International Business Transactions : Problems, Cases, and Materials

by Chow, Daniel C. K.

• ISBN13: 9780735539853
• ISBN10: 0735539855
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2005-01-01
• Publisher: Wolters Kluwer

Summary

Now there is a casebook with an innovative approach that covers the planning, structure, and implementation of the private international business transactions that characterize transnational commerce in the modern world. Internal Business Transactions: Problems, Cases, and Materials is a concise teaching tool that will prepare students for future work in the international business law arena. the casebook addresses the four principal channels of modern international commerce: trade in goods trade in services transfer of technology and knowledge foreign direct investment and focuses on transnational business and commercial transactions involving private entities or between private entities and governmental organizations acting in a commercial capacity. the casebook is distinctly realistic and practical, while also covering important policy and ethical issues: integrates the regulation of international trade (treaties, trade agreements, and other public law defining the trade relationships among nations) into the casebook as background material while concentrating on the transactional aspects of international business to give students a preview of practice devotes equal coverage to developed and developing nations includes a chapter on the social obligations of multinational enterprises, An area of growing importance, and materials on the ethical, political, and cultural issues facing modern international transactions lawyers provides extensive coverage of intellectual property uses frequent short problems to serve as a basis for classroom discussion provides up-to-date cases plus textual explanations and analysis written by the authors, with less reliance on excerpts from law review articles, treaties, and other secondary sources maintaines a manageable length to avoid overwhelming students and to maximize teaching flexibility provides briefs of the principal cases; answers to every question asked in the text; and answers, discussion, and analysis of every problem in the text in their detailed Teacher's Manual

Table of Contents

Preface	xxvii
Acknowledgments	xxix
Introduction	1	(58)
Some Background Considerations	1	(13)
Scope and Approach of This Book	1	(4)
Notes and Questions	5	(1)
Counsel in International Business	5	(1)
Notes and Questions	5	(1)
Issues Faced by Lawyers	6	(1)
Role of Counsel for an MNE	6	(3)
Challenges for the International Lawyer	9	(1)
Problem 1-1	10	(1)
Problem 1-2	11	(1)
Cultural Concerns	11	(2)
Notes and Questions	13	(1)
Problem 1-3	14	(1)
Problem 1-4	14	(1)
The Growth of International Business Since the Second World War	14	(3)
Modern Forms and Patterns of International Business and Commerce	17	(5)
Trade in Goods	17	(2)
Trade in Services	19	(1)
Foreign Direct Investment	20	(1)
Knowledge and Technology Transfer	21	(1)
Some Important New Developments	22	(5)
The Rise of China and East and South Asia	22	(1)
The Role of Multinational Enterprises	23	(1)
Globalization	24	(2)
Notes and Questions	26	(1)
Problem 1-5	26	(1)
The Legal Framework for International Business Transactions	27	(16)
Introductory Considerations	27	(1)
