Introduction to Digital Video

by Watkinson; John

• ISBN13: 9780240516370
• ISBN10: 0240516370
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Nonspecific Binding
• Copyright: 2001-06-19
• Publisher: Focal Press

Summary

Covers the essential fundamentals of digital video: from video principles, to conversion, compression, coding, interfaces and output. written for television professionals needing to apply digital video systems, equipment and techniques to multimedia and /or digital TV applications, as well as for computer system designers, engineers, programmers, or technicians needing to learn how to apply digital video to computer systems and applications. The text is based on the acclaimed industry 'bible' The Art of Digital Video, but covers only the essential parts of this larger reference work. It starts right from the basics from what a digital signal is to the how digital video can be applied. John Watkinson is an international consultant in Audio, Video and Data Recording. He is a fellow of the AES, a member of the British Computer Society and Chartered Information Systems Practitioner. He presents lectures, seminars, conference papers and training courses worldwide. He is author of many other Focal press books including MPEG2, Art of Digital Video, Art of Digital Audio, Art of Sound Reporduction, Introduction to Digital Audio, Television Fundamentals and Audio for Television. He is also co-author of the Digital Interface Handbook and a contributor to The Loudspeaker and Headphone Handbook.

Table of Contents

Preface	xi
Introducing digital video	1	(27)
Video as data	1	(2)
What is a video signal?	3	(2)
Why binary?	5	(5)
Colour	10	(1)
Why digital?	11	(1)
Some digital video processes outlined	12	(2)
Time compression and expansion	14	(2)
Error correction and concealment	16	(1)
Product codes	17	(3)
Shuffling	20	(1)
Channel coding	20	(2)
Video compression and MPEG	22	(1)
Disk-based recording	22	(2)
Rotary-head digital recorders	24	(2)
DVD and DVHS	26	(1)
Digital television broadcasting	26	(1)
Networks	26	(2)
References	27	(1)
Video principles	28	(86)
The eye	28	(3)
Gamma	31	(2)
Scanning	33	(2)
Synchronizing	35	(6)
Bandwidth and definition	41	(1)
Aperture effect	42	(1)
Colour	43	(8)
Colour displays	51	(2)
Colour difference signals	53	(4)
Motion portrayal and dynamic resolution	57	(1)
Progressive or interlaced scan?	58	(2)
Binary codes	60	(7)
Introduction to digital logic	67	(7)
The computer	74	(2)
The processor	76	(1)
Timebase correction	77	(6)
Multiplexing	83	(1)
Statistical multiplexing	84	(1)
Filters and transforms	84	(4)
FIR filters	88	(7)
Sampling-rate conversion	95	(5)
Transforms and duality	100	(3)
The Fourier transform	103	(1)
The discrete cosine transform (DCT)	104	(3)
Modulo-n arithmetic	107	(2)
The Galois field	109	(2)
The phase-locked loop	111	(3)
References	113	(1)
Conversion	114	(42)
Introduction to conversion	114	(1)
Sampling and aliasing	114	(4)
Reconstruction	118	(3)
Aperture effect	121	(2)
Two-dimensional sampling	123	(3)
Choice of sampling rate	126	(2)
Jitter	128	(2)
Quantizing	130	(5)
Introduction to dither	135	(1)
Requantizing and digital dither	136	(3)
Basic digital-to-analog conversion	139	(2)
Basic analog-to-digital conversion	141	(2)
Oversampling	143	(6)
Gamma in the digital domain	149	(1)
Colour in the digital domain	150	(6)
References	154	(2)
Digital video processing	156	(44)
A simple digital vision mixer	156	(7)
Keying	163	(4)
Digital video effects	167	(12)
Graphics	179	(7)
Applications of motion compensation	186	(2)
Motion-compensated standards conversion	188	(4)
De-interlacing	192	(6)
Noise reduction	198	(2)
References	199	(1)
Video compression and MPEG	200	(49)
Introduction to compression	200	(6)
What is MPEG?	206	(2)
Spatial and temporal redundancy in MPEG	208	(7)
I and P coding	215	(1)
Bidirectional coding	216	(4)
Spatial compression	220	(7)
A bidirectional coder	227	(4)
Handling interlaced pictures	231	(5)
An MPEG-2 coder	236	(1)
The elementary stream	237	(1)
An MPEG-2 decoder	238	(3)
Coding artifacts	241	(2)
Processing MPEG-2 and concatenation	243	(6)
References	248	(1)
Digital coding principles	249	(63)
Introduction	249	(1)
Types of transmission channel	250	(1)
Transmission lines	251	(3)
Types of recording medium	254	(1)
Magnetic recording	254	(5)
Azimuth recording and rotary heads	259	(1)
Optical and magneto-optical disks	260	(2)
Equalization and data separation	262	(2)
Slicing and jitter rejection	264	(5)
Channel coding	269	(2)
Simple codes	271	(3)
Group codes	274	(2)
Randomizing and encryption	276	(1)
Partial response	277	(6)
Synchronizing	283	(1)
Basic error correction	284	(2)
Concealment by interpolation	286	(1)
Parity	287	(2)
Block and convolutional codes	289	(3)
Cyclic codes	292	(5)
Introduction to the Reed-Solomon codes	297	(7)
Correction by erasure	304	(1)
Interleaving	305	(2)
Product codes	307	(5)
Appendix 6.1 Calculation of Reed-Solomon generator polynomials	309	(2)
References	311	(1)
Disks in digital video	312	(35)
Types of disk	312	(2)
Magnetic disks	314	(3)
Accessing the blocks	317	(2)
Servo-surface disks	319	(1)
Winchester technology	320	(3)
The disk controller	323	(3)
Defect handling	326	(1)
RAID arrays	327	(1)
Disk servers	328	(1)
Optical disk principles	328	(3)
Focus and tracking systems	331	(7)
Structure of a DVD player	338	(3)
Non-linear video editing	341	(1)
The structure of a workstation	341	(2)
Locating the edit point	343	(1)
Editing with disk drives	344	(3)
Introduction to the digital VTR	347	(34)
History of DVTRs	347	(1)
The rotary-head tape transport	348	(2)
Digital video cassettes	350	(1)
DVTR block diagram	351	(6)
Operating modes of a DVTR	357	(1)
Confidence replay	357	(1)
Colour framing	358	(1)
Timecode	358	(1)
Picture in shuttle	359	(1)
Digital Betacam	359	(8)
DVC and DVCPRO	367	(9)
The D-9 format	376	(1)
Digital audio in VTRs	376	(3)
AES/EBU compatibility	379	(2)
References	380	(1)
Digital communication	381	(56)
Introduction	381	(3)
Production-related interfaces	384	(1)
SDI	385	(2)
SDTI	387	(1)
ASI	388	(1)
AES/EBU	388	(6)
Telephone-based systems	394	(2)
Digital television broadcasting	396	(2)
MPEG packets and time stamps	398	(2)
Program clock reference	400	(2)
Program Specific Information (PSI)	402	(1)
Transport stream multiplexing	403	(2)
Broadcast modulation techniques	405	(4)
OFDM	409	(4)
Error correction in digital television broadcasting	413	(1)
DVB	413	(4)
ATSC	417	(5)
Networks	422	(6)
FireWire	428	(2)
Broadband networks and ATM	430	(7)
References	436	(1)
Glossary	437	(12)
Index	449