International Relations and World Politics

by Viotti, Paul R.; Kauppi, Mark V.

• ISBN13: 9780205854646
• ISBN10: 0205854648
• Edition: 5th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2012-02-16
• Publisher: Pearson

Summary

Updated in its 5thedition, International Relations and World Politicsis a toolkit that offers an authoritative survey of the field and practical ways to analyze current and future world problems. Drawn from the authors' experience as scholars and practitioners, this new edition was completely rewritten to focus on an enduring teaching and learning goalhow individuals can apply theory, history, geography, and more for a lifetime of understanding politics in a globalized world. Whether as actors themselves in world politics, participants in the global economy, or simply readers of world news, those reading International Relations and World Politicsnot only get more help to master the field's concepts but also get more help to understand that these are real-world ideas with real-world implications.

Author Biography

Paul Viotti is Professor at the University of Denver’s Josef Korbel School of International Studies and Executive Director of the Institute on Globalization & Security. He also served for three decades in the Air Force, retiring as a Colonel after teaching political science at the Air Force Academy for 20 years.

 

Mark V. Kauppi is the Program Manager for the Department of Defense's counterterrorism training program for intelligence analysts; he is responsible for providing and overseeing instruction to analysts not only from the Department of Defense but also intelligence agencies, law enforcement organizations, and foreign partners. Mark has been an adjunct professor at Georgetown University's School of Foreign Service since 2000.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. xi
Maps	p. xvii
Engaging International Relations and World Politics	p. 1
Globalization	p. 4
Actors	p. 6
State	p. s6
International Organizations	p. 7
Case & Point Global Governance and the Ratko Mladic Case	p. 8
Nongovernmental Organizations	p. 10
SlideShow Key Actors in IR	p. 12
Individuals	p. 14
Security, Economy, Identity	p. 15
Arugument Counterargument Assessing the Roles of States and Nonstate Actors	p. 16
Theory	p. 23
What Is a Theory?	p. 26
Formulating and Testing Hypotheses	p. 26
The Levels of Analysis Framework	p. 28
Arugument Counterargument Generating Hypotheses	p. 30
World Images	p. 30
Realists	p. 32
Liberals	p. 33
Economic Structuralists	p. 35
English School "Rationalists"	p. 37
Case & Point Agriculture and the Developing World	p. 37
Interpretive Understandings	p. 39
Constructivists	p. 39
Feminists	p. 40
Critical Theorists and Postmodernists	p. 41
Assessing the Challenges to Mainstream Science and Positivism	p. 43
Normative Theory	p. 43
SlideShow World Images and Political Leaders	p. 44
History	p. 52
International Systems: Definition and Scope	p. 54
Independent State System	p. 56
Hegemonic State System	p. 56
Imperial System	p. 57
Feudal System	p. 58
Historical International Systems	p. 59
The Persian Empire	p. 59
Classical Greece	p. 60
India	p. 62
The Roman Empire	p. 63
The East Asian Sphere	p. 65
Medieval Europe and the Feudal System	p. 66
The Rise of the European Independent State System	p. 68
The Emergence of Collective Hegemony	p. 73
Arugument Counterargument Thucydides and Power Transition	p. 73
The Globalization of the European System	p. 74
Case & Point Politicians and Strategy	p. 78
Twentieth Century Hegemonic Systems in a Global Context	p. 81
Dual Hegemony during the Cold Wa	p. 82
SlideShow: International Systems throughout History	p. 84
Arugument Counterargument Why a Cold War and Not a Hot War?	p. 87
Rising Powers	p. 88
China	p. 89
India	p. 92
Russia	p. 92
Brazil	p. 93
Geography	p. 100
Physical and Human Geography	p. 102
Physical Geography	p. 102
Human Geography	p. 106
Worldwide Religious Traditions	p. 108
Religion and International Relations Theory	p. 110
Overview of the Major Religious Traditions	p. 112
Culture and Religious Beliefs	p. 113
Eastern Religious Traditions	p. 114
Case & Point Religious Intolerance	p. 115
Western Religious Tradition	p. 116
Nations and States	p. 121
SlideShow Physical and Human Geography	p. 122
Nationalism	p. 124
Binational States	p. 127
Multinational, Multitribal, and Multiethnic States	p. 129