International Conflicts of Law and Choice of Law	27	(2)
The New Lex Mercatoria (Law Merchant)	29	(1)
Sources of Law for International Business Transactions	30	(2)
International Forums and Institutions	32	(1)
UNCITRAL	32	(1)
UNIDROIT	33	(2)
The International Chamber of Commerce	35	(1)
Major Categories of International Business Law	36	(1)
Public International Law	36	(1)
Regional Supranational Law	37	(1)
Uniform Codes and Other Harmonizing Measures	37	(1)
Domestic Law	38	(1)
Notes and Questions	39	(1)
Problem 1-6	39	(1)
Relationship of Sources of International Law to Domestic Law	39	(2)
Problem 1-7	41	(1)
Problem 1-8	42	(1)
International Economic Law: The Public Law Institutions and Rules That Facilitate and Regulate International Business	43	(16)
Problem 1-9	44	(1)
The World Trade Organization	44	(1)
The WTO: Functions and Structure	45	(1)
Decision-Making	45	(1)
A Summary of GATT Obligations	46	(1)
The GATT Tariff Negotiating Rounds	47	(1)
The Creation of the WTO	48	(1)
The North American Free Trade Agreement	49	(1)
NAFTA Objectives	49	(1)
Dispute Resolution Under NAFTA	50	(2)
The European Union	52	(1)
Free Trade in Asia	52	(1)
ASEAN	53	(1)
APEC	53	(1)
The Proposed Free Trade Area of the Americas	54	(1)
Developing Countries	54	(1)
The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development	55	(1)
Trade Institutions and Policy in the United States	56	(1)
Notes and Questions	57	(2)
International Sale of Goods	59	(128)
Overview of the International Sales Transaction	59	(71)
Expectations of the Parties	60	(1)
The International Context	61	(2)
The Sales Contract	63	(1)
Form 2-1 Letter of Inquiry	64	(1)
Form 2-2 Pro Forma Invoice	65	(1)
Form 2-3 Purchase Order	66	(1)
Questions	67	(1)
Letter of Credit	67	(1)
Questions	68	(1)
Form 2-4 Commercial Letter of Credit	69	(1)
The Bill of Lading and the Contract of Affreightment	70	(1)
Form 2-5 Bill of Lading	71	(1)
Notes and Questions	72	(1)
Overview of the Entire Documentary Sale Transaction	72	(3)
Notes and Questions	75	(1)
Commercial Terms Under the ICC Incoterms	75	(3)
Problem 2-1	78	(1)
INCOTERMS 2000 ICC Official Rules for the Interpretation of Trade Terms	79	(1)
FOB	79	(3)
Problem 2-2	82	(1)
CIF	82	(4)
Interpretation of Commercial Terms	86	(1)
Problem 2-3	86	(1)
Biddell Brothers v. E. Clemens Horst Company	87	(3)
Notes and Questions	90	(1)
E. Clemens Horst Company v. Biddell Brothers	91	(1)
Notes and Questions	91	(2)
Documents of Title	93	(1)
Problem 2-4	93	(1)
Comptoir d'Achat et de Vente Du Boerenbond Belge S/A v. Luis de Ridder Limitada (The Julia)	93	(5)
Notes and Questions	98	(3)
Problem 2-5	101	(1)
The Contract of Affreightment, Bill of Lading, and Insurance	101	(1)
The Contract of Affreightment	101	(1)
F.D. Import & Export Corp. v. M/V Reefer Sun	102	(5)
Notes and Questions	107	(1)
The Bill of Lading	107	(3)
Problem 2-6	110	(1)
Fruit of the Loom v. Arawak Caribbean Line Ltd.	111	(3)
Problem 2-7	114	(1)
Steel Coils, Inc. v. M/V Lake Marion	115	(7)
Notes and Questions	122	(1)
Marine Insurance	123	(1)
American National Fire Insurance Co. v. Mirasco, Inc.	123	(6)
Notes and Questions	129	(1)
Problem 2-8	130	(1)
The International Sales Contract and International Trade Law Considerations	130	(57)
Export Trade Matters	132	(1)
Problem 2-9	132	(1)
Problem 2-10	132	(1)
Problem 2-11	132	(1)
