An Introduction to Literature: Fiction, Poetry, Drama

by Barnet, Sylvan; Berman, Morton; Burto, William; Cain, William E.; Barnet, Sylvan; Berman, Morton

• ISBN13: 9780321061270
• ISBN10: 0321061276
• Edition: 12th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2000-07-01
• Publisher: Pearson College Div

Summary

A leader in the market for over 30 years, this paperback anthology continues to uphold the traditions that have made it a successclassic and contemporary selections with a range of multicultural voices as well as a non-intrusive apparatus that covers the elements of literature and the writing processwhile incorporating fresh new material. The new edition features "Writer's at Work", a novel, The Awakening by Kate Chopin, a new casebook on Hamlet, a 24-page color insert "Poems and Paintings" and more student writing throughout.

Table of Contents

Preface	xxi
Part One Reading, Thinking, and Writing Critically about Literature	1	(52)
Reading and Responding to Literature	3	(21)
What is Literature?	3	(5)
Looking at an Example: Robert Frost's Immigrants	4	(3)
Looking at a Second Example: Pat Mora's, Immigrants	7	(1)
Thinking About a Story: The Parable of the Prodigal Son	8	(3)
Stories True and False	11	(3)
Samuel	12	(2)
Grace Paley
What's Past is Prologue	14	(10)
The Hanging of the Mouse	15	(2)
Elizabeth Bishop
Epitaph on an Army of Mercenaries	17	(2)
A. E. Housman
Another Epitaph on an Army of Mercenaries	19	(1)
Hug MacDiarmid
Christmas Tree	20	(2)
James Merrill
Might We Too?	22	(2)
W. F. Bolton
Writing about Literature: From Idea to Essay	24	(29)
Why Write?	24	(1)
Getting Ideas: Pre-Writing	25	(8)
Annotating a Text	25	(1)
Brainstorming for Ideas for Writing	26	(1)
The Story of an Hour	26	(2)
Kate Chopin
Focused Free Writing	28	(1)
Listing and Clustering	29	(1)
Developing an Awareness of the Writer's Use of Language	30	(1)
Asking Questions	30	(1)
Keeping a Journal	31	(1)
Arriving at a Thesis	32	(1)
Writing a Draft	33	(5)
Sample Draft of an Essay on Kate Chopin's ``The Story of an Hour'': Ironies in an Hour	34	(1)
Revising a Draft	35	(1)
Peer Review	36	(2)
The Final Version: ``Ironies of Life in Kate Chopin's The Story an Hour''	38	(2)
A Brief Overview of the Final Version	39	(1)
Explication	40	(4)
A Sample Explication	41	(1)
The Balloon of the Mind	41	(3)
William Butler Yeats
Comparison and Contrast	44	(1)
Review: How to Write an Effective Essay	45	(2)
Additional Readings	47	(6)
Ripe Figs	47	(1)
Kate Chopin
For the Feeling of an Elm in the Harvard Yard	48	(1)
Adrienne Rich
The Black Walnut Tree	49	(1)
Mary Oliver
Refugee Ship	50	(3)
Lorna Dee Cervantes
Part Two Fiction	53	(586)
Approaching Fiction: Responding in Writing	55	(11)
Cat in the Rain	55	(3)
Ernest Hemingway
Responses: Annotations and Journal Entries	58	(4)
A Sample Essay by a Student: ``Hemingway's American Wife''	62	(4)
Stories and Meanings: Plot, Character, Theme	66	(19)
The Vixen and the Lioness	66	(1)
Aesop
The Appointment in Samara	67	(1)
W. Somerset Maugham
Muddy Road	68	(1)
Anonymous
Misery	69	(7)
Anton Chekhov
