International Relations and the European Union

by Hill, Christopher; Smith, Michael

• ISBN13: 9780199273485
• ISBN10: 0199273480
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2005-12-22
• Publisher: Oxford University Press

Summary

This text sets out to locate the European Union in the context of International Relations theory and to explore the ways in which the European Union frames and conducts its international relations. Each chapter deals with the three key themes of the volume: the EU as a sub-system of international relations, the EU and the processes of international relations, and the EU as a power.Part I surveys the subject's roots, Part II deals with the institutions and processes of policy formation and Part III looks at the key themes of the study of the EU as an international actor.

Author Biography

Christopher Hill is Sir Patrick Sheehy Professor of and Director of the Centre of International Studies at the University of Cambridge. Michael Smith is Jean Monnet Professor of Euopean Politics at Loughborough University. Current research interests include European-American relations since 1945, European Community external policy making, and the role of the European Union in a changing European order, as well as general topics in international relations and policy making.

Table of Contents

International Relations and the European Union: Themes and Issues	3	(15)
Introduction	4	(1)
Assumptions	5	(2)
Substantive assumptions	6	(1)
Methodological assumptions	6	(1)
Three perspectives on International Relations and the EU	7	(6)
The EU as a sub-system of International Relations	8	(1)
The EU and the processes of International Relations	9	(2)
The EU as a power in International Relations	11	(2)
Structure of the volume	13	(2)
Conclusion	15	(1)
Further reading	16	(1)
Web links	17	(1)
Theory and the European Union's International Relations	18	(21)
Introduction	19	(1)
Classical explanations: Federalism and neofunctionalism	20	(3)
European integration and IR theory	23	(2)
Realist views of European foreign policy	25	(3)
Liberal views	28	(3)
Alternative approaches	31	(2)
The role of Europe in the world	33	(2)
The future of European foreign policy	35	(2)
Notes	37	(1)
Further reading	37	(1)
Web links	37	(2)
The Pattern of the EU's Global Activity	39	(28)
Introduction	40	(1)
Historical evolution	41	(2)
Geographical scope	43	(7)
Africa, the Caribbean, and the Pacific	43	(1)
The Mediterranean	44	(1)
Central and Eastern Europe	45	(1)
The new neighbours	46	(2)
The Atlantic	48	(1)
Asia	49	(1)
Drivers and brakes	50	(8)
The general EC framework	50	(2)
European Political Cooperation	52	(1)
The Commission	52	(1)
Member states	53	(4)
The European Council	57	(1)
The European Parliament	57	(1)
Enduring tensions	58	(3)
Conclusions	61	(1)
Note	62	(1)
Further reading	63	(1)
Web links	63	(4)
The Institutional Framework	67	(24)
Introduction: institutions and why they matter	68	(2)
Institutions and their impact	70	(14)
The Common Commercial Policy	71	(3)
Development cooperation policy and humanitarian assistance	74	(4)
European foreign policy and defence cooperation	78	(6)
Beyond enlargement: institutional adjustments in the Constitutional Treaty	84	(1)
Conclusion: how and how much do institutions matter?	85	(3)
Notes	88	(1)
Further reading	89	(1)
Web links	90	(1)
Coherence and Consistency	91	(22)
Introduction	92	(1)
`Consistency' and its importance	93	(1)
Historical background	94	(2)
Categorisation	96	(2)
Institutional consistency---legal instruments and practices	98	(2)
Institutional consistency---structures	100	(2)
Institutional consistency---obligations	102	(1)
Horizontal consistency	103	(3)
Vertical consistency	106	(2)
The Constitutional Treaty	108	(2)
Conclusions	110	(1)
Notes	111	(1)
Further reading	111	(1)
Web links	112	(1)
Accountable and Legitimate? The EU's International Role	113	(21)
Introduction	113	(1)
The external dimension: a source of distinctive legitimation issues?	114	(6)
The European Parliament	120	(4)
Trade	121	(1)
Enlargement	121	(1)
Aid	122	(2)
National parliaments	124	(2)
Politicisation?	126	(4)
Standards	130	(1)
Conclusions	131	(1)
Further reading	132	(1)
Web links	133	(1)
The Europeanization of Foreign Policy	134	(20)
Introduction	135	(1)
The meanings of Europeanization	135	(5)
National adaptation	136	(1)
National projection	137	(1)
Identity reconstruction	138	(1)
Modernisation	139	(1)
Policy isophormism	139	(1)
Three dimensions of foreign policy Europeanization	140	(2)
Common Foreign and Security Policy vs. national foreign policies	142	(3)
Foreign policy analysis and Europeanization	144	(1)
Applying Europeanization theory to national foreign policy	145	(1)
Convergence vs. the logic of diversity	146	(3)
Conclusions	149	(3)
Notes	152	(1)
Further reading	152	(1)
Web links	153	(1)
Implementation: Making the EU's International Relations Work	154	(25)
Introduction: the problem of implementation in foreign policy	155	(2)
The EU's own resources in external relations/third countries	157	(2)
National resources and EU external relations	159	(1)
The instruments of EU foreign policy	160	(10)
Diplomatic capability	162	(2)
Economic capability	164	(5)
Military capability	169	(1)
Credibility and capability gaps	170	(3)
Conclusion: what kind of power does the EU possess?	173	(1)
Notes	174	(1)
Further reading	174	(1)
Web links	175	(4)
From Security to Defence: the Evolution of the CFSP	179	(26)
Introduction	180	(1)
European security and defence in theoretical perspective	181	(2)
From foreign policy coordination to a European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP)	183	(5)