Avoiding Problems Under . . . U.S. Antiboycott Laws, OFAC Sanctions, Export Controls, and the Economic Espionage Act	133	(8)
Lucinda A. Low
William M. McGlone
Notes	141	(1)
Import Trade Matters	142	(1)
Problem 2-12	142	(1)
Problem 2-13	143	(1)
Problem 2-14	143	(1)
Problem 2-15	143	(1)
Sandstrom, McCalmon, & Goody, The Impact of Trade and Customs Laws upon International Commercial Transactions	144	(14)
Notes and Questions	158	(2)
Import Cases	160	(1)
Classification Issues	160	(1)
North American Processing Co. v. United States	160	(2)
JVC Co. of America v. United States	162	(2)
Better Home Plastics Corp. v. United States	164	(1)
Notes and Questions	165	(1)
Problem 2-16	166	(1)
Marubeni America Corp. v. United States	166	(4)
Heartland By-Products v. United States	170	(5)
Notes and Questions	175	(1)
Valuation Issues	175	(1)
Century Importers, Inc. v. United States	175	(3)
Notes and Questions	178	(1)
Problem 2-17	179	(1)
Rules of Origin	179	(1)
Zuniga v. United States	179	(2)
Notes and Questions	181	(1)
Problem 2-18	181	(1)
Marking	181	(1)
Bestfoods v. United States	181	(3)
Notes and Questions	184	(1)
Problem 2-19	184	(1)
Note on International Trade Law and the Import/Export Sales Transaction	185	(2)
The Sales Contract	187	(64)
Choice of Law	187	(5)
Kristinus v. H. Stern Com. E. Ind. S.A.	187	(2)
Notes and Questions	189	(3)
The United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods	192	(59)
Basic Features of the CISG	192	(1)
Historical Origins	193	(1)
Cases on the CISG	193	(1)
Note on the UNIDROIT Principles	194	(1)
Sphere of Application of the CISG: Articles 1-6	194	(1)
Article 1(1)(a) and the Test of Internationality	195	(1)
Problem 3-1	195	(1)
Article 1(1)(b)	196	(1)
Notes and Questions	197	(1)
Problem 3-2	198	(1)
Other Issues Relating to Scope	198	(1)
Problem 3-3	198	(1)
Problem 3-4	199	(1)
Amco Ukrservice & Prompriladamco v. American Meter Company	199	(5)
UNCITRAL CLOUT Case 131	204	(1)
UNCITRAL CLOUT Case 122	204	(1)
Notes and Questions	204	(2)
Interpreting the CISG: Articles 7-13	206	(1)
Notes and Questions	207	(1)
Problem 3-5	208	(1)
GPL Treatment, Ltd. v. Louisiana-Pacific Corp.	208	(1)
Notes and Questions	209	(1)
Part II of the CISG: Formation of the Contract	209	(1)
The Offer	210	(1)
Acceptance, Withdrawal, and Revocation of an Offer	210	(1)
Problem 3-6	211	(1)
Problem 3-7	212	(1)
Acceptance	212	(2)
Problem 3-8	214	(1)
Filanto, S.P.A. v. Chilewich International Corp.	215	(3)
Question	218	(1)
Problem 3-9	219	(1)
Notes and Questions	219	(2)
Formation of the Complex Sales Contract Under the CISG	221	(1)
Problem 3-10	222	(1)
United Technologies International Pratt & Whitney Commercial Engine Business v. Malev Hungarian Airlines	223	(3)
Notes and Questions	226	(1)
Performance of the Contract	227	(1)
Delivery by Seller	228	(1)
Problem 3-11	228	(1)
Notes	228	(1)
Conforming Goods	229	(1)
Problem 3-12	229	(1)
Problem 3-13	229	(1)
Medical Marketing International, Inc. v. Internazionale Medico Scientifica, S.r.l.	230	(2)
BP Oil International, Ltd. v. Empresa Estatal Petroleos de Ecuador	232	(2)
Notes and Questions	234	(1)
Payment by Buyer	235	(1)
Problem 3-14	235	(1)
Problem 3-15	236	(1)
Unilex, D. 1995-1	236	(1)
Problem 3-16	236	(1)
Excused Performance	237	(1)
Article 79	237	(1)
Problem 3-17	238	(1)
Tsakiroglou & Co. Ltd. v. Noblee Thorl G.m.b.H.	239	(3)
