Introduction to Emergency Management

by Haddow; Bullock

• ISBN13: 9780750679619
• ISBN10: 0750679611
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2005-10-13
• Publisher: Elsevier Science

Summary

Introduction to Emergency Management, Second Edition provides a comprehensive foundation to understanding the background, components, and systems involved in the management of disasters and other emergencies. The book details current practices, strategies, and the key players involved in emergency management both within the United States and around the world. No discussion of emergency management in the United States would be complete without addressing the significant changes that have occurred as a result of the Septembers 11th, 2001 terrorist attacks. Consideration of this issue is applied to all chapters of this edition. A full chapter is dedicated entirely to discussing the emerging terrorist threat and the resulting implications to the U.S. emergency management systems. With the creation of the Department of Homeland Security and its subsequent absorption of FEMA and 21 other federal agencies, the need for a collective resource has never been so vital.

Author Biography

Jane A. Bullock and George D. Haddow currently serve as Adjunct Professors at the Institute for Crisis, Diaster, and Risk Management at The George Washington University, Washington, D.C.

Table of Contents

Foreword	ix
Introduction	xi
Acknowledgments	xv
The Historical Context of Emergency Management	1	(18)
Introduction	1	(1)
Early History: 1800--1950	2	(1)
The Cold War and the Rise of Civil Defense: 1950s	2	(1)
Natural Disasters Bring Changes to Emergency Management: 1960s	3	(2)
The Call for a National Focus on Emergency Management: 1970s	5	(2)
Civil Defense Reappears as Nuclear Attack Planning: 1980s	7	(2)
An Agency in Trouble: 1989--1992	9	(1)
The Witt Revolution: 1993--2001	10	(3)
Terrorism Becomes Major Focus: 2001	13	(4)
The Future: 2005 and Beyond	17	(2)
Natural and Technological Hazards and Risk Assessment	19	(38)
Introduction	19	(1)
Natural Hazards	19	(23)
Technological Hazards	42	(11)
Risk Assessment	53	(2)
Technology	55	(1)
Conclusion	55	(2)
The Disciplines of Emergency Management: Mitigation	57	(20)
Introduction	57	(1)
Tools for Mitigation	58	(5)
Impediments to Mitigation	63	(1)
Federal Mitigation Programs	64	(4)
Conclusion	68	(1)
Case Studies	69	(8)
The Disciplines of Emergency Management: Response	77	(54)
Introduction	77	(1)
Local Response	78	(6)
State Response	84	(2)
Volunteer Group Response	86	(2)
Incident Command System	88	(3)
The Federal Response	91	(30)
Communications among Responding Agencies	121	(3)
Conclusion	124	(1)
Case Studies	124	(7)
The Disciplines of Emergency Management: Recovery	131	(26)
Introduction	131	(2)
The National Response Plan for Disaster Recovery Operations	133	(2)
FEMA's Individual Assistance Recovery Programs	135	(5)
FEMA's Public Assistance Grant Programs	140	(1)
Other Federal Agency Disaster Recovery Funding	141	(4)
National Voluntary Relief Organizations	145	(1)
Recovery Planning Tools	146	(1)
Conclusion	147	(1)
Case Studies	147	(10)
The Disciplines of Emergency Management: Preparedness	157	(38)
Introduction	157	(1)
Preparedness: The Building Block	158	(1)
Mitigation versus Preparedness	158	(1)
A Systems Approach: The Preparedness Cycle	159	(3)
Preparedness Programs	162	(3)
Education and Training Programs	165	(6)
Exercises	171	(7)
Business Continuity Planning and Emergency Management	178	(1)
Conclusion	179	(1)
Case Studies	180	(15)
The Disciplines of Emergency Management: Communications	195	(24)
Introduction	195	(1)
Mission	195	(1)
Assumptions	196	(3)
Audiences/Customers	199	(1)
Crisis Communications: Response and Recovery	199	(3)
Communicating Preparedness and Mitigation Messages	202	(1)
Case Study: Project Impact	203	(4)
Case Study: Risk Communication---Parkfield, California	207	(1)
Working with the Media	207	(4)
Communications Means/Products	211	(5)
Case Study: Federal Government Communications during Anthrax Crisis	216	(1)
Conclusion	217	(2)
International Disaster Management	219	(36)
Introduction	219	(1)
Disasters in Developing Nations	219	(1)
International Involvement	220	(1)
Important Issues Influencing the Response Process	221	(1)
The United Nations System	222	(8)
Nongovernmental Organizations	230	(5)
Assistance Provided by the U.S. Government	235	(4)
The International Financial Institutions	239	(3)
Conclusion	242	(1)
Case Study: The Gujurat, India Earthquake	243	(12)
Emergency Management and the New Terrorist Threat	255	(72)
Introduction	255	(1)
Changes in Emergency Management and the War on Terrorism	255	(3)
Summary of September 11 Events	258	(6)
First Responder Evaluation	264	(7)
Federal Government Terrorism Activity	271	(37)
State Government Terrorism Activity	308	(2)
Local Government Terrorism Activities	310	(9)
Conclusion	319	(1)
Case Study: ``Redefining Readiness: Terrorism Planning through the Eyes of the Public''	319	(8)
The Future of Emergency Management	327	(10)
Introduction	327	(1)
Organizational Changes	327	(1)
What Does This Mean for Emergency Management?	328	(1)
What Is the Future of Emergency Management?	329	(3)
Balancing Homeland and Security and Natural Disaster Management	332	(1)
Public Involvement in Preparedness Planning	333	(1)
Partnering with the Business Community	333	(1)
Prioritizing Resource Allocations	334	(1)
Organization of the Nation's Emergency Management System	334	(1)
A New Path for Emergency Management	335	(1)
Conclusion	336	(1)
Appendix A: Acronyms	337	(6)
Appendix B: Emergency Management Web Sites	343	(3)
Appendix C: Emergency Management Agency Addresses	346	(22)
Appendix D: Ready.gov Citizen Preparedness Recommendations	368	(9)
Appendix E: A Day in the Life of Homeland Security	377	(4)
References	381	(4)
About the Authors	385	(2)
Index	387