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Note: Supplemental materials are not guaranteed with Rental or Used book purchases.
Purchase Benefits
What is included with this book?
Explore a fascinating introductory treatment of the principles of behavior analysis written by three leading voices in the field
An Introduction to Behavior Analysis delivers an engaging and comprehensive introduction to the concepts and applications for graduate students of behavior analysis. Written from the ground up to capture and hold student interest, the book keeps its focus on practical issues.
The book offers readers sound analyses of Pavlovian and operant learning, reinforcement and punishment, motivation and stimulus control, language and rule-following, decision-making and clinical behavior analysis. With fully up to date empirical research references and theoretical content, An Introduction to Behavior Analysis thoroughly justifies every principle it describes with empirical support and explicitly points out where more data are required.
The text encourages students to analyze their own experiences and some foundational findings in the field in a way that minimizes jargon and maximizes engagement. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of:
Perfect for students taking their first course in behavior analysis or behavior modification, An Introduction to Behavior Analysis will also earn a place in the libraries of students pursuing certification through the Behavior Analysis Certification Board or taking courses in the applied psychological sciences.
Gregory J. Madden, PhD, is Professor of Psychology at Utah State University. His research foci are on impulsivity, drug-taking, pollution control, and health decision-making. He was Editor-in-Chief of the APA Handbook of Behavior Analysis and the Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior. He is a Fellow of the Association for Behavior Analysis International.
AN INTRODUCTION TO BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS
Note: Each chapter includes several brief fill-in-the-blank reading quizzes with answers provided at the back of each chapter.
Chapter 1 - An Introduction to Behavior Analysis- page 1What Is Behavior? 1What Is Behavior Analysis? 3I'm Not Buying It. I Determine My Own Behavior - 8 What are the Determinants of Behavior? - 15 The Activities of Behavior Analysists? - 17Summary - 20 Answers to Reading Questions - 20 References - 22
Chapter 2: Understanding Behavioral Research - page 23
Variables - 24
Correlation vs. Causation - 24
Experiments - 25
Measuring Behavior - 27
Outcome Recording - 33
Event Recording - 36
Interval Recording - 39
Duration Recording - 41
Summary - 43
Chapter 3: Experimental Designs in Behavior Analysis- page 49
Group Experimental Designs - 49
Single-Subject Experimental Designs - 51
Comparison (A-B) Design- 52Reversal (A-B-A) Design- 54
Multiple- Baseline Designs- 57Did Behavior Change? - 64
Summary - 76
Answers to Reading Quiz Questions- 77References- 80
Chapter 4: Phylogenetic Behavior and Pavlovian Learning- page 83
Phylogenetically Select Behavior- 83
Pavlovian Learning - 86
Pavlovian Conditioning of Emotions - 89
Principles of Effective Pavlovian Conditioning - 90
What is Learned During Pavlovian Conditioning? - 93
Principles of Effective Pavlovian Conditioning- 95
Generalization - 101 Pavlovian- Extinction-Based Therapy - 103Extra Box 1 Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Military Veterans - 107 Pavlovian Conditioning in Everyday Life - 108 Summary - 111 Answers to Reading Questions - 111References - 113
Chapter 5: Operant Learning I: Reinforcement- page 117
Operant Behavior - 117 Response- Consequence Contingencies - 119
Noncontingent Consequences - 122
Changing Behavior with Contingent Consequences - 124
Extra Box: Noncontingent Consequences in North Korea - 125
Reinforcers, Reinforcement, and Rewards - 126 The Discovery of Reinforcement- 127
How to Tell if a Consequence Functions as a Reinforcer - 128
From Puzzle Boxes to Skinner Boxes - 130
Response Variability: Exploring and Exploiting - 131
Extra Box 2: Add Some Variability to Your Life - 132
The Generic Nature of Operant Behavior - 133
Not Every Consequence Functions as a Reinforcer -134Reinforcement in Social Media and Video Games - 137 Summary - 138 Answers to Reading Questions - 139 References - 141
Chapter 6: Operant Learning II: Positive and Negative Reinforcement - page 143
Positive and Negative Reinforcement - 143 Positive Reinforcement - 143
Negative Reinforcement - 146
Extra Box: What is the Consequence in SRA-? 151
Positive or Negative Reinforcement, Is There Really a Difference?