Performance Delegated to a Third Party
Problem 3-18	242	(1)
Unilex, D. 1993-3.4	243	(1)
Notes and Questions	243	(1)
Remedies	244	(1)
Remedies of the Seller	244	(1)
Problem 3-19	245	(1)
Notes and Questions	245	(1)
Problem 3-20	246	(1)
Problem 3-21	246	(1)
Remedies of the Buyer	247	(1)
Problem 3-22	247	(1)
Problem 3-23	247	(1)
Problem 3-24	248	(1)
Problem 3-25	248	(1)
Anticipatory Breach and Installment Contracts	248	(1)
Problem 3-26	248	(1)
Problem 3-27	248	(1)
Notes and Questions	249	(2)
Letters of Credit	251	(70)
Sources of Letter of Credit Law	251	(1)
Letter of Credit Basics	252	(6)
Questions	256	(1)
Problem 4-1	257	(1)
Problem 4-2	257	(1)
Problem 4-3	257	(1)
Problem 4-4	258	(1)
Problem 4-5	258	(1)
Basic Principles of Letter of Credit Law	258	(63)
The Independence Principle	258	(1)
Problem 4-6	259	(1)
Urquhart Lindsay and Company, Ltd. v. Eastern Bank Ltd.	260	(2)
Notes and Questions	262	(1)
Maurice O'Meara Co. v. National Park Bank of New York	263	(5)
Notes and Questions	268	(2)
Strict Compliance	270	(1)
Problem 4-7	270	(1)
J.H. Rayner and Company, Ltd. v. Hambro's Bank, Ltd.	271	(4)
Hanil Bank v. PT. Bank Negara Indonesia	275	(4)
Notes and Questions	279	(2)
Problem 4-8	281	(1)
Problem 4-9	282	(1)
Note on Electronic Communications	282	(1)
Problem 4-10	283	(1)
The Fraud Exception to the Independence Principle and Enjoining the Letter of Credit	284	(1)
The Problem of Fraud	284	(2)
Sources of Law	286	(1)
Different Types of Innocent Parties	287	(1)
Fraud Cases Not Involving Innocent Third Parties	288	(1)
Problem 4-11	289	(1)
Mid-America Tire, Inc. v. PTZ Trading Ltd.	290	(12)
Notes and Questions	302	(1)
Enjoining the Standby Letter of Credit	303	(1)
The Standby Letter of Credit	303	(2)
Sources of Law for the Standby Credit	305	(1)
Notes and Questions	305	(1)
Problem 4-12	306	(1)
American Bell International, Inc. v. Islamic Republic of Iran	307	(7)
Harris Corporation v. National Iranian Radio & Television	314	(5)
Notes and Questions	319	(1)
Problem 4-13	320	(1)
Nonestablishment Forms of International Business: Agency and Distributorships, Technology Transfer, Contract Manufacturing, and Franchising	321	(72)
Beyond the Sales Transaction	321	(1)
Nonestablishment Forms of Business Abroad	322	(1)
Agency and Distributorships	323	(25)
Control	324	(2)
Antitrust and Anticompetition Issues	326	(1)
Termination Issues	326	(2)
Intellectual Property Issues	328	(1)
Other Considerations	329	(1)
Problem 5-1	329	(1)
Problem 5-2	330	(1)
Problem 5-3	330	(6)
Local and Regional Legal Requirements	336	(1)
German Law	337	(1)
Problem 5-4	337	(3)
European Union Anticompetition Law	340	(2)
Problem 5-5	342	(4)
Notes and Questions	346	(2)
Technology Transfer and Licensing	348	(16)
Beyond the Agency/Distributorship to Technology Transfer	349	(1)
What Is Technology Transfer and Why Is It Important?	349	(1)
Technology Transfer in International Business	350	(1)
Intellectual Property and World Economic Development	351	(1)
Intellectual Property and Related Topics	351	(1)
Notes and Questions	352	(1)
The International Intellectual Property Legal System	352	(2)
Patents	354	(1)
International Patent Treaties	355	(2)
Trademarks	357	(1)
International Treaties	358	(2)
Copyright	360	(1)
International Treaties	360	(1)
Know-How and Trade Secrets	361	(1)
International Treaties	362	(1)
Notes and Questions	362	(2)
