Instruction and the Learning Environment

by Keefe, James W.; Jenkins, John M.

• ISBN13: 9781883001285
• ISBN10: 1883001285
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1997-01-01
• Publisher: Eye on Education

Summary

For leaders of elementary, middle, or high schools, this book shows how your school can excel in reaching students with diverse learning styles; providing "authentic" instruction and performance assessment; applying constructivist learning methodologies; and enhancing learning through alternative scheduling.

Table of Contents

Foreword	v
About the Authors	viii
Preface	ix
Introduction	xv
The School as a Learning Organization	1	(14)
Creating a Learning Organization	3	(1)
The Five Disciplines	4	(3)
Building Shared Vision	4	(1)
Personal Mastery	4	(1)
Mental Models	5	(1)
Team Learning	5	(1)
Systems Thinking	5	(2)
School as Community	7	(2)
School Culture and Climate	9	(1)
Constructivism and Critical Pedagogy	10	(3)
Toward a Learning Organization	13	(2)
Action Steps	13	(2)
Learning and Information Processing	15	(18)
Background History	16	(2)
Information Processing Theory	18	(10)
Perceptual Systems	19	(1)
Working Memory	20	(2)
Long-term Memory	22	(2)
To Reject	24	(1)
To Transform	24	(1)
To Memorize	24	(1)
To Learn	25	(1)
Cognitive Controls	25	(3)
The Learning Process	28	(1)
Style-Based Learning and Instruction	29	(4)
Action Steps	32	(1)
Instructional Models	33	(20)
Paradigms of Instruction	36	(8)
The Behavior Model	36	(1)
The Development Model	37	(1)
The Apprenticeship Model	38	(1)
Instruction and Learning	38	(1)
Types of Knowledge	38	(3)
Instructional Practice	41	(3)
An Instructional System	44	(9)
Action Steps	52	(1)
Authentic Pedagogy	53	(20)
Authentic Achievement	55	(2)
Construction of Knowledge	55	(1)
Disciplined Inquiry	56	(1)
Value Beyond School	57	(1)
Authentic Achievement As Facilitator	57	(1)
Authentic Instruction	57	(4)
Authentic Assessment	61	(4)
Construction of Knowledge	61	(1)
Disciplined Inquiry	62	(2)
Value Beyond School	64	(1)
Authentic Student Performance	65	(5)
Authentic Cognitive Apprenticeships	70	(3)
Action Steps	72	(1)
The Learning Environment	73	(26)
Learning Environments	76	(9)
A Historical Example---The John Dewey School	78	(1)
A Contemporary Model---The Cognitive Apprenticeship	79	(6)
Tactics and Patterns	85	(10)
Scaffolding	87	(1)
Reciprocal Teaching	88	(3)
Coaching	91	(4)
Management of the Learning Environment	95	(4)
Action Steps	98	(1)
Subject Matter Instruction and Assessment	99	(20)
English / Language Arts	101	(2)
Mathematics	103	(3)
Science	106	(2)
History	108	(1)
Geography	109	(1)
The Arts	110	(2)
Testing and Instruction	112	(1)
New Forms of Assessment	113	(6)
Action Steps	118	(1)
Scheduling and Instructional Organization	119	(22)
Historical Perspective	120	(5)
Current Efforts at Schedule Reform	125	(4)
Assumptions and Guidelines for Scheduling	129	(1)
A Student-Driven Schedule	130	(5)
Organization of the Learning Environment	135	(6)
Action Steps	139	(2)
Motivation and Learning	141	(16)
Basic Needs	141	(2)
The Art of Persuasion	143	(5)
Extrinsic Rewards	144	(2)
Intrinsic Motivation	146	(1)
Comparing Extrinsic and Intrinsic Rewards	147	(1)
Creating Motivational School Environments	148	(4)
The Total School	148	(1)
Classroom Meetings	149	(1)
Curriculum	149	(1)
Instruction	150	(1)
Learning Style	150	(1)
Advisement	150	(1)
Cooperative Learning	151	(1)
Choices	151	(1)
Motivation and Reluctant Learners	152	(2)
Motivation in Perspective	154	(3)
Action Steps	156	(1)
Action Research	157	(18)
Historical Perspective	158	(1)
What Is Action Research?	159	(1)
Assumptions	160	(1)
Types of Action Research	161	(1)
The Process	162	(1)
Preparing Educators to Conduct Action Research Projects	163	(3)
Examples of Action Research	166	(5)
The Future	171	(4)
Action Steps	172	(3)
References	175