The Storm	76	(4)
Kate Chopin
Desiree's Baby	80	(5)
Kate Chopin
Narrative Point of View	85	(24)
Participant (or First-Person) Points of View	86	(1)
Nonparticipant (or Third-Person) Points of View	87	(1)
The Point of a Point of View	88	(21)
A & P	89	(6)
John Updike
In the Gloaming	95	(14)
Alice Elliot Dark
Allegory and Symbolism	109	(21)
A Note on Setting	112	(18)
Two Stories	112	(1)
Eudora Welty
A Worn Path	113	(6)
Livvie	119	(11)
In Brief: Writing about Fiction	130	(14)
Plot	130	(1)
Character	130	(1)
Point of View	131	(1)
Setting	131	(1)
Symbolism	132	(1)
Style	132	(1)
Theme	132	(1)
A Story, Notes, and an Essay	133	(5)
The Cask of Amontillado	133	(5)
Edgar Allan Poe
A Student's Written Response to a Story	138	(6)
Notes	138	(2)
Essay:``Revenge, Noble and Ignoble''	140	(4)
A Fiction Writer at Work: Raymond Carver	144	(7)
Mine	145	(1)
Little Things	145	(2)
Talking about Stories	147	(2)
On Rewriting	149	(2)
Thinking Critically about a Short Story: A Casebook on Ralph Ellison's ``Battle Royal''	151	(34)
Battle Royal	151	(16)
Ralph Ellison
Atlanta Exposition Address	167	(3)
Booker T. Washington
Of Our Spiritual Strivings	170	(1)
W. E. B. Du Bois
Of Mr. Booker T. Washington and Others	171	(3)
W. E. B. Du Bois
On Social Equality	174	(4)
Gunnar Myrdal
On Negro Folklore (Interview)	178	(2)
Ralph Ellison
Life in Oklahoma City	180	(5)
Ralph Ellison
Three Fiction Writers in Depth	185	(97)
Nathaniel Hawthorne
Flannery O'Connor
Alice Munro
Three Stories and Remarks on Fiction	186	(33)
Nathaniel Hawthorne
Roger Malvin's Burial	186	(13)
Young Goodman Brown	199	(10)
The Minister's Black Veil	209	(9)
Selections from the Notebooks	218	(1)
Two Stories and Observations on Literature	219	(33)
Flannery O'Connor
A Good Man Is Hard to Find	220	(12)
Revelation	232	(14)
On Fiction: Remarks from Essays and Letters	246	(5)
On Interpreting A Good Man Is Hard to Find	251	(1)
Two Stories and an Interview	252	(30)
Alice Munro
Boys and Girls	253	(9)
The Children Stay	262	(17)
A Conversation (Interview)	279	(3)
A Collection of Short Fiction	282	(255)
The Death of Ivan Ilych	285	(40)
Leo Tolstoy
Hautot and His Son	325	(8)
Guy de Maupassant
The Yellow Wallpaper	333	(12)
Charlotte Perkins Gilman
Araby	345	(4)
James Joyce
The Horse Dealer's Daughter	349	(12)
D. H. Lawrence
A Rose for Emily	361	(12)
William Faulkner
The Gospel According to Mark	373	(4)
Jorge Luis Borges
The Chrysanthemums	377	(8)
John Steinbeck
One Friday Morning	385	(6)
Langston Hughes
The Son from America	391	(5)
Isaac Bashevis Singer
A Woman on a Roof	396	(7)
Doris Lessing
The Mourners	403	(5)
Bernard Malamud
Contemporary Voices
Civil Peace	408	(4)
Chinua Achebe
Separating	412	(8)
John Updike
Christ in the House of Martha and Mary	420	(5)
A. S. Byatt
Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?	425	(12)
Joyce Carol Oates
The Lesson	437	(5)
Toni Cade Bambara
Shiloh	442	(10)
Bobbie Ann Mason
If You Touched My Heart	452	(6)
Isabel Allende
Everyday Use	458	(7)
Alice Walker
Powder	465	(3)
Tobias Wolff
The Things They Carried	468	(12)
Tim O'Brien