Nation-States and Nations without States	p. 132
Arugument-Counterargument Explaining Ethnic Conflict and Nationalism	p. 133
Nationalism and Ethnicity	p. 135
Maintaining Unity in Binational,
Multinational, and Multiethnic States	p. 136
Outside Intervention, Social, and Economic Approaches	p. 140
Globalization	p. 148
Current Dynamics in Globalization	p. 150
Technology	p. 150
Case & Point Five Forces That Flattened the World	p. 152
Economic Impact	p. 153
Arugument-Counterargument Globalization or Americanization?	p. 154
Social-Cultural Impact	p. 155
Political Impact	p. 157
Capitalism as a Worldwide Form of Political Economy	p. 159
SlideShow Aspects of Globalization	p. 160
Identifying the Attributes of Capitalist Political Economy	p. 162
Arugument Counterargument The Wealth of a Nation and Its Productive Capacity: Gross National Product and Gross Domestic Product	p. 164
The Passing of Feudalism arm the New Politics of Capitalism, Mercantilism, and Liberalism	p. 165
The Progressive Globalization of Capitalism	p. 167
The Ongoing, Twentieth Century Debate on Global Commerce	p. 170
Global Governance-The Export Import Trade Regime	p. 172
Global Governance-The International Monetary Regime	p. 173
Global Governance-The Investment and Development Regime	p. 174
Power	p. 184
How to Think about National Security	p. 186
Interests	p. 187
Objectives	p. 188
Threats	p. 188
Case & Point Key Drivers of National Security Policy	p. 191
Opportunities	p. 192
Policymaking Conflicts and Dilemmas	p. 192
Arugument Counterargument The Rationality Assumption	p. 193
Qualifying the Nature of Interests and Objectives	p. 194
Prioritizing Objectives	p. 195
Competing Domestic and Foreign Policy Objectives	p. 296
Arugument Counterargument Balance of Power	p. 197
SlideShow Power and Capabilities	p. 198
Capabilities and Power	p. 200
Political Capabilities	p. 202
Social and Cultural Capabilities	p. 206
Geographic and Economic Capabilities	p. 207
Military Capabilities	p. 209
Measuring Power	p. 210
Diplomacy and Foreign Policy	p. 217
Diplomacy and Foreign Policy	p. 219
Arugment-Counterargument Decision Making: Liberal and Constructivist Explanations	p. 223
The Historical Development of Diplomacy	p. 224
Case & Point NGOs and Diplomacy in the Field	p. 225
Diplomatic Processes	p. 228
Recognition of States and Governments	p. 228
Diplomatic Immunities and Protections	p. 231
The Organization of Diplomatic Missions	p. 232
Diplomatic Incentives and Disincentives	p. 234
Diplomatic Communications	p. 236
Arugment Counterargument Crisis Diplomacy and Foreign Policy Decisions	p. 237
Negotiation Strategies	p. 239
Disarmament and Arms Control	p. 241
SlideShow Curbing Weapons Proliferation	p. 242
Ways to Conceptualize Arms Control	p. 244
Arms Control, Verification, and Compliance	p. 250
Weapons Proliferation	p. 250
International Law and International Organization	p. 260
International Law and the Emergence of Global Civil Society	p. 262
Arugment-Counterargument Ideas and the Social Construction of Global Civil Society	p. 263
The Emergence of International Law	p. 263
Sources of International Law	p. 264
The Expanding Scope of International Law in Global Civil Society	p. 265
Diplomacy and Security:' Matters of War and Peace	p. 265
Economic and Commercial Matters	p. 267
Human Rights and the Environment	p. 268
International Criminal Accountability	p. 271
The United Nations (UN): Objectives and Structure	p. 273
Armed Intervention, International Organizations, and International Law	p. 274
Collective Security as Collective Law Enforcement	p. 275
Slide Show Nationalism and Civil Conflict	p. 276
Case & Point Reconstructing Europe at the Congress of Vienna	p. 279
Peacekeeping: Managing and Controlling Conflicts	p. 283
Alliances and Coalitions	p. 284
NATOùThe North Atlantic Treaty Organization	p. 285
Arugment-Counterargument Security as a Collective Good	p. 287
Alliances as Collective Goods	p. 288
Interstate Conflict	p. 294
The Rationalities and Irrationalities of interstate Conflict	p. 297
The Causes of Interstate Conflict	p. 297
International System Level of Analysis	p. 298
Individual and Group Levels of Analysis	p. 299
State and Societal Levels of Analysis	p. 300
Arugment-Counterargument Why Did the United States Invade Iraq?	p. 302
National Strategy and the Use of Force	p. 303
Slide Show Analyzing Interstate War	p. 304
Deterrence, Defense, and Warfighting	p. 307
