Cher Hendricks is a research scientist at Georgia Institute of Technology in the Center for Education Integrating Science, Math, and Computing (CEISMC). The focus of her work is on science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) research at the K-12 and post-secondary levels. Prior to her work with Georgia Tech, Cher was an associate professor of educational research and worked with masters, specialist, and doctoral students facilitating their action research projects. Prior to that, she was a teacher of students with disabilities in both inner city Houston and on a barrier island in South Carolina.
Research Methods in Education | p. 1 |
Ways Research Advances Knowledge About Education | p. 2 |
Quantitative Research | p. 2 |
Qualitative Research | p. 3 |
Action Research | p. 3 |
Comparison of Articles on Cooperative Learning | p. 7 |
The Origin of Action Research | p. 7 |
The Action Research Process | p. 10 |
Types of Action Research | p. 11 |
The Importance of Action Research for Improving Schools | p. 13 |
Becoming Familiar with the Language and Process of Action Research | p. 16 |
Reading Action Research Studies | p. 16 |
Summary | p. 77 |
Additional Reading Materials | p. 17 |
Action Research Resources | p. 18 |
Generating Research Ideas Through Reflection | p. 26 |
The History of Reflection in Education | p. 28 |
Reflection in Action Research | p. 29 |
Engaging in Reflexive Inquiry as a Way to Know Yourself as an Educator | p. 32 |
Reflecting to Identify a Research Focus | p. 33 |
Reflective Journals | p. 36 |
Reflecting with a Critical Friend | p. 38 |
Reflecting to Identify a Research Focus | p. 39 |
Summary | p. 41 |
Connecting Theory and Action: Reviewing the Literature | p. 42 |
Reviewing Literature as a Professional, Intellectual Activity | p. 43 |
Sources of Topic-Specific Literature | p. 45 |
Searching for Literature to Review | p. 47 |
ERIC | p. 48 |
ProQuest | p. 50 |
EBSCOhost | p. 52 |
Documents Not Available Full-Text | p. 53 |
Choosing, Evaluating, and Synthesizing Reviewed Literature for Action Research Studies | p. 53 |
Choosing Literature | p. 54 |
Evaluating Literature | p. 55 |
Synthesizing Literature | p. 56 |
Organizing and Writing the Literature Review | p. 57 |
Reviewing the Literature | p. 62 |
Summary | p. 64 |
Initial Planning of the Action Research Study | p. 69 |
Articulating Research Questions | p. 70 |
Articulating Research Questions | p. 74 |
Planning the Intervention | p. 75 |
Participants | p. 77 |
Collaboration | p. 78 |
Ethical Guidelines for Action Research Studies | p. 81 |
Planning the Intervention | p. 82 |
Gaining Informed Consent | p. 87 |
Summary | p. 87 |
Strategies for Collecting Data | p. 88 |
Collecting Multiple Forms of Data to Establish Credibility and Validity | p. 89 |
Methods of Data Collection: Artifacts, Observational Data, and Inquiry Data | p. 90 |
Artifacts | p. 91 |
Observational Data | p. 100 |
Inquiry Data | p. 109 |
The Importance of Collecting Baseline Data | p. 119 |
Aligning Data Collection Strategies with Research Questions | p. 120 |
Choosing Data Collection Strategies | p. 121 |
Summary | p. 122 |
Final Planning Before Implementation of the Study | p. 123 |
Definitions of Validity | p. 124 |
Determining Ways to Increase Validity | p. 125 |
Creating a Plan for Increasing Validity | p. 131 |
Engaging in Continuous, Ongoing Reflective Planning Throughout the Study | p. 131 |
Creating a Timeline for the Project | p. 133 |
Ongoing Reflective Planning and Creating a Timeline | p. 135 |
Summary | p. 135 |
Strategies for Data Analysis | p. 137 |
Interim Data Analysis | p. 137 |
Using Software Packages to Analyze Large Amounts of Data | p. 139 |
Analysis of Quantitative Data: Reporting, Comparing, and Displaying | p. 140 |
Tests | p. 141 |
Closed-Ended Items | p. 144 |
Checklists and Tally Sheets | p. 147 |
Computer-Generated Reports and School Records | p. 150 |
Analysis of Qualitative Data: Looking for Themes and Patterns | p. 153 |
Analysis of Quantitative Data | p. 154 |
Interviews, Focus Groups, and Conferences | p. 156 |
Observational Records and Field Notes | p. 160 |
Documents and Journals | p. 160 |
Open-Ended Items (Surveys, Scales, Self-Assessments, Peer Reviews) | p. 163 |
Analysis of Qualitative Data | p. 167 |
Triangulating Data Sources and Drawing Conclusions from Data | p. 168 |
Answering Research Questions and Reaching Conclusions | p. 170 |
Summary | p. 171 |
Writing and Disseminating the Action Research Report | p. 173 |
Guidelines for Writing the Final Action Research Report | p. 174 |
Paper Format | p. 174 |
Content Format | p. 177 |
Disseminating Action Research Findings | p. 179 |
Other Ways to Write Up Research | p. 184 |
Concluding Comments | p. 185 |
References | p. 186 |
Index | p. 191 |
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