The Man to Send Rain Clouds	480	(4)
Leslie Marmon Silko
Girl	484	(1)
Jamaica Kincaid
The Two	485	(6)
Gloria Naylor
Two Kinds	491	(9)
Amy Tan
Courting a Monk	500	(10)
Katherine Min
How to Become a Writer	510	(5)
Lorrie Moore
The Red Convertible	515	(7)
Louise Erdrich
Territory	522	(15)
David Leavitt
The Novel	537	(102)
Observations on the Novel	537	(102)
Reading Kate Chopin's The Awakening	541	(1)
Picture Portfolio: Kate Chopin and New Orleans	542	(4)
The Awakening	546	(93)
Kate Chopin
Part Three Poetry	639	(310)
Approaching Poetry: Responding in Writing	641	(11)
Harlem	641	(2)
Langston Hughes
Thinking about ``Harlem''	643	(1)
Some Journal Entries	644	(1)
Final Draft	645	(2)
Song: Love Armed	647	(1)
Aphra Behn
Journal Entries	648	(1)
A Sample Essay by a Student: ``The Double Nature of Love''	649	(3)
Lyric Poetry	652	(19)
Michael Row the Boat Ashore	652	(1)
Anonymous
Careless Love	653	(1)
Anonymous
The Colorado Trail	654	(1)
Anonymous
Sally Goodin	654	(1)
Anonymous
Western Wind	655	(1)
Anonymous
Stop All the Clocks, Cut Off the Telephone	656	(1)
W. H. Auden
Spellbound	657	(1)
Emily Bronte
The Self-Unseeing	658	(1)
Thomas Hardy
Deep River	659	(1)
Anonymous
Didn't My Lord Deliver Daniel	660	(1)
Anonymous
Evenin' Air Blues	661	(1)
Langston Hughes
I Ask My Mother to Sing	662	(1)
Li-Young Lee
The Spring and the Fall	662	(1)
Edna St. Vincent Millay
Anthem for Doomed Youth	663	(1)
Wilfred Owen
A Noiseless Patient Spider	664	(1)
Walt Whitman
Ode on a Grecian Urn	665	(2)
John Keats
e. e. cummings, anyone lived in a pretty how town	667	(2)
Sympathy	669	(1)
Pual Laurence Dunbar
Jump Cabling	670	(1)
Linda Pastan
The Speaking Tone of Voice	671	(21)
I'm Nobody! Who Are You?	672	(2)
Emily Dickinson
The Hour-Glass	674	(1)
Ben Jonson
We Real Cool	674	(1)
Gwendolyn Brooks
The Reader as the Speaker	675	(3)
Not Waving but Drowning	676	(1)
Stevie Smith
Homosexuality	676	(2)
Frank O'Hara
The Dramatic Monologue	678	(2)
My Last Duchess	678	(2)
Robert Browning
Diction and Tone	680	(7)
To the Virgins, to Make Much of Time	681	(1)
Robert Herrick
The Man He Killed	682	(1)
Thomas Hardy
An Epitaph	683	(1)
Walter de la Mare
Spring and Fall: To a Young Child	684	(1)
Gerard Manley Hopkins
For a Lady I Know	685	(1)
Countee Cullen
My Mother and the Bed	685	(2)
Lyn Lifshin
The Voice of the Satirist	687	(5)
e. e. cummings, next to of course god america i	687	(1)
Barbie Doll	688	(1)
Marge Piercy
Dear John Wayne	689	(3)
Louise Erdrich
Figurative Language: Simile, Metaphor, Personification, Apostrophe	692	(16)
A Red, Red Rose	693	(1)
Robert Burns
Metaphors	694	(1)
Sylvia Plath
Simile	695	(1)
A Simile for Her Smile	695	(1)
Richard Wilbur
Metaphor	696	(3)
On First Looking into Chapman's Homer	697	(1)
John Keats
A Work of Artifice	698	(1)
Marge Piercy
Personification	699	(1)
Apostrophe	699	(9)
Song	700	(1)
Edmund Waller
The Red Wheelbarrow	701	(1)
William Carlos Williams
The Eagle	702	(1)
Alfred, Lord Tennyson
On the Death of Mr. Robert Levet	703	(1)
Samuel Johnson
Digging	704	(1)
Seamus Heaney
Hawk	705	(3)
Mary Oliver
Imagery and Symbolism	708	(26)
