Inside Panama

by Barry, Tom; Lindsay-Poland, John; Gandasegui, Marco; Simonson, Peter; Resource Center (Albuquerque, N. M.)

• ISBN13: 9780911213508
• ISBN10: 0911213503
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1995-12-01
• Publisher: Interhemispheric

Table of Contents

Introduction	xiii
Part 1: Government and Politics
Dictators and Democrats	3	(19)
Legal Structure of Government	4	(1)
Washington and Panama City	5	(3)
Oligarchy	8	(4)
Military	12	(5)
Government Comes Full Circle	17	(1)
Popular Sectors	18	(2)
The 1989 Election and Anti-Noriega Coalition	20	(2)
Government After the Invasion	22	(9)
Political Specters and the 1994 Elections	24	(7)
Part 2: Security Forces and Human Rights
Changing of the Guard	31	(7)
Expanding Political and Military Role	32	(3)
PDF: Army That Once Was	35	(1)
Planning a Barracks Mutiny	36	(2)
Paramilitary Groups	38	(1)
Public Force	39	(3)
The Military Question	42	(3)
Human Rights	45	(6)
Part 3: Economy
State of the Economy	51	(5)
The Transit Economy	54	(2)
Military-Led Reformism and Rising Debt	56	(24)
Structural Adjustment and Neoliberalism	58	(1)
The War of Economic Sanctions	59	(3)
Economic Recovery	62	(3)
Services, Industry, and Finance	65	(1)
The Panama Canal	65	(1)
Managing the Canal Area	66	(1)
Colon Free Zone Booms	67	(1)
International Banking Center	68	(2)
Paper Companies, Ship Registry, and a Pipeline	70	(1)
Domestic Industry	71	(3)
Agriculture	74	(1)
The Government and the Farm Sector	75	(2)
Traditional and Nontraditional Agroexports	77	(3)
Economic Challenges in the 1990s	80	(5)
Part 4: Society and Environment
Popular Organizing	85	(7)
Pacifying Effects of Torrijismo	87	(1)
Organizing after the Invasion	88	(2)
Precarismo	90	(2)
Workers and the Labor Movement	92	(11)
The Labor Movement's Decline in the 1980s	96	(1)
Postinvasion Challenges	97	(2)
Major Labor Organizations	99	(4)
Education and Students	103	(2)
The State of Health	105	(3)
Communications Media	108	(5)
Print Media	109	(1)
Radio	109	(1)
Television	110	(1)
U.S. Government Information Services	111	(2)
Religion	113	(6)
The Institutional Church	114	(1)
Politics and the Church	115	(2)
Protestantism to Pentecostalism	117	(2)
Women and Feminism	119	(3)
Minorities and Native Peoples	122	(5)
Native Panamanians	123	(4)
Refugees and the Internally Displaced	127	(1)
Ecology and Environmentalism	128	(7)
Deforestation and National Parks	129	(2)
Environmentalists Organize	131	(4)
Part 5: U.S.-Panama Relations
Wealth, Power, and Nationalism	135	(52)
A Vision of Mutuality	140	(1)
Treaty Negotiations	141	(4)
The U.S. Invasion	145	(2)
The Invasion's Aftermath	147	(1)
International Aid Steps In	148	(3)
U.S. Investment and Trade Relations	151	(2)
The Drug Card	153	(2)
U.S. Military Presence	155	(2)
The Future of the U.S. Bases	157	(3)
Future uses of the Canal Area	160	(1)
Military Toxics: An Emerging Issue	161	(2)
U.S. Policy for Clean-Up in Panama	163	(1)
U.S. Canal Policy	163	(2)
Impact of 1994 U.S. Elections	165	(1)
Treaty Implementation: ``Critical Point''	166	(1)
Responses in Panama	167	(2)
Prospects for U.S. Policy	169	(4)
References
Introduction	173	(1)
Government and Politics	173	(1)
Security Forces and Human Rights	174	(1)
Economy	175	(3)
Society and Environment	178	(4)
U.S. Panama Relations	182	(5)
Bibliography	187	(4)
Chronology	191	(8)
For More Information	199