Selected Issues in Licensing: The Patent License Agreement	364	(13)
Problem 5-6	364	(1)
Problem 5-7	364	(1)
Problem 5-8	364	(1)
Problem 5-9	365	(11)
Notes and Questions	376	(1)
Business Format Franchising	377	(16)
Notes and Questions	378	(1)
Problem 5-10	378	(8)
Problem 5-11	386	(1)
Pronuptia de Paris GmbH v. Pronuptia de Paris	387	(4)
Notes	391	(2)
Foreign Direct Investment	393	(200)
Introduction: The Decision to Invest	393	(5)
Market Penetration	395	(1)
Management and Control	395	(1)
Intellectual Property	396	(1)
Research and Development Abroad	396	(1)
Global Competition	397	(1)
Global Trends in Foreign Direct Investment	398	(5)
Recent Growth	398	(1)
Role of FDI in Economic Development	399	(1)
Notes and Questions	400	(1)
Legal Aspects of Foreign Direct Investment	400	(3)
David D. Bradlow
Alfred Escher
Problem 6-1	403	(1)
International Investment Law	403	(45)
The International Court of Justice	404	(1)
International Economic Law	404	(5)
Andreas F. Lowenfeld
Notes and Questions	409	(1)
Multilateral and Bilateral Treaties	410	(1)
Andreas F. Lowenfeld, International Economic Law	410	(9)
Notes and Questions	419	(1)
Problem 6-2	420	(1)
Lanco International, Inc. v. Argentine Republic	420	(6)
Notes and Questions	426	(1)
Wena Hotels, Ltd. v. Arab Republic of Egypt	427	(5)
Notes and Questions	432	(1)
The North American Free Trade Agreement	433	(2)
Martin Feldman v. Mexico	435	(6)
Notes and Questions	441	(1)
Problem 6-3	442	(1)
Investment and the World Trade Organization	442	(1)
The World Trade Organization, Law, Practice, and Policy	442	(3)
Mitsuo Matsushita
Thomas J. Schoenbaum
Petros C. Mavroidis
The World Trade Organization, Law, Practice, and Policy	445	(3)
Mitsuo Matsushita
Thomas J. Schoenbaum
Petros C. Mavroidis
Notes and Questions	448	(1)
Limits on Corporate Conduct in International Investment: The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act	448	(26)
Problem 6-4	450	(1)
Problem 6-5	450	(1)
Problem 6-6	450	(1)
Overview of the FCPA	451	(1)
Persons Subject to the FCPA	451	(1)
Nexus with Interstate Commerce	452	(1)
Corrupt Intent	452	(1)
Proscribed Payments	452	(1)
Persons to Whom Payments Are Made	453	(1)
Purpose of the Payment	453	(1)
Note on the OECD Bribery Convention and Other International Treaties	453	(1)
Notes and Questions	454	(1)
Cases Under the FCPA	455	(1)
United States v. King	455	(3)
Problem 6-7	458	(1)
United States v. Kay	459	(7)
Stichting Ter behartiging Van de Belangen Van Oudaandeelhouders in Het Kapitaal Van Saybolt International B.V. v. Schreiber	466	(7)
Notes and Questions	473	(1)
The Transactional Aspects of FDI: Establishment in the European Union, China, and Brazil	474	(119)
Introduction	474	(3)
Foreign Investment in the European Union	477	(1)
The Historical Development of the EU	478	(1)
European Community Law	478	(7)
James Hanlon
Notes and Questions	485	(1)
Jurisdictional Competence, Institutions, and Lawmaking in the EU: The Proposed Constitution for Europe	486	(8)
Notes and Questions	494	(1)
Access to the Internal Market of the EU: The Four Freedoms	494	(2)
Problem 6-8	496	(1)
Rewe-Zentral AG v. Bundesmonopolverwaltung fur Branntwein	496	(2)
Notes and Questions	498	(1)
Problem 6-9	498	(1)
Centros Ltd. v. Erhvervs-og Selskabsstyrelsen	499	(1)
Notes and Questions	500	(1)
Note on Protection of Intellectual Property in the EU	501	(1)