The Sick Rose	709	(1)
William Blake
I Saw in Louisiana a Live-Oak Growing	710	(3)
Walt Whitman
The Whale in the Blue Washing Machine	713	(1)
John Haines
Kubla Khan	713	(3)
Samuel Taylor Coleridge
The Master	716	(2)
Frederick Morgan
The Tropics in New York	718	(1)
Claude McKay
Diving into the Wreck	719	(2)
Adrienne Rich
Salvator Mundi: Via Crucis	721	(2)
Denise Levertov
Thirteen Ways of Looking at a Blackbird	723	(3)
Wallace Stevens
A Note on Haiku	726	(2)
Fallen petals rise	726	(1)
Moritake
If only we could	726	(1)
Sokan
River in summer	726	(1)
Shiki
Four Haiku	727	(1)
Richard Wright
After weeks of watching the roof leak	727	(1)
Gary Snyder
Writing a Haiku	727	(1)
Look, O look, there go	728	(1)
Taigi
Can Poetry be Translated?	728	(6)
Looking at Translations of a Poem	729	(1)
Charles Baudelaire
L'Albatros	729	(2)
Charles Baudelaire
El Pensador de Rodin	731	(3)
Gabriela Mistral
Irony	734	(12)
Rites of Passage	735	(1)
Sharon Olds
How to Eat Alone	736	(2)
Daniel Halpern
Ozymandias	738	(1)
Percy Bysshe Shelley
To His Coy Mistress	739	(1)
Andrew Marvell
Holy Sonnet XIV (``Batter my heart, threepersoned God'')	740	(1)
John Donne
Dream Boogie	741	(2)
Langston Hughes
Tony Went to the Bodega but He Didn't Buy Anything	743	(1)
Martin Espada
Love Is Not All: It Is Not Meat nor Drink	744	(2)
Edna St. Vincent Millay
Rhythm and Versification	746	(18)
An Immorality	747	(2)
Ezra Pound
Eight O'Clock	749	(1)
A. E. Housman
The Dance	750	(1)
William Carlos Williams
Do not go gentle into that good night	751	(1)
Dylan Thomas
The Pitcher	752	(1)
Robert Francis
The Boyhood of Raleigh	753	(2)
Roger McGough
Versification: A Glossary for Reference	755	(9)
Meter	755	(2)
Patterns of Sound	757	(2)
Blackberry Eating	759	(1)
Galway Kinnell
Stanzaic Patterns	760	(1)
Nothing in Heaven Functions as It Ought	761	(1)
X. J. Kennedy
Blank Verse and Free Verse	762	(1)
When I Heard the Learn'd Astronomer	763	(1)
Walt Whitman
In Brief: Writing about Poetry	764	(10)
First Response	764	(1)
Speaker and Tone	764	(1)
Audience	765	(1)
Structure and Form	765	(1)
Center of Interest and Theme	765	(1)
Diction	765	(1)
Sound Effects	766	(1)
A Note on Explication	766	(1)
A Student's Written Response to a Poem	767	(3)
Gretal in Darkness	767	(3)
Louise Gluck
Student Essay: ``A Memory Poem: Louise Gluck's `Gretal in Darkness'''	770	(4)
Poets at Work	774	(13)
Three Versions of ``Leda and the Swan''	774	(2)
William Butler Yeats
Cathy Song: Two Versions of ``Out of Our Hands''	776	(3)
Two Versions of ``Enfans d' Adam, number 9''	779	(1)
Walt Whitman
Two Versions of ``Gesture, Possibly Archaic''	780	(2)
Carl Phillips
Two Versions of ``The Mercy''	782	(1)
Philip Levine
On Writing ``The Mercy''	783	(4)
Philip Levine
Modern and Contemporary Perspectives on Multicultural America	787	(18)
Pocahontas to Her English Husband, John Rolfe	787	(2)
Paula Gunn Allen
The Vanishing Red	789	(1)
Robert Frost
Child of the Americas	790	(1)
Aurora Levins Morales
Ellis Island	791	(1)
Joseph Bruchac III
To the Lady	792	(3)
Mitsuye Yamada
To live in the Borderlands means you	795	(1)
