Instant Notes Biochemistry

by Hames, B. D.

• ISBN13: 9781859961421
• ISBN10: 1859961428
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2004-09-01
• Publisher: Routledge

Table of Contents

Abbreviations	viii
Preface	x
Section A Cell organization	1	(18)
A1 Prokaryotes	1	(3)
A2 Eukaryotes	4	(6)
A3 Microscopy	10	(5)
A4 Cellular fractionation	15	(4)
Section B Amino acids and proteins	19	(50)
B1 Amino acids	19	(4)
B2 Acids and bases	23	(4)
B3 Protein structure	27	(9)
B4 Myoglobin and hemoglobin	36	(7)
B5 Collagen	43	(7)
B6 Protein purification	50	(4)
B7 Chromatography of proteins	54	(4)
B8 Electrophoresis of proteins	58	(5)
B9 Protein sequencing and peptide synthesis	63	(6)
Section C Enzymes	69	(28)
C1 Introduction to enzymes	69	(7)
C2 Thermodynamics	76	(5)
C3 Enzyme kinetics	81	(6)
C4 Enzyme inhibition	87	(3)
C5 Regulation of enzyme activity	90	(7)
Section D Antibodies	97	(20)
D1 The immune system	97	(4)
D2 Antibody structure	101	(4)
D3 Polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies	105	(2)
D4 Antibody synthesis	107	(5)
D5 Antibodies as tools	112	(5)
Section E Membranes	117	(30)
E1 Membrane lipids	117	(7)
E2 Membrane protein and carbohydrate	124	(7)
E3 Membrane transport: small molecules	131	(5)
E4 Membrane transport: macromolecules	136	(5)
E5 Signal transduction	141	(6)
Section F DNA structure and replication	147	(20)
F1 DNA structure	147	(5)
F2 Chromosomes	152	(5)
F3 DNA replication in bacteria	157	(5)
F4 DNA replication in eukaryotes	162	(5)
Section G RNA synthesis and processing	167	(48)
G1 RNA structure	167	(2)
G2 Transcription in prokaryotes	169	(4)
G3 The lac operon	173	(4)
G4 The trp operon	177	(4)
G5 Transcription in eukaryotes: an overview	181	(2)
G6 Transcription of protein-coding genes in eukaryotes	183	(4)
G7 Regulation of transcription by RNA Pol II	187	(8)
G8 Processing of eukaryotic pre-mRNA	195	(8)
G9 Ribosomal RNA	203	(6)
G10 Transfer RNA	209	(6)
Section H Protein synthesis	215	(28)
H1 The genetic code	215	(4)
H2 Translation in prokaryotes	219	(8)
H3 Translation in eukaryotes	227	(3)
H4 Protein targeting	230	(8)
H5 Protein glycosylation	238	(5)
Section I Recombinant DNA technology	243	(24)
I1 Restriction enzymes	243	(5)
I2 Nucleic acid hybridization	248	(3)
I3 DNA cloning	251	(5)
I4 Viruses	256	(4)
I5 DNA sequencing	260	(3)
I6 Polymerase chain reaction	263	(4)
Section J Carbohydrate metabolism	267	(44)
J1 Monosaccharides and disaccharides	267	(7)
J2 Polysaccharides and oligosaccharides	274	(4)
J3 Glycolysis	278	(11)
J4 Gluconeogenesis	289	(9)
J5 Pentose phosphate pathway	298	(4)
J6 Glycogen metabolism	302	(3)
J7 Control of glycogen metabolism	305	(6)
Section K Lipid metabolism	311	(32)
K1 Structures and roles of fatty acids	311	(4)
K2 Fatty acid breakdown	315	(7)
K3 Fatty acid synthesis	322	(6)
K4 Triacylglycerols	328	(5)
K5 Cholesterol	333	(6)
K6 Lipoproteins	339	(4)
Section L Respiration and energy	343	(26)
L1 Citric acid cycle	343	(4)
L2 Electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation	347	(12)
L3 Photosynthesis	359	(10)
Section M Nitrogen metabolism	369	(22)
M1 Nitrogen fixation and assimilation	369	(4)
M2 Amino acid metabolism	373	(7)
M3 The urea cycle	380	(6)
M4 Hemes and chlorophylls	386	(5)
Section N Cell specialization	391	(14)
N1 Muscle	391	(6)
N2 Cilia and flagella	397	(3)
N3 Nerve	400	(5)
Further reading	405	(8)
Index	413