Establishment in the EU	502	(1)
Problem 6-10	502	(1)
International Business Negotiations in France	503	(2)
Philippe Sarrailhe
International Business Negotiations in Germany	505	(3)
Thomas O. Verhoeven
International Business Negotiations in the United Kingdom	508	(2)
John Davidson
Note on Employee Co-determination in Management Issues	510	(1)
Notes and Questions	510	(2)
Competition Law Considerations	512	(1)
Problem 6-11	512	(1)
European Community Law	512	(4)
James Hanlon
Note on the Extraterritorial Application of EU Competition Law	516	(1)
Foreign Direct Investment in China	517	(1)
New York Times, Japanese Capital and Jobs Flow into China	518	(1)
Notes and Questions	518	(1)
China's Economic System	519	(1)
The Legal System of the People's Republic of China in a Nutshell	519	(6)
Daniel C.K. Chow
Notes and Questions	525	(1)
China's FDI Legal Regime and Foreign Investment Business Vehicles	525	(1)
The Joint Venture	526	(1)
The Wholly Foreign-Owned Enterprise	526	(1)
Notes and Questions	527	(1)
Note on a Gamble by an MNE That Paid Off	527	(1)
Establishing the Joint Venture	528	(1)
Approval Process	528	(1)
Problem 6-12	529	(1)
Capital Investment	530	(1)
Management Structure	530	(1)
Problem 6-13	531	(1)
Problem 6-14	531	(1)
Problem 6-15	532	(1)
Problem 6-16	532	(1)
Problem 6-17	533	(20)
Notes and Questions	553	(2)
Foreign Direct Investment in Brazil	555	(1)
Brazil's Approach to FDI	556	(1)
Policy Objectives	557	(1)
Some Background Economic History and Considerations	557	(3)
The Enactment of the Profits Remittance Law	560	(1)
The Business Climate in Brazil	560	(1)
Problem 6-18	560	(1)
Brazil: A Strategic Approach	561	(14)
Raul Gouvea
Notes	575	(1)
Brazilian Laws Relating to Foreign Direct Investment and Business Organizations	576	(1)
Brazilian Business Organizations	576	(1)
Problem 6-19	576	(1)
Overview of Brazilian Business Forms	577	(6)
Keith S. Rosenn
Brazilian Laws Applicable to Foreign Direct Investment	583	(1)
Problem 6-20	583	(1)
Problem 6-21	584	(1)
Profits Remittance Law	584	(5)
Notes and Questions	589	(4)
Protecting Intellectual Property Rights	593	(64)
Overview of Commercial Piracy	594	(32)
Rise in Commercial Piracy	594	(2)
Problem 7-1	596	(1)
Categories of Commercial Piracy	597	(1)
Copyright Piracy	597	(2)
Notes and Questions	599	(1)
Trademark Counterfeiting	600	(2)
Notes and Questions	602	(1)
Patent Infringements	603	(1)
Notes and Questions	603	(2)
Counterfeiting in China	605	(1)
Beijing's Phony War on Fakes	606	(3)
Richard Behar
Notes and Questions	609	(2)
Problem 7-2	611	(2)
Problem 7-3	613	(1)
Problem 7-4	613	(1)
Organized Crime, Local Protectionism, and the Trade in Counterfeit Goods in China	614	(7)
Daniel C.K. Chow
Notes and Questions	621	(1)
Note on the Industry Responses by MNEs and the U.S. Government	622	(2)
Problem 7-5	624	(1)
Counterfeiting in the People's Republic of China	624	(2)
Daniel C.K. Chow
Questions	626	(1)
TRIPS and the Protection of Intellectual Property Rights	626	(14)
Intellectual Property, TRIPS, and the WTO	626	(2)
Questions	628	(1)
Enforcement Obligations Under TRIPS Against Commercial Piracy	628	(1)
General Enforcement Obligations	628	(2)
Notes and Questions	630	(1)
Provisional Measures	630	(2)
Problem 7-6	632	(1)
TRIPS and the Access to Medicines Debate	632	(5)
Notes and Questions	637	(1)
Problem 7-7	637	(1)