Gloria Anzaldua
Facing It	796	(2)
Yusef Komunyakaa
America	798	(1)
Claude McKay
The Melting Pot	798	(1)
Dudley Randall
Bully	799	(1)
Martin Espada
So Mexicans Are Taking Jobs from Americans	800	(1)
Jimmy Santiago Baca
Moving Camp Too Far	801	(1)
Nila northSun
On the Amtrak from Boston to New York City	802	(2)
Sherman Alexie
My Mother, Who Came from China, Where She Never Saw Snow	804	(1)
Laureen Mar
Variations on Themes: Poems and Paintings	805	(24)
Writing About Poems and Paintings	805	(1)
A Sample Student Essay: ``Two Ways of Looking at A Starry Night''	806	(23)
Van Gogh's Bed	808	(2)
Jane Flanders
Mourning Picture	810	(2)
Adrienne Rich
Cathy Song, Beauty and Sadness	812	(2)
Luncheon on the Grass	814	(2)
Carl Phillips
The Starry Night	816	(2)
Anne Sexton
Musee des Beaux Arts	818	(2)
W. H. Auden
Nude Descending a Staircase	820	(2)
X. J. Kennedy
American Flamingo	822	(2)
Greg Pape
Before the Mirror	824	(2)
John Updike
The Man with the Hoe	826	(3)
Edwin Markham
Three Poets in Depth: Emily Dickinson, Robert Frost, and Langston Hughes	829	(44)
On Reading Authors Represented in Depth	829	(2)
Emily Dickinson	831	(13)
These are the days when Birds come back	832	(1)
Papa above!	832	(1)
Wild Nights---Wild Nights!	832	(1)
There's a certain Slant of light	833	(1)
I got so I could hear his name---	833	(1)
The Soul Selects her own Society	834	(1)
This was a Poet---It is That	834	(1)
I heard a Fly buzz---when I died	835	(1)
This World is not Conclusion	835	(1)
I like to see it lap the Miles	836	(1)
Because I could not stop for Death	836	(1)
A narrow Fellow in the Grass	837	(1)
Further in Summer than the Birds	837	(1)
Tell all the Truth but tell it slant	838	(1)
A Route of Evanescence	838	(1)
Those---dying, then	839	(1)
Apparently with no surprise	839	(1)
I felt a Funeral, in my Brain	840	(2)
I felt a Funeral, in my Brain	842	(1)
I felt a Cleaving in my Mind---	843	(1)
The Dust behind I strove to join	843	(1)
Letters About Poetry	844	(2)
Letter to Susan Gilbert (Dickinson) (1852)	844	(1)
Letter to T. W. Higginson (1862)	845	(1)
Letter to T. W. Higginson (1876)	846	(1)
Robert Frost	846	(10)
The Pasture	847	(1)
Mending Wall	847	(1)
The Wood-Pile	848	(1)
The Road Not Taken	849	(1)
The Telephone	849	(1)
The Oven Bird	850	(1)
Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening	850	(1)
The Aim Was Song	851	(1)
The Need of Being Versed in Country Things	852	(1)
Acquainted with the Night	852	(1)
Desert Places	853	(1)
Design	853	(1)
The Silken Tent	854	(1)
Come In	854	(1)
The Most of It	855	(1)
Robert Frost on Poetry	856	(2)
The Figure a Poem Makes	856	(2)
From ``The Constant Symbol''	858	(1)
Langston Hughes	858	(9)
The Negro Speaks of Rivers	859	(1)
Mother to Son	859	(1)
The Weary Blues	860	(1)
The South	860	(1)
Ruby Brown	861	(1)
Let America Be America Again	862	(2)
Poet to Patron	864	(1)
Ballad of the Landlord	864	(1)
Too Blue	865	(1)
Harlem [1]	865	(1)
Theme for English B	866	(1)
Poet to Bigot	867	(1)
Langston Hughes on Poetry	867	(6)
``The Negro and the Racial Mountain''	867	(4)
