List of figures | p. x |
List of tables | p. xi |
List of contributors | p. xii |
Acknowledgements | p. xiii |
Introduction | p. xiv |
Working in organizations | p. 1 |
Shared vision through team and personal development | p. 3 |
Introduction | p. 3 |
Shared vision | p. 3 |
Shared vision and empowerment | p. 5 |
Shared vision in leadership | p. 6 |
Example from practice 1.1: failure to create a shared vision as a group | p. 7 |
Example from practice 1.2: successfully creating a shared vision as a group | p. 8 |
Communicating shared vision | p. 9 |
Communicating as a group | p. 10 |
Communication models | p. 11 |
Conclusion | p. 13 |
Key points | p. 13 |
Further reading | p. 14 |
Useful links | p. 14 |
References | p. 15 |
Leadership and change management | p. 17 |
Introduction | p. 17 |
Background to leadership | p. 17 |
So what is leadership? | p. 18 |
Leadership vision | p. 18 |
Leadership qualities | p. 19 |
Leadership, teamwork and motivation | p. 20 |
Types of leadership | p. 21 |
Leadership support for the follower | p. 24 |
What do we mean by clinical leadership? | p. 24 |
Change or improvement? | p. 25 |
Targets of change | p. 27 |
Models of change | p. 27 |
Organizational change | p. 30 |
Emotional responses to change | p. 31 |
Resistance to change | p. 31 |
Achieving excellent leadership in practice | p. 34 |
Organizational culture | p. 34 |
Support for leaders | p. 35 |
Conclusion | p. 35 |
Key points | p. 35 |
Further reading | p. 36 |
Useful links | p. 36 |
References | p. 37 |
Whole systems approaches to organizational working | p. 39 |
Introduction | p. 39 |
Background | p. 39 |
Where does the term 'whole systems approaches' originate from and what does it mean? | p. 40 |
The emergence of whole systems approaches within health and social care | p. 41 |
Whole systems approaches supporting the workings of health and social care organizations | p. 42 |
Potential advantages of using whole systems approaches to health and social care | p. 43 |
Types of whole systems approach | p. 47 |
Case study 3.1 Applying whole systems approaches to support getting evidence into practice | p. 49 |
Attribution of whole systems approach to nursing | p. 54 |
The future of whole systems reform to health and social care organizations and working | p. 55 |
Conclusion | p. 55 |
Key points | p. 56 |
Useful links | p. 56 |
References | p. 57 |
Collaborative working | p. 59 |
Cross-professional working and development | p. 61 |
Introduction | p. 61 |
Defining cross-professional working | p. 61 |
The outcomes of an effective cross-professional team | p. 63 |
How positive outcomes are achieved within a cross-professional team | p. 64 |
Different philosophies and stereotyping: challenges to interprofessional working | p. 65 |
Terminology in cross-professional learning | p. 69 |
Inter-agency working | p. 70 |
Case study 4.1 Cross-professional working | p. 70 |
A framework to understand inter-agency working | p. 71 |
Conclusion | p. 76 |
Key points | p. 77 |
Useful links | p. 77 |
References | p. 77 |
Integrated teamworking | p. 80 |
Introduction | p. 80 |
Background | p. 80 |
Drivers for integrated teamworking | p. 81 |
What is integrated teamworking? | p. 82 |
The core values of integrated teamworking | p. 83 |
Core factors of integrated teamworking: a framework for excellence in practice | p. 86 |
What does it mean to work in an 'integrated' way? | p. 92 |
Conclusion | p. 93 |
Key points | p. 94 |
Useful links | p. 95 |
References | p. 95 |
Factors influencing collaborative working | p. 97 |
Introduction | p. 97 |
Background | p. 97 |
The enabling and inhibiting influencing collaborative working | p. 98 |
Culture | p. 102 |
Case study 6.1 Proactive culture leading to a learning organization | p. 105 |
Management | p. 106 |
Leadership | p. 107 |
Communication | p. 108 |
Education and training | p. 110 |
Knowledge | p. 111 |
Support | p. 112 |
Conclusion | p. 113 |
Key points | p. 113 |
Further reading | p. 114 |
References | p. 114 |
User-focused care | p. 117 |
Exploring the meaning of user involvement and making it happen | p. 119 |
Introduction | p. 119 |
Background | p. 119 |
Origins of user and carer involvement | p. 120 |
Drivers for users and user involvement | p. 122 |
Models and frameworks for user and carer involvement | p. 124 |
Why user and carer involvement is important in achieving excellence in practice | p. 126 |
Case study 7.1 Examples of user/carer/lay participant involvement | p. 126 |
Challenges to user involvement | p. 128 |
Conclusion | p. 129 |
Key points | p. 130 |
Further reading | p. 130 |
Useful links | p. 131 |
References | p. 131 |
Ethical issues pertaining to user involvement in practice development | p. 135 |
Introduction | p. 135 |
Background | p. 136 |
Ethical implications of different approaches to user involvement | p. 138 |
The centrality of power | p. 139 |
Case study 8.1: Gender identity | p. 141 |
Some suggestions for principles to underpin the involvement of users in practice development | p. 142 |
Conclusion | p. 147 |
Key points | p. 147 |
Useful links | p. 148 |
References | p. 148 |
Developing excellent service user engagement: a practical example | p. 150 |
Introduction | p. 150 |
Background | p. 150 |
Support mechanisms | p. 152 |
Developing a strategy for user engagement | p. 154 |
Strategic planning and management: the importance of establishing a working or steering group | p. 155 |
Case study 9.1 An example from an educational setting: University of Teesside's School of Health & Social Care devised a set of terms of reference for user engagement | p. 156 |
Case study 9.2 An example of a user and carer event in a university User engagement: innovations in curriculum design, delivery, management and evaluation of the education of health and social care professionals | p. 159 |
User engagement: the way forward for the future | |
Case study 9.3 Interpersonal development | p. 166 |
Case study 9.4 An example of an effective episode in a case study of service user engagement | p. 168 |
Conclusion | p. 168 |
Key points | p. 168 |
References | p. 169 |
Equality and diversity in practice development | p. 170 |
Introduction | p. 170 |
Background | p. 170 |
Just political correctness? | p. 172 |
Diversity | p. 173 |
Equal opportunities | p. 173 |
Equity | p. 173 |
Equality | p. 174 |
Human rights | p. 174 |
Discrimination and oppression in health and social care | p. 174 |
Processes of discrimination | p. 177 |
A model to explore discrimination and oppression | p. 181 |
Case study 10.1 Raising awareness | p. 181 |
Conclusion | p. 183 |
Key points | p. 184 |
Further reading | p. 185 |
Useful links | p. 185 |
References | p. 185 |
Conclusion: the future facing working in organizations in health and social care | p. 187 |
Introduction | p. 187 |
Working in organizations: the importance of shared vision | p. 188 |
The role of leadership and change management | p. 188 |
A whole systems approach | p. 189 |
Collaborative working: cross-professional working | p. 189 |
Integrated teamworking | p. 189 |
Enabling collaborative working | p. 190 |
User-focused care: making user involvement a reality | p. 190 |
Ethical issues in user involvement | p. 191 |
Ways of engaging users | p. 191 |
Promoting equality and diversity | p. 191 |
Working in organizations in health and social care: a model for looking towards the future | p. 192 |
Further reading | p. 192 |
Index | p. 193 |
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