TRIPS and the Biopiracy Debate	638	(2)
Problem 7-8	640	(1)
Gray-Market Goods and Parallel Imports	640	(17)
What Are Gray-Market Goods and Parallel Imports?	640	(2)
Questions	642	(1)
Gray-Market Goods Under U.S. Law	642	(2)
Problem 7-9	644	(1)
K-Mart Corp. v. Cartier, Inc.	645	(3)
Lever Brothers Co. v. United States	648	(2)
Notes and Questions	650	(1)
Problem 7-10	651	(1)
Quality King Distributors, Inc. v. L'anza Research International, Inc.	651	(4)
Notes and Questions	655	(2)
Dispute Resolution	657	(120)
Introduction	657	(6)
Overview of International Business Dispute Resolution Issues	657	(1)
Preliminary Issues	658	(1)
Choice of Forum	658	(1)
Choice of Law	659	(1)
Jurisdiction	659	(1)
Sovereign Immunity and the Act of State Doctrine	660	(1)
Resolving Preliminary Issues by Agreement	661	(1)
Dispute Resolution Other Than by Litigation	661	(1)
Other Issues	662	(1)
Choice of Forum and Choice of Law	663	(14)
Choice of Forum	663	(1)
Problem 8-1	663	(1)
M/S Bremen v. Zapata Off-Shore Company	663	(5)
Notes and Questions	668	(1)
Problem 8-2	668	(1)
Problem 8-3	669	(1)
Choice of Law	669	(1)
Choice of Law Approaches	669	(1)
Amco Ukrservice & Prompriladamco v. American Meter Company	670	(5)
Questions	675	(1)
Choice of Law Clauses	675	(1)
Problem 8-4	675	(1)
Problem 8-5	676	(1)
Notes and Questions	676	(1)
Arbitration	677	(25)
Choosing Arbitration	677	(1)
The Road to the Tribunal and Beyond: International Arbitration and the United States Courts	678	(3)
Susan Karamanian
Dispute Resolution, in Negotiating and Structuring International Commercial Transactions	681	(3)
Jay M. Vogelson
Notes and Questions	684	(1)
Lex Mercatoria: An Arbitrator's View	685	(1)
Andreas F. Lowenfeld
Enforcing the Agreement to Arbitrate	686	(1)
Problem 8-6	686	(1)
Mitsubishi Motors Corp. v. Soler Chrysler-Plymouth, Inc.	687	(6)
Notes and Questions	693	(1)
Judicial Review and Enforcement of the Award	693	(1)
Problem 8-7	693	(1)
Problem 8-8	694	(1)
Polytek Engineering Co., Ltd. v. Jacobson Companies	694	(4)
Glencore Grain Rotterdam, B.V. v. Shivnath Rai Harnarain Co.	698	(4)
Notes and Questions	702	(1)
Jurisdiction	702	(60)
International Law	702	(1)
Extraterritorial Jurisdiction Under the Third Restatement of the Foreign Relations Law of the United States	703	(2)
Kathleen Hixson
Notes and Questions	705	(1)
National Law: Territorial Jurisdiction	705	(1)
Problem 8-9	706	(1)
Asahi Metal Industry Co., Ltd. v. Superior Court	707	(7)
Glencore Grain Rotterdam B.V. v. Shivnath Rai Harnarain Co.	714	(3)
Notes and Questions	717	(1)
Sovereign Immunity	717	(1)
Problem 8-10	718	(1)
Arbitration Between Trans Chemical Ltd. and China National Machinery Import & Export Corp.	718	(3)
Note on Restrictive Immunity	721	(1)
The Act of State Doctrine	721	(1)
Problem 8-11	721	(1)
Optopics Laboratories Corp. v. Savannah Bank of Nigeria, Ltd.	722	(3)
FOGADE v. ENB Revocable Trust	725	(3)
Notes and Questions	728	(1)
Problem 8-12	729	(1)
International Comity and Forum Non Conveniens	729	(1)
DeYoung v. Beddome	729	(4)
Notes and Questions	733	(1)
Service of Process	733	(1)
Gallagher v. Mazda Motor of America, Inc.	733	(1)
Notes and Questions	733	(5)
Jurisdiction over Parent and Affiliated Companies	738	(1)
Problem 8-13	738	(1)
U.S. Courts Can Obtain Jurisdiction over a Foreign Parent Company	739	(1)
Sturgis M. Sobin
Itel Containers v. Atlanttrafik Express Service Ltd.	739	(4)