On the Cultural Achievement of African-Americans	871	(2)
A Collection of Poems	873	(76)
A Note on Folk Ballads	873	(76)
Sir Patrick Spence	874	(2)
Anonymous
The Three Ravens	876	(1)
Anonymous
The Twa Corbies	877	(1)
Anonymous
Edward	878	(1)
Anonymous
The Demon Lover	879	(2)
Anonymous
John Henry	881	(1)
Anonymous
(``When, in disgrace with Fortune and men's eyes'')	882	(1)
William Shakespeare
(``That time of year thou mayst in me behold'')	883	(1)
William Shakespeare
(``Let me not to the marriage of true minds'')	883	(1)
William Shakespeare
(``Poor soul, the center of my sinful earth'')	884	(1)
William Shakespeare
A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning	884	(2)
John Donne
On My First Son	886	(1)
Ben Jonson
When I consider how my light is spent	886	(1)
John Milton
Infant Joy	887	(1)
William Blake
The Lamb	888	(1)
William Blake
Infant Sorrow	888	(1)
William Blake
The Tyger	888	(1)
William Blake
London	889	(1)
William Blake
The World Is Too Much with Us	889	(1)
William Wordsworth
I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud	890	(1)
William Wordsworth
On Being Brought from Africa to America	891	(1)
Phillis Wheatley
The Indian's Welcome to the Pilgrim Fathers	892	(2)
Lydia Howard Huntley Sigourney
To Autumn	894	(1)
John Keats
Ulysses	895	(2)
Alfred
Lord Tennyson
The March into Virginia	897	(2)
Herman Melville
Dover Beach	899	(1)
Matthew Arnold
The Convergence of the Twain	900	(2)
Thomas Hardy
God's Grandeur	902	(1)
Gerard Manley Hopkins
Shropshire Lad #19 (To an Athlete Dying Young)	903	(1)
A. E. Housman
Sailing to Byzantium	904	(1)
William Butler Yeats
Richard Cory	905	(1)
Edwin Arlington Robinson
To America	906	(1)
James Weldon Johnson
Spring and All	906	(1)
William Carlos Williams
The River-Merchant's Wife: A Letter	907	(2)
Ezra Pound
In a Station of the Metro	909	(1)
Ezra Pound
Helen	909	(1)
H. D.
The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock	910	(3)
T. S. Eliot
Incident	913	(1)
Countee Cullen
Ars Poetica	914	(1)
Archibald MacLeish
e. e. cummings, In Just-	915	(1)
The Unknown Citizen	916	(1)
W. H. Auden
The Fish	917	(2)
Elizabeth Bishop
Poem	919	(1)
Elizabeth Bishop
Those Winter Sundays	920	(1)
Robert Hayden
Myth	921	(1)
Muriel Rukeyser
Contemporary Voices
Martin Luther King Jr.	922	(1)
Gwendolyn Brooks
The Dover Bitch	923	(1)
Anthony Hecht
A Supermarket in California	924	(1)
Allen Ginsberg
Lying in a Hammock at William Duffy's Farm in Pine Island, Minnesota	925	(1)
James Wright
Disagreements	926	(1)
John Hollander
Living in Sin	927	(1)
Adrienne Rich
Rape	927	(1)
Adrienne Rich
Aunt Jennifer's Tigers	928	(1)
Adrienne Rich
For Allen Ginsberg	928	(1)
X. J. Kennedy
The Real Work	929	(1)
Gary Snyder
A Far Cry from Africa	930	(1)
Derek Walcott
Daddy	931	(3)
Sylvia Plath
A Poem for Black Hearts	934	(1)
Amiri Baraka
in the inner city	935	(1)
Lucille Clifton
Love Song	936	(1)
Joseph Brodsky
The Times They Are A-Changin'	936	(2)
Bob Dylan
Sonrisas	938	(1)
Pat Mora
But He Was Cool or: he even stopped for green lights	939	(1)
Don L. Lee
The School Children	940	(1)
Louise Gluck
