for Implementing Change	p. xvi
Implementing Change: Patterns, Themes, and Principles	p. 2
Focus Questions	p. 3
Principles of Change	p. 4
Summary	p. 16
Developing Professional Learning Communities and Understanding Organizational Culture	p. 18
Focus Questions	p. 20
Context? Climate? Culture?	p. 20
Organizational Context	p. 21
The PLC Context and Culture	p. 25
Leadership in a Professional Learning Community	p. 30
Strategies for Facilitating a Collaborative Culture	p. 34
Our Closing Pitch	p. 35
Summary	p. 35
Different Perspectives for Understanding the Big Picture of Change	p. 38
Systems Thinking: Interconnections of Parts That Make a Whole	p. 41
Focus Questions	p. 42
Familiar Names in Systems Thinking	p. 42
Going Deeper to Examine a Systems View	p. 43
Components of the Educational System	p. 45
Working Systemically in Schools	p. 48
Effects of Working Systemically	p. 51
Facilitators and Barriers to Working Systemically	p. 52
Limitations of Working Systemically	p. 55
Summary	p. 60
Diffusion: Communication and Change Agents	p. 63
Focus Questions	p. 64
Communication of Innovations	p. 65
Characteristics of Adopters	p. 71
Passing the Word	p. 72
The Role of Change Agents	p. 77
Summary	p. 79
Organization Development: Problem Solving and Process Consultants	p. 82
Focus Questions	p. 83
What is OD?	p. 83
Group/Team and Individual Process Skills	p. 89
Using OD to Change Whole Organizations	p. 91
OD Process Consultants	p. 101
Summary	p. 105
Tools and Techniques for Understanding the People Part of Change	p. 108
Clarifying the Change: Innovation Configurations	p. 110
Focus Questions	p. 111
The Change: What It Is and Is Not	p. 111
Innovation Adaptation	p. 112
Innovation Configurations as a Concept	p. 113
Mapping Innovation Configurations	p. 115
Innovation Configurations: Applications and Implications	p. 128
The Fidelity Enigma	p. 129
Summary	p. 131
Understanding Feelings and Perceptions about Change: Stages of Concern	p. 133
Focus Questions	p. 134
The Personal Side of Change	p. 134
Stages of Concern About an Innovation	p. 135
Concerns and the Change Process	p. 137
Why are They Called "Stages" of Concern?	p. 141
Can There Be Concerns at More Than One Stage?	p. 142
Are There Typical Concern Profiles?	p. 142
Techniques for Assessing Stages of Concern	p. 144
Implications of Resistance in Stages of Concern Profiles	p. 151
Summary	p. 156
Exploring the Use of Innovations: Levels of Use	p. 158
Focus Questions	p. 159
The Levels of Use Concept	p. 159
Assessing an Individual's Level of Use	p. 165
Applying Levels of Use	p. 171
Sidelights About LoU	p. 174
Summary	p. 180
The Imperative for Leadership in Change	p. 182
Describing What Change Facilitators Do: Interventions	p. 184
Focus Questions	p. 185
Intervention Definition	p. 185
Intervention Delivery	p. 188
Six Functions of Interventions	p. 188
Additional Kinds of Interventions	p. 195
Sizes of Interventions	p. 196
The Anatomy of Interventions	p. 200
Summary	p. 203
Defining Change Facilitator Style: Different Approaches Produce Different Results	p. 207
Focus Questions	p. 208
The History of Research on Leaders and Leadership	p. 209
The Concept of Change Facilitator Style	p. 211
Discussion and Implications of Change Facilitator Style	p. 217
Underlying Dimensions of Change Facilitator Style	p. 220
Change Facilitator Style as a Significant Factor in Change	p. 223
Summary	p. 228
Constructing Understanding of Change: Intervention Mushrooms	p. 231
Focus Questions	p. 232
Introducing Mushrooms: A Unique Form of Intervention	p. 233
Intervention Mushrooms are Constructed	p. 235
The Life Cycle of Intervention Mushrooms	p. 237
Keys to the Construction of Intervention Mushrooms	p. 239
Dealing With a Growing Mushroom	p. 246
Evergreen Mushrooms	p. 248
Summary	p. 250
Combining Views and Tools	p. 252
Implementing Change: Applications, Implications, and Reflections	p. 254
Focus Questions	p. 254
Different Units of Intervention	p. 255
Bridging the Gap: Evaluating Implementation and the Connections to Outcomes	p. 258
Reflections About Organization Culture: Its Construction and PLC	p. 265
Postmodernism: Another Change Perspective	p. 273
Final Reflections About Implementing Change	p. 275
Summary	p. 278
Stages of Concern Questionnaire	p. 279
SoCQ Quick Scoring Device	p. 283
Levels of Use of the Innovation	p. 285
Six Dimensions of Change Facilitator Style	p. 288
References	p. 291
Index	p. 299
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