Minimum or Finite Deterrence	p. 309
Deterrence through Assured Destruction and Defensive Efforts	p. 312
Defense	p. 313
Warfighting	p. 313
The Post-Cold War Period	p. 314
Case & Point Technology and the Future of Warfare	p. 315
Concerns with Deterrence Theory	p. 316
Moral Principle and the Use of Force	p. 317
Arugment-Counterargument A Democratic Peace?	p. 318
Just-War Theory	p. 318
Conduct during War	p. 320
Case & Point Mark Twain's War Prayer	p. 320
Armed Intervention and National Security	p. 324
Humanitarian Intervention	p. 325
Cormpeting Criteria for Decisions on Armed Intervention	p. 326
Asymmetric Conflict	p. 334
Asymmetric Conflict	p. 336
Case & Point The Mumbai Terrorist Attacks	p. 337
Terrorism	p. 338
History	p. 338
The United States	p. 340
Causes of Terrorism	p. 341
Psychological/Social-Psychological Factors	p. 341
Case & Point Rational Terrorism	p. 343
Ideological Factors	p. 343
Environmental Factors	p. 343
The Changing Nature of Terrorism	p. 345
Who Are Terrorists?	p. 345
Why Terrorism?	p. 346
How Terrorism Works	p. 347
Arugment-Counterargument Netwar	p. 349
Policymaker Responses	p. 353
Slide Show Technology and Asymmetric Warfare	p. 354
Eliminate the Underlying Causes	p. 356
Counterattack	p. 356
Impose the Rule of Law	p. 357
Encourage International Cooperation	p. 358
Transnational Crime and Globalization	p. 359
Blurring the Terrorism-Crime Distinction	p. 362
TCO Threat Assessment	p. 363
Trade and Money	p. 369
Trade Theory and Comparative Advantage	p. 372
Arugment-Counterargument Why and How Countries Trade	p. 375
Neoclassical and Subsequent Economic Thought	p. 378
The Impact of Technology on Free-Trade Theory	p. 380
Slide Show Tracing International Trade	p. 382
Trade and Finance	p. 384
How Exchange Rates Work	p. 385
The Impact of Exchange-Rate Fluctuationson Trade	p. 386
The Politics of Managing Exchange Rates	p. 387
Case & Point The Big Mac Index	p. 388
Global Governance Tasks: Sustaining Trade and Monetary Regimes	p. 390
Maintaining International Liquidity	p. 390
Fixed Exchange-Rate Regimes	p. 391
Floating Exchange Rates	p. 393
Financing Trade	p. 395
Global Trade	p. 404
Regional Economic Integration and Global Commerce	p. 406
Trade and Economic Integration	p. 407
Is Europe Unique?	p. 411
Development	p. 418
Uneven Development and Poverty in Developing Countries	p. 420
Arugment-Counterargument The Poor Get Poorer	p. 421
Poverty, Capital Formation, and Development	p. 425
Aid	p. 425
Loans	p. 429
Direct Foreign Investment	p. 430
Trade	p. 431
Case & Point The Complex Case of Transfer Pricing	p. 432
Case & Point The Internet and the Developing World	p. 435
Slide Show Land, Labor, Capital	p. 436
Sustaining Development	p. 438
Population Growth	p. 438
Environment	p. 440
Health	p. 441
Military Spending and War	p. 442
Economic-Structuralist Critiques and Perspectives	p. 443
Dependency Theory	p. 443
Arugment-Counterargument Marxist Perspectives on the Plight of Less-Developed Countries	p. 445
Capitalist World-System Theory	p. 445
Human Rights	p. 453
Human Rights and the Human Condition	p. 455
Case & Point Women in the Developing World	p. 457
The Universality of Human Rights versus State Sovereignty	p. 460
Arugment-Counterargument The Social Construction of Human Rights	p. 464
Human Rights across Cultures	p. 465
Values That Transcend Diverse Cultures	p. 467
From Theory to Fact	p. 469
Slide Show Human Rights Abuses	p. 470
Case & Point Children and Human Rights	p. 473
Machinery for Human Rights Issues and Cases	p. 474
Regional Human Rights Efforts in Europe	p. 477
Other Regional Human Rights Efforts	p. 479
NGOs and Human Rights	p. 480
Arugment Counterargument Nonviolent Resistance	p. 481
Refugees	p. 482
The Environment	p. 494
A Global Perspective	p. 496
Atmosphere	p. 497
Land	p. 498
Arugment-Counterargument Understanding EnvironmentalChallenges	p. 499
Biodiversity	p. 500
Freshwater	p. 500
Coastal and Marine Areas	p. 501
Global Population	p. 501
Case & Point Estimating Population Growth	p. 503
Slide Show Environmental Degradation	p. 504
The Environment and Security	p. 506
Resource Wars	p. 506
Group-Identity Conflicts	p. 507
Civil Strife	p. 508
IOs and NGOs	p. 509
International Organizations	p. 510
Transnational Nongovernmental Organizations	p. 514
Glossary	p. 519
Credits	p. 530
Index	p. 531
Answer Key	p. 549
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