The Hug	940	(1)
Tess Gallagher
Master Charge Blues	941	(1)
Nikki Giovanni
Quarrel	942	(1)
Ellen Bryant Voight
Chivalry	943	(1)
Carol Muske
Three Thousand Dollar Death Song	944	(2)
Wendy Rose
Vision	946	(1)
Joy Harjo
Daystar	946	(1)
Rita Dove
My Father in the Navy: A Childhood Memory	947	(2)
Judith Ortiz Cofer
Part Four Drama	949	(638)
Some Elements of Drama	951	(17)
Thinking About the Language of Drama	951	(4)
Plot and Character	955	(13)
Trifles	957	(11)
Susan Glaspell
Tragedy	968	(210)
A Note on Greek Tragedy	972	(66)
Oedipus Rex	973	(37)
Sophocles
Antigone	1010	(28)
Sophocles
A Casebook on Hamlet	1038	(1)
A Note on the Elizabethan Theater	1038	(1)
A Note on the text of Halmet	1038	(7)
Hamlet on the Stage	1045	(133)
Hamlet, Prince of Denmark	1048	(112)
William Shakespeare
Hamlet and the Oedipus Complex	1160	(2)
Ernest Jones
On the First Soliloquy	1162	(2)
Stanley Wells
Representing Ophelia	1164	(1)
Elaine Showalter
Playing Gertrude on Television	1165	(1)
Claire Bloom
``Praised Be Rashness'': Hamlet's Chance Encounter with the Pirates (student essay)	1166	(7)
Emily Sandy
The BBC Hamlet: A Television Production	1173	(2)
Bernice W. Kliman
Branagh's Film of Hamlet (student essay)	1175	(3)
Will Saretta
Comedy	1178	(68)
The Man in a Case	1181	(6)
Wendy Wasserstein
A Midsummer Night's Dream	1187	(59)
William Shakespeare
In Brief: Writing about Drama	1246	(14)
Plot and Conflict	1246	(1)
Character	1247	(1)
Tragedy	1247	(1)
Comedy	1247	(1)
Nonverbal Language	1248	(1)
The Play in Performance	1248	(1)
A Sample Student Essay, Using Sources	1249	(1)
``The Women in Death of a Salesman'' (student essay)	1250	(10)
Ruth Katz
A Playwright at Work: Joyce Carol Oates	1260	(36)
Tone Clusters	1261	(31)
On Writing Drama	1292	(2)
Further Thoughts on Tone Clusters	1294	(2)
A Collection of Plays in Contexts	1296	(291)
A Doll's House	1296	(52)
Henrik Ibsen
Contexts for a Doll's House
Notes for the Tragedy of Modern Times	1348	(1)
Henrik Ibsen
Adaptation of A Doll's House for a German Production	1349	(1)
Henrik Ibsen
Speech at the Banquet of the Norwegian League for Women's Rights	1350	(1)
Henrik Ibsen
The Glass Menagerie	1350	(47)
Tennessee William
A Context for the Glass Menagerie
Production Notes	1397	(2)
Tennessee Williams
Contemporary Voices
The Death of a Salesman	1399	(69)
Arthur Miller
A Context for Death of a Salesman
Tragedy and the Common Man	1468	(3)
Arthur Miller
Los Vendidos	1471	(11)
Luis Valdez
A Context for Los Vendidos
The Actos	1482	(1)
Luis Valdez
On Tidy Endings	1483	(18)
Harvey Fierstein
Fences	1501	(51)
August Wilson
A Context for Fences
Talking about Fences	1552	(3)
August Wilson
Oleanna	1555	(29)
David Mamet
A Context for Oleanna
Talking about Drama	1584	(3)
David Mamet
Part Five Critical Perspectives	1587	(107)
Critical Approaches: The Nature of Criticism	1589	(24)
Critical Perspectives on Joseph Conrad: Heart of Darkness: A Casebook	1613	(81)
Heart of Darkness	1613	(60)
Remarks on Fiction	1673	(2)
An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrad's Heart of Darkness	1675	(7)
Chinua Achebe
