Introduction To Modeling And Control Of Internal Combustion Engine Systems

by Guzzella, Lino; Onder, Christopher H.

• ISBN13: 9783540222743
• ISBN10: 354022274X
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2004-11-16
• Publisher: Springer Verlag

Summary

Internal combustion engines still have a potential for substantial improvements, particularly with regard to fuel efficiency and environmental compatibility. These goals can be achieved with help of control systems. Modeling and Control of Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) addresses these issues by offering an introduction to cost-effective model-based control system design for ICE. The primary emphasis is put on the ICE and its auxiliary devices. Mathematical models for these processes are developed in the text and selected feedforward and feedback control problems are discussed. The appendix contains a summary of the most important controller analysis and design methods, and a case study that analyzes a simplified idle-speed control problem. The book is written for students interested in the design of classical and novel ICE control systems.

Table of Contents

1 Introduction	1	(20)
1.1 Control Systems for IC Engines	1	(2)
1.1.1 Relevance of Engine Control Systems	1	(1)
1.1.2 Electronic Engine Control Hardware and Software	2	(1)
1.2 Overview of SI Engine Control Problems	3	(6)
1.2.1 General Remarks	3	(2)
1.2.2 Main Control Loops in SI Engines	5	(2)
1.2.3 Future Developments	7	(2)
1.3 Overview of CI Engine Control Problems	9	(7)
1.3.1 General Remarks	9	(2)
1.3.2 Main Control Loops in Diesel Engines	11	(4)
1.3.3 Future Developments	15	(1)
1.4 Structure of the Text	16	(1)
1.5 Notation	17	(4)
2 Mean-Value Models	21	(108)
2.1 Introduction	22	(2)
2.2 Cause and Effect Diagrams	24	(6)
2.2.1 Spark-Ignited Engines	25	(3)
2.2.2 Diesel Engines	28	(2)
2.3 Air System	30	(22)
2.3.1 Receivers	30	(1)
2.3.2 Valve Mass Flows	31	(4)
2.3.3 Engine Mass Flows	35	(2)
2.3.4 Exhaust Gas Recirculation	37	(3)
2.3.5 Superchargers	40	(12)
2.4 Fuel System	52	(12)
2.4.1 Introduction	52	(1)
2.4.2 Wall-Wetting Dynamics	53	(10)
2.4.3 Gas Mixing and Transport Delays	63	(1)
2.5 Mechanical System	64	(15)
2.5.1 Torque Generation	64	(10)
2.5.2 Engine Speed	74	(5)
2.6 Thermal Systems	79	(12)
2.6.1 Introduction	79	(1)
2.6.2 Engine Exhaust Gas Enthalpy	80	(2)
2.6.3 Thermal Model of the Exhaust Manifold	82	(1)
2.6.4 Simplified Thermal Model	83	(1)
2.6.5 Detailed Thermal Model	84	(7)
2.7 Pollutant Formation	91	(14)
2.7.1 Introduction	91	(1)
2.7.2 Stoichiometric Combustion	92	(1)
2.7.3 Pollutant Formation in SI Engines	93	(6)
2.7.4 Pollutant Formation in Diesel Engines	99	(2)
2.7.5 Control-Oriented NO Model	101	(4)
2.8 Pollutant Abatement Systems	105	(24)
2.8.1 Introduction	105	(1)
2.8.2 Pollution Abatement Systems for SI Engines	105	(13)
2.8.3 Pollution Abatement Systems for Diesel Engines	118	(11)
3 Discrete-Event Models	129	(44)
3.1 Introduction to DEM	130	(8)
3.1.1 When are DEM Required?	130	(1)
3.1.2 Discrete-Time Effects of the Combustion	130	(2)
3.1.3 Discrete Action of the ECU	132	(3)
3.1.4 DEM for Injection and Ignition	135	(3)
3.2 The Most Important DEM in Engine Systems	138	(24)
3.2.1 DEM of the Mean Torque Production	138	(5)
3.2.2 DEM of the Air Flow Dynamics	143	(3)
3.2.3 DEM of the Fuel-Flow Dynamics	146	(9)
3.2.4 DEM of the Back-Flow Dynamics of CNG Engines	155	(2)
3.2.5 DEM of the Residual Gas Dynamics	157	(3)
3.2.6 DEM of the Exhaust System	160	(2)
3.3 DEM Based on Cylinder Pressure Information	162	(11)
3.3.1 General Remarks	162	(1)
3.3.2 Estimation of Burned-Mass Fraction	163	(2)
3.3.3 Cylinder Charge Estimation	165	(5)
3.3.4 Torque Variations Due to Pressure Pulsations	170	(3)
4 Control of Engine Systems	173	(50)
4.1 Introduction	174	(7)
4.1.1 General Remarks	174	(1)
4.1.2 Software Structure	175	(3)
4.1.3 Engine Operating Point	178	(1)
4.1.4 Engine Calibration	179	(2)
4.2 Air/Fuel Ratio Control System	181	(25)
4.2.1 Feedforward Control System	181	(5)
4.2.2 Feedback Control System	186	(20)
4.3 Control of an SCR System	206	(5)
4.4 Engine Thermomanagement	211	(12)
4.4.1 Introduction	211	(1)
4.4.2 Control Problem Formulation	212	(2)
4.4.3 Feedforward Control System	214	(2)
4.4.4 Experimental Results	216	(7)
A Appendix A	223	(44)
A.1 Modeling of Dynamic Systems	223	(9)
A.2 System Description and System Properties	232	(6)
A.3 Model Uncertainty	238	(3)
A.4 Control System Design for Nominal Plants	241	(9)
A.5 Control System Design for Uncertain Plants	250	(3)
A.6 Controller Discretization	253	(9)
A.7 Controller Realization	262	(2)
A.7.1 Gain Scheduling	263	(1)
A.7.2 Anti Reset Windup	264	(1)
A.8 Further Reading	264	(3)
B Appendix B	267	(24)
B.1 Modeling of the Idle Speed System	268	(9)
B.1.1 Introduction	268	(1)
B.1.2 System Structure	269	(1)
B.1.3 Description of Subsystems	270	(7)
B.2 Parameter Identification and Model Validation	277	(8)
B.2.1 Static Behavior	277	(4)
B.2.2 Dynamic Behavior	281	(2)
B.2.3 Numerical Values of the Model Parameters	283	(2)
B.3 Description of Linear System	285	(2)
B.4 Control System Design and Implementation	287	(4)
References	291