Intercultural Communication Encounters

by Klopf, Donald W.; McCroskey, James

• ISBN13: 9780205458813
• ISBN10: 0205458815
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2006-05-30
• Publisher: Pearson

Summary

Intercultural Encounters provides a brief, but broad introduction to the fundamentals of intercultural communication. This book combines theory and knowledge from different disciplines to help prepare the reader to interact successfully with people who think, feel, and behave differently than they do. Brief commentaries from noted scholars in the field, exercises, activities, and discussion questions provide the reader with an opportunity to develop communication skills in todayrs"s increasingly diverse world.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. vi
Communicating Across Cultures	p. 1
Intercultural Encounters	p. 3
Diversity in America	p. 3
Diversity Abroad	p. 4
Globalization and Technology	p. 5
Origins of Intercultural Contact	p. 6
Cultural Discord	p. 8
Communicating Competently Interculturally	p. 9
The Field of Study	p. 10
An Educational Exigency	p. 13
Chapter Review	p. 14
Think About This	p. 14
Exercises 1 and 2	p. 15
Culture: The Heart of Diversity	p. 20
Culture Defined	p. 20
Broad Version of Culture	p. 21
Narrow Version of Culture	p. 21
Culture Is a Blueprint	p. 21
Culture's Characteristics	p. 22
Cultural Universals	p. 26
Comparing Cultural Patterns	p. 27
Cultural Impact on Life	p. 28
Chapter Review	p. 30
Think About This	p. 31
Exercise 3	p. 31
Interpersonally Communicating	p. 33
Introduction	p. 33
Forms of Communication	p. 33
Oral Communication Defined	p. 34
Classes of Messages	p. 36
The Communication Process	p. 37
Communication's Elements	p. 38
Chapter Review	p. 43
Think About This	p. 43
Exercise 4	p. 43
Communicating Across Cultures	p. 45
Introduction	p. 45
Cultures Within Cultures	p. 45
U.S.A. Macroculture	p. 46
Americans Are Us	p. 47
American Microcultures	p. 48
Membership in Multiple Microcultures	p. 54
Multiculturalism	p. 56
Communicating Interculturally	p. 58
Culture's Impact on Communication	p. 59
Axioms About Intercultural Communication	p. 60
Related Concepts	p. 63
The Three Worlds of Communication	p. 65
Chapter Review	p. 66
Think About This	p. 66
Exercises 5 and 6	p. 67
Components of Intercultural Communication	p. 71
Perceiving and Motivating	p. 73
Perception	p. 73
Perception Defined	p. 74
The Perception Process	p. 74
Motivation	p. 78
The Western View of Motivation	p. 79
The Eastern View of Motivation	p. 80
Chapter Review	p. 81
Think About This	p. 82
Exercises 7 and 8	p. 82
Behavioral Guides	p. 86
Introduction	p. 86
Values: Cultural Standards	p. 87
Dominant American Values	p. 88
The Hofstede Value Dimensions	p. 89
Beliefs	p. 95
Attitudes	p. 100
Chapter Review	p. 103
Think About This	p. 103
Exercises 9, 10, and 11	p. 104
Cultural Antipathy	p. 110
Introduction	p. 110
Ethnocentrism	p. 111
Stereotyping	p. 114
Prejudice	p. 117
Causes of Prejudice	p. 123
Interventions	p. 125
Chapter Review	p. 127
Think About This	p. 128
Exercises 12 and 13	p. 128
Cultural Foundations: Social Institutions	p. 132
Introduction	p. 132
The Family	p. 133
Education	p. 136
Distance Education	p. 140
Religion	p. 141
Political Institutions	p. 148
Types of Political Systems	p. 148
Chapter Review	p. 150
Think About This	p. 151
Exercises 14 and 15	p. 152
Culturally Diverse Interpersonal Relationships	p. 154
Introduction	p. 154
Relationships Across Cultures	p. 155
Self-Disclosure	p. 156
Uncertainty Avoidance	p. 156
Face	p. 158
Social Stratification	p. 160
Interpersonal Intercultural Conflict	p. 162
The Conflict Process	p. 163
Conflict Management and Resolution	p. 164
Chapter Review	p. 168
Think About This	p. 169
Exercises 16, 17, and 18	p. 170
Transmitting Intercultural Messages	p. 175
Communicating Verbally Interculturally	p. 177
Introduction	p. 177
Verbal Communication	p. 178
Types of Languages	p. 192
Chapter Review	p. 193
Think About This	p. 193
Exercises 19 and 20	p. 194
Verbal Diversity Among Americans	p. 196
Introduction	p. 196
Age	p. 197
Gender	p. 198
Black English	p. 200
Asian Americans	p. 202
Hispanic Languages	p. 205
Mexican American	p. 205
Regional Variations	p. 207
Non-English Speakers	p. 210
Chapter Review	p. 211
Think About This	p. 211
Exercise 21	p. 212
Communicating Nonverbally Interculturally	p. 215
Introduction	p. 215
Verbal and Nonverbal Communication	p. 216
Types of Nonverbal Behavior	p. 216
Characteristics of Nonverbal Communication	p. 217
Functions of Nonverbal Behavior	p. 219
Body Movement	p. 221
Eye Contact	p. 223
Physical Appearance and Clothing	p. 224
Physical Touch	p. 228
Paralanguage	p. 231
Space	p. 231
Time	p. 232
Environment	p. 234
Monitoring Nonverbal Behavior	p. 235
Chapter Review	p. 236
Think About This	p. 237
Exercises 22, 23, 24, and 25	p. 237
Achieving Competence in Intercultural Communication	p. 245
Adapting to Diversity: Cultural Shock	p. 247
Introduction	p. 247
Culture Shock	p. 248
Causes of Cultural Shock	p. 250
Stages in Cultural Shock	p. 252
W-Curve Theory	p. 254
Acculturation	p. 258
Coping on a Short-Term Basis	p. 260
Assimilation and Pluralism	p. 261
Chapter Review	p. 262
Think About This	p. 263
Exercise 26	p. 263
Coping Competently with Strangers	p. 265
Introduction	p. 265
Intercultural Communication Competence	p. 265
Achieving Intercultural Competence	p. 266
Listening	p. 266
Language	p. 270
Indirectness	p. 272
Restricted Codes	p. 272
Nonverbal Behavior	p. 273
Intercultural Relationships	p. 273
Personal Orientation	p. 275
Training to Work Abroad	p. 275
Ethics in Intercultural Communication	p. 276
Chapter Review	p. 277
Think About This	p. 278
Exercises 27, 28, and 29	p. 278
References	p. 283
Index	p. 289
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