Using Reinforcement to Positively Influence Behavior - 153
Reinforcement in the Workplace - 156
Three Objections to Reinforcement - 157
Theories of Reinforcement - 162
Summary - 165 Answers to Reading Questions- 165 References - 166
Chapter 7: Extinction and Differential Reinforcement- page 169
Operant Extinction Following Positive Reinforcement - 170
Operant Extinction Following Negative Reinforcement - 171
How Quickly Will Operant Extinction Work? - 174
Spontaneous Recovery of Operant Behavior - 175
Extra Box: How Extinction Informs Theories of Reinforcement - 177
Other Effects of Extinction -179 We Tried It At Home - 183
Using Extinction to Positively Influence Behavior - 184
Differential Reinforcement - 187
Summary - 193 Answers to Reading Quiz Questions - 194 References - 195
Chapter 8: Primary and Conditioned Reinforcement, and Shaping- page 200
Primary Reinforcers - 201
Conditioned Reinforcers - 202
The Token Economy - 204 Arranging Effective Conditioned Reinforcers - 207 Clicker Training with Humans - 211
Shaping - 213
Automating Shaping: Percentile Schedules of Reinforcement - 222
Summary - 224Answers to Reading Quiz Questions - 225 References - 226
Chapter 9: Motivation, Reinforcer Efficacy, and Habit Formation - page 226
Everyday Concepts of Motivation - 230
From Motivation to Motivating Operations- 232
Extra Box: The Cost of Mentalistic Reasoning - 236
Identifying Effective Reinforcers: The “Liking” Strategy - 237
Extra Box: Avoiding Circularity – The Premack Principle - 241
Measuring Reinforcer Efficacy - 243
Dimensions of Effective Reinforcers - 245
Summary - 248 Habit Formation - 248 Summary - 252 Answers to Reading Questions - 253 References - 254
Chapter 10: Punishment - page 258
Punishers and Punishment - 259
Two Kinds of Punishment – Both Decrease Behavior - 261
When Should We Punish? - 264
Extra Box: Punishment is the Norm – Using it Effectively is Humane - 266
Six Characteristics of Effective Punishment Interventions - 266
Primary and Conditioned Punishment - 272
Some Commonly Used Punishers’ - 274
The Watchful Eye of the Punisher - 277
The Role of Reinforcement in the Act of Punishing - 279
Summary - 281
Answers to Reading Quiz Questions - 282 References - 283
Chapter 11: Complex Contingencies of Reinforcement- page 289
Schedules of Reinforcement - 290 Ratio Schedules of Reinforcement - 291
Interval Schedules of Reinforcement - 302
Why Study Schedules of Reinforcement? - 308
Extra Box: Contingency Management - 309
Schedule Thinning - 310
Scheduling Reinforcers to Enhance Human Performance and Happiness - 313
Summary - 313 References - 316
Chapter 12: Antecedent Stimulus Control - page 321
Phylogenetic and Pavlovian Stimulus Control - 322
Discriminated Operant Behavior - 322
Discrimination Training - 330
Extra Box: Direct Instruction of Reading Skills - 333
Generalization - 335
Stimulus-Response Chains - 340
Extra Box: Consciousness - 343
Summary - 345
Chapter 13: Choice - page 351
What is Choice? - 352
Four Variables Affecting Choice - 353 The Rich Uncle Joe Experiment - 356
Choosing Between Uncertain Outcomes - 357
Extra Box: The Matching Law, Terrorism, and White Nationalism - 366
Extra Box: What Substitutes for Drug Reinforcers? - 367
Impulsivity and Self-Control - 372
Summary - 380 Answers to Reading Questions - 381 References - 385
Chapter 14: Verbal Behavior, Rule-Following, and Clinical Behavior Analysis
Behavioral Approaches to Language - 391
Rules and Rule-Governed Behavior - 401
Breaking the Rules in Clinical Psychology - 408
Extra Box: If thoughts are important, prepare to suffer - 410 Further Reading - 413
Summary - 414 Answers to Reading Questions - 415 References - 417
The New copy of this book will include any supplemental materials advertised. Please check the title of the book to determine if it should include any access cards, study guides, lab manuals, CDs, etc.
The Used, Rental and eBook copies of this book are not guaranteed to include any supplemental materials. Typically, only the book itself is included. This is true even if the title states it includes any access cards, study guides, lab manuals, CDs, etc.