The Double Worlds of Men and Women	1682	(4)
Elaine Showalter
The Symbolism of the Two Knitters	1686	(3)
Ian Watt
The Imperial Attitude	1689	(1)
Edward W. Said
Teaching the Politics of Heart of Darkness	1690	(4)
Gerald Graff
Appendix A Remarks about Manuscript Form	1694	(6)
Basic Manuscript form	1694	(1)
Corrections in the Final Copy	1695	(1)
Quotations and Quotation Marks	1696	(4)
Quotations Marks or Underlining?	1699	(1)
A Note on the Possessive	1699	(1)
Appendix B Writing a Research Paper	1700	(19)
What Research is Not and What Research is	1700	(1)
Primary and Secondary materials	1700	(2)
Locating Materials: First Steps	1701	(1)
Other Bibliographic Aids	1702	(1)
Taking Notes	1703	(2)
Two Mechanical Aids: The Photocopier and the Word Processor	1703	(1)
A Guide to Note Taking	1704	(1)
Drafting the Paper: Organizing the Material, and Leading into Quotations	1705	(1)
A Sense of Proportion	1706	(1)
Documentation	1706	(13)
What to Document: Avoiding Plagiarism	1706	(2)
How to Document: Footnotes and Internal Parenthetical Citations, and a List of Works Cited (MLA Format)	1708	(11)
Appendix C New Approaches to the Research Paper: Literature, History, and the World Wide Web	1719	(28)
Case Study on Literature and History: The Internment of Japanese Americans	1720	(1)
Literary Texts	1720	(4)
The Question of Loyalty	1720	(1)
Mitsuye Yamada
An Argument: On 1942	1721	(3)
David Mura
Historical Sources	1724	(8)
Basic Reference Books (Short Paper)	1724	(2)
Getting Deeper (Medium-Length Paper)	1726	(3)
Other Reference Sources (Long Paper)	1729	(2)
Too Much Information?	1731	(1)
Using the On-Line Catalog	1732	(1)
Electronic Sources	1733	(8)
Encyclopedias: Print and Electronic Versions	1733	(3)
The Internet/World Wide Web	1736	(5)
Evaluating Sources on the World Wide Web	1741	(1)
Documentation: Citing a www Source	1742	(1)
Additional Print and Electronic Sources	1743	(4)
Print Directories	1743	(1)
Print Articles on Literature, History, and the www	1744	(1)
Online Writing Centers and Labs	1745	(1)
English Departments, Curricula, and Courses Online	1746	(1)
Appendix D Literary Research: Print and Electronic Resources	1747	(16)
Literature---Print Reference Sources	1747	(4)
Other Reference Resources	1748	(1)
Bibliographies	1749	(1)
Literary Theory and Criticism	1750	(1)
Literature---Electronic Sources	1751	(2)
Other Useful Sites on Authors	1752	(1)
Other Valuable Sites for Research	1753	(1)
History---Reference and Bibliography Sources	1753	(1)
WWW Sites for History	1754	(1)
Periodicals: Print and Electronic Sources	1754	(1)
For General Bibliography in the Humanities	1755	(1)
For Evaluating the Point of View, the Content, and the Intended Audience of Sources	1756	(1)
Other Resources	1757	(1)
What Does Your Institution Offer?	1757	(1)
Summing Up: Basic Tools for Writing and Research	1758	(5)
Books	1759	(1)
Electronic Sources	1759	(3)
An Important Reminder	1762	(1)
Appendix E Glossary of Literary Terms	1763	(12)
Acknowledgments	1775	(14)
Index of Terms	1789	(4)
Index of Authors, Titles, and First Lines of Poems	1793