Infrared Spectroscopy Fundamentals and Applications

by Stuart, Barbara H.

• ISBN13: 9780470854280
• ISBN10: 0470854286
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2004-07-30
• Publisher: WILEY

Summary

Provides an introduction to those needing to use infrared spectroscopy for the first time, explaining the fundamental aspects of this technique, how to obtain a spectrum and how to analyse infrared data covering a wide range of applications. Includes instrumental and sampling techniques Covers biological and industrial applications Includes suitable questions and problems in each chapter to assist in the analysis and interpretation of representative infrared spectra Part of the ANTS (Analytical Techniques in the Sciences) Series.

Author Biography

<b>Barbara Stuart, B.Sc. (Sydney), M.Sc. (Sydney), Ph.D. (London), D.I.C., MRACI, MRSC, Cchem</b><br> After graduating with a B.Sc. degree from the University of Sydney in Australia, Barbara Stuart then worked as a tutor at this university. She also carried out research in the field of biophysical chemistry in the Department of Physical Chemistry and graduated with an M.Sc. in 1990. The author then moved to the UK to carry out doctoral studies in polymer engineering within the Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemical Technology at Imperial College (University of London). After obtaining her Ph.D. in 1993, she took up a position as a Lecturer in Physical Chemistry at the University of Greenwich in South East London. Barbara returned to Australia in 1995, joining the staff at the University of Technology, Sydney, where she is currently a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Chemistry, Materials and Forensic Science. She is presently conducting research in the fields of polymer spectroscopy, materials conservation and forensic science. Barbara is the author of three other books published by John Wiley and Sons, Ltd, namely <i>Modern Infrared Spectroscopy</i> and <i>Biological Applications of Infrared Spectroscopy</i>, both in the ACOL series of open learning texts, and <i>Polymer Analysis</i> in this current AnTS series of texts.

Table of Contents

Series Preface	ix
Preface	xi
Acronyms, Abbreviations and Symbols	xiii
About the Author	xvii
Introduction	1	(14)
Electromagnetic Radiation	2	(3)
Infrared Absorptions	5	(1)
Normal Modes of Vibration	6	(5)
Complicating Factors	11	(4)
Overtone and Combination Bands	11	(1)
Fermi Resonance	12	(1)
Coupling	12	(1)
Vibration--Rotation Bands	12	(1)
References	13	(2)
Experimental Methods	15	(30)
Introduction	15	(1)
Dispersive Infrared Spectrometers	16	(2)
Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectrometers	18	(7)
Michelson Interferometers	18	(1)
Sources and Detectors	19	(1)
Fourier-Transformation	20	(1)
Moving Mirrors	21	(1)
Signal-Averaging	22	(1)
Advantages	23	(1)
Computers	23	(1)
Spectra	24	(1)
Transmission Methods	25	(8)
Liquids and Solutions	25	(3)
Solids	28	(3)
Gases	31	(1)
Pathlength Calibration	32	(1)
Reflectance Methods	33	(5)
Attenuated Total Reflectance Spectroscopy	33	(2)
Specular Reflectance Spectroscopy	35	(1)
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy	36	(1)
Photoacoustic Spectroscopy	37	(1)
Microsampling Methods	38	(3)
Chromatography--Infrared Spectroscopy	41	(1)
Thermal Analysis--Infrared Spectroscopy	42	(1)
Other Techniques	43	(2)
References	44	(1)
Spectral Analysis	45	(26)
Introduction	45	(1)
Group Frequencies	46	(2)
Mid-Infrared Region	46	(1)
Near-Infrared Region	47	(1)
Far-Infrared Region	48	(1)
Identification	48	(1)
Hydrogen Bonding	49	(2)
Spectrum Manipulation	51	(6)
Baseline Correction	51	(1)
Smoothing	51	(1)
Difference Spectra	52	(1)
Derivatives	53	(1)
Deconvolution	54	(2)
Curve-Fitting	56	(1)
Concentration	57	(2)
Simple Quantitative Analysis	59	(4)
Analysis of Liquid Samples	59	(3)
Analysis of Solid Samples	62	(1)
Multi-Component Analysis	63	(4)
Calibration Methods	67	(4)
References	70	(1)
Organic Molecules	71	(24)
Introduction	71	(1)
Aliphatic Hydrocarbons	71	(3)
Aromatic Compounds	74	(2)
Oxygen-Containing Compounds	76	(4)
Alcohols and Phenols	76	(1)
Ethers	76	(1)
Aldehydes and Ketones	76	(2)
Esters	78	(1)
Carboxylic Acids and Anhydrides	79	(1)
Nitrogen-Containing Compounds	80	(2)
Amines	80	(1)
Amides	80	(2)
Halogen-Containing Compounds	82	(1)
Heterocyclic Compounds	83	(1)
Boron Compounds	83	(1)
Silicon Compounds	83	(1)
Phosphorus Compounds	84	(1)
Sulfur Compounds	85	(1)
Near-Infrared Spectra	86	(2)
Identification	88	(7)
References	93	(2)
Inorganic Molecules	95	(18)
Introduction	95	(1)
General Considerations	96	(2)
Normal Modes of Vibration	98	(4)
Coordination Compounds	102	(2)
Isomerism	104	(1)
Metal Carbonyls	105	(2)
Organometallic Compounds	107	(1)
Minerals	107	(6)
References	110	(3)
Polymers	113	(24)
Introduction	113	(1)
Identification	114	(9)
Polymerization	123	(1)
Structure	124	(6)
Surfaces	130	(2)
Degradation	132	(5)
References	135	(2)
Biological Applications	137	(30)
Introduction	137	(1)
Lipids	138	(3)
Proteins and Peptides	141	(10)
Nucleic Acids	151	(1)
Disease Diagnosis	152	(3)
Microbial Cells	155	(3)
Plants	158	(3)
Clinical Chemistry	161	(6)
References	163	(4)
Industrial and Environmental Applications	167	(20)
Introduction	167	(1)
Pharmaceutical Applications	168	(6)
Food Science	174	(4)
Agricultural Applications	178	(1)
Pulp and Paper Industries	179	(1)
Paint Industry	180	(3)
Environmental Applications	183	(4)
References	185	(2)
Responses to Self-Assessment Questions	187	(18)
Bibliography	205	(6)
Glossary of Terms	211	(4)
SI Units and Physical Constants	215	(4)
Periodic Table	219	(2)
Index	221