European military capacity: the rhetoric and the reality	188	(4)
Spending patterns and defence budgets	188	(1)
The Helsinki Headline Goal (HHG) and European military capacity	188	(4)
`Headline Goal 2010'	192	(1)
2003: The EU becomes a military actor	192	(3)
Political developments and dilemmas	195	(3)
The `European Security Strategy'	195	(1)
The `European Union Minister for Foreign Affairs' (EUMFA)	196	(1)
`Structured Cooperation' and the `Solidarity Clause'	196	(2)
Operational and planning issues	198	(2)
Procurement and defence planning	198	(1)
Operational planning	199	(1)
Intelligence	200	(1)
Towards a long-term vision?	200	(1)
Conclusions: from the short to the medium term and beyond	201	(1)
Notes	202	(1)
Further reading	203	(1)
Web links	204	(1)
The External Face of Internal Security	205	(20)
Introduction	206	(1)
The history of internal security cooperation	207	(1)
Post-Cold War internal security challenges	208	(6)
Transnational crime and drug trafficking	209	(2)
The challenge from terrorism	211	(2)
Immigration and refugees	213	(1)
Creating and developing the EU's Justice and Home Affairs pillar	214	(4)
Cooperation with third countries	218	(4)
The USA	219	(1)
States seeking accession	220	(2)
Policing roles in external interventions	222	(1)
Conclusion	223	(1)
Further reading	224	(1)
Web links	224	(1)
Managing Interdependence: The EU in the World Economy	225	(22)
Introduction	226	(1)
Integration and mixed economies	227	(3)
A new economic orthodoxy	230	(3)
A single currency	233	(2)
Trade policy---and more	235	(3)
An expanding agenda	238	(2)
An ever increasing membership	240	(2)
Europeanization and globalisation	242	(3)
Notes	245	(1)
Further reading	245	(1)
Web links	246	(1)
The European Union as a Trade Power	247	(23)
Introduction	248	(1)
The road to European competence in trade	249	(5)
The common commercial policy in the Treaty of Rome	249	(1)
The challenge to exclusive competence during the 1990s	250	(1)
From Amsterdam to Nice: a political solution to the competence dispute	251	(1)
Trade policy in the EU Constitutional Treaty	252	(2)
The EU trade policy-making process	254	(4)
The negotiating mandate	254	(3)
The negotiations	257	(1)
The ratification	257	(1)
The enlarged EU as a trade power	258	(1)
The EU as champion of multilateralism?	259	(6)
The European single market and world trade liberalisation	259	(2)
Settling disputes in the WTO	261	(2)
`Open bilateralism'? The limits of transatlantic trade cooperation	263	(1)
The EU's conditional support for regionalism	264	(1)
Conclusion: the EU as a power in and through trade	265	(1)
Notes	266	(2)
Further reading	268	(1)
Web links	269	(1)
Enlargement and European Order	270	(22)
Introduction	271	(1)
Concentric circles	272	(4)
The Copenhagen European Council, June 1993	276	(3)
The Luxembourg and Helsinki European Councils	279	(4)
Big-bang enlargement	283	(1)
Relations with south-eastern Europe	284	(2)
Relations with the `wider Europe'	286	(2)
Conclusion	288	(1)
Notes	289	(1)
Further reading	290	(1)
Web links	290	(2)
The Shadow of Empire: The EU and the Former Colonial World	292	(25)
Introduction	293	(2)
The EU as a system of IR and within the wider international order	295	(8)
The Cold War	295	(5)
The post-Cold War order	300	(3)
The EU and the processes of international relations	303	(7)
The EU as a power in international relations	310	(3)
Conclusion	313	(2)
Notes	315	(1)
Further reading	315	(1)
Web links	316	(1)
The EU and Inter-regional Cooperation	317	(26)
Introduction	318	(1)
Inter-regional cooperation as part of the EU's foreign and security policy	319	(2)
Old and new forms of inter-regional cooperation---an historical overview	321	(3)
The origins---relations with Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, and ASEAN in the 1970s	321	(1)
Extension towards Central America and Europe in the 1980s	322	(1)
New regionalism after the end of the East-West divide	323	(1)
The EU and inter-regional cooperation in action---main features	324	(13)
The EU and Africa	324	(6)
The EU and the Mediterranean and the Gulf region	330	(1)
The EU and Asia	331	(2)
The EU and Latin America	333	(2)
The EU and other regional groupings in Europe	335	(2)
Conclusions	337	(2)
Notes	339	(2)
Further reading	341	(1)
Web links	342	(1)
The EU and the United States	343	(24)
Introduction	343	(1)
The changing shape of EU-US relations	344	(4)
EU-US relations and the EU's system of international relations	348	(3)
EU-US relations and the processes of international relations	351	(6)
EU-US relations and the EU as a power in international relations	357	(4)
Conclusion	361	(1)
Further reading	362	(1)
Web links	363	(4)
A European Civilising Process?	367	(21)
Introduction	368	(1)
Two images of the EU	369	(2)
Norbert Elias on `the civilizing process'	371	(2)
A global civilising process?	373	(3)
The changing nature of political community in Europe	376	(2)
Preventing harm in world politics	378	(4)
Auditing the EU	382	(3)
Conclusions	385	(1)
Notes	386	(1)
Further reading	386	(1)
Web links	387	(1)
Acting for Europe: Reassessing the European Union's Place in International Relations	388	(16)
Introduction	389	(1)
The EU and the perspectives of international relations	389	(5)
Realism	389	(1)
Liberalism	390	(3)
Alternative approaches	393	(1)
The place of the EU in the international system	394	(4)
What the EU is not	394	(2)
The EU's positive contributions	396	(2)
System, process, and power	398	(6)
The EU as a sub-system of international relations	398	(1)
The EU and the general processes of international relations	399	(3)
The EU as a power in the world	402	(2)
Conclusions	404