Notes and Questions	743	(1)
Problem 8-14	743	(1)
Conflicts of Jurisdiction: Multiple Proceedings in Different Forums	743	(1)
Finanz AG Zurich v. Banco Economico S.A.	744	(4)
Goldhammer v. Dunkin' Donuts, Inc.	748	(4)
Comity and the Use of Antisuit Injunctions in International Litigation	752	(5)
Trevor C. Hartley
Notes and Questions	757	(1)
Evidence and Discovery	757	(1)
Problem 8-15	757	(1)
Tulip Computers International B.V. v. Dell Computer	758	(3)
Notes and Questions	761	(1)
Recognition and Foreign Enforcement of Foreign Judgments	762	(15)
Problem 8-16	762	(1)
Somportex Limited v. Philadelphia Chewing Gum Corp.	763	(4)
Nippon Emo-Trans Co., Ltd. v. EMO-Trans, Inc.	767	(4)
Thieffry and Associes, Enforcement of U.S. Judgments in France	771	(4)
Notes and Questions	775	(2)
Corporate Social Responsibility	777	(64)
Introduction	777	(8)
Problem 9-1	778	(1)
Problem 9-2	778	(1)
Transnational Corporations and Developing Public International Law	778	(1)
Jonathan I. Charney
Human Rights Responsibilities of Private Corporations	779	(4)
Jordan J. Paust
Notes and Questions	783	(1)
Problem 9-3	784	(1)
Codes and Standards of Conduct	785	(20)
Problem 9-4	785	(1)
Problem 9-5	785	(1)
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD): The OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises	786	(5)
Agenda 21, United Nations Conference on Environment and Development	791	(1)
Note on the UN Code of Conduct for MNEs	791	(1)
Book Review: Changing Course: A Global Business Perspective on Development and the Environment	792	(1)
Anita Margrethe Halvorsen
Problem 9-6	793	(1)
Environmental and Safety Management in Large Companies: Avoiding Pitfalls	794	(3)
Brian D. Israel
Sarbanes-Oxley and the Changing Face of Environmental Liability Disclosure Obligations	797	(2)
Francis X. Lyons
Notes and Questions	799	(1)
Scope of ISO 14001	800	(2)
Charles M. Denton
Notes and Questions	802	(1)
Problem 9-7	803	(1)
Confronting Industrial Pollution in Rapidly Industrializing Countries: Myths, Pitfalls, and Opportunities	803	(1)
H. Jeffrey Leonard
Exporting Hazardous Industries: Should American Standards Apply?	804	(1)
Maureen A. Bent
Question	805	(1)
Exporting Hazardous Wastes: Legal and Ethical Considerations	805	(17)
Greening Trade and Investment	806	(2)
Eric Neumeyer
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development: Council Recommendation on the Application of the Polluter-Pays Principle to Accidental Pollution	808	(1)
Disclosure Responsibilities for Exporters	809	(1)
Michael P. Walls
Problem 9-8	810	(1)
Accidents Do Happen: Hazardous Technology and International Tort Litigation	811	(1)
Stephen C. McCaffrey
In re Union Carbide Corp. Gas Plant Disaster at Bhopal, India in December 1984	812	(2)
The Bhopal Settlement	814	(6)
Shyam Divan
Armin Rosencranz
Notes and Questions	820	(1)
The Convention on Civil Liability for Damage Resulting from Activities Dangerous to the Environment	820	(1)
Michael J. Bowman
Questions	821	(1)
The U.S. Alien Tort Statute	822	(19)
Beanal v. Freeport-McMoran, Inc.	823	(3)
Aguinda v. Texaco, Inc.	826	(4)
Japan Times, U.S. Oil Firm Leaves Toxic Legacy in Ecuador	830	(1)
Notes and Questions	830	(1)
Problem 9-9	831	(1)
Doe v. Unocal Corp.	832	(7)
Notes and Questions	839	(1)
Problem 9-10	840	(1)
Table of Cases	841	(6)
Index	847