Introduction to Modern Thermodynamics

by Dilip Kondepudi (Wake Forest University)

• ISBN13: 9780470986493
• ISBN10: 0470986492
• Format: eBook
• Copyright: 2008-07-01
• Publisher: WILEY

Summary

This is the first modern approach to thermodynamics written specifically for a first undergraduate course. It covers the fundamental formalism with some attention given to its history; describes basic applications of the formalism and continues with a number of additional applications that instructors can use according to their particular degree program - these chapters cover thermal radiation, biological systems, nano systems, classical stability theory, and principles of statistical thermodynamics. A wide range of examples appear throughout the book from biological, engineering and atmospheric systems.Each chapter contains a bibliography and numerous examples and exercises. An accompanying web site will provide students with information and links to data sources and other thermodynamics-related sites, and instructors will be able to download complete solutions to exercises.

Table of Contents

Preface.PART I THE FORMALISM OF MODERN THERMODYNAMICS.1 BASIC CONCEPTS AND THE LAWS OF GASES.Introduction.1.1 Thermodynamic Systems.1.2 Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium Systems.1.3 Biological and Other Open Systems.1.4 Temperature, Heat and Quantitative Laws of Gases.1.5 States of Matter and the van der Waals Equation.1.6 An Introduction to Kinetic Theory of Gases.Appendix 1.1 Partial Derivatives.Appendix 1.2 Elementary Concepts in Probability Theory.Appendix 1.3 Mathematica Code.References.Examples.Exercises.2 THE FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS.The Idea of Energy Conservation amidst New Discoveries.2.1 The Nature of Heat.2.2 The First Law of Thermodynamics: The Conservation of Energy.2.3 Elementary Applications of the First Law.2.4 Thermochemistry: Conservation of Energy in Chemical Reactions.2.5 Extent of Reaction: A State Variable for Chemical Systems.2.6 Conservation of Energy in Nuclear Reactions and Some General Remarks.2.7 Energy Flows and Organized States.Appendix 2.1 Mathematica Codes.References.Examples.Exercises.3 THE SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS AND THE ARROW OF TIME.3.1 The Birth of the Second Law.3.2 The Absolute Scale of Temperature.3.3 The Second Law and the Concept of Entropy.3.4 Entropy, Reversible and Irreversible Processes.3.5 Examples of Entropy Changes due to Irreversible Processes.3.6 Entropy Changes Associated with Phase Transformations.3.7 Entropy of an Ideal Gas.3.8 Remarks about the Second Law and Irreversible Processes.Appendix 3.1 The Hurricane as a Heat Engine.Appendix 3.2 Entropy Production in Continuous Systems.References.Examples.Exercises.4 ENTROPY IN THE REALM OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS.4.1 Chemical Potential and Affi nity: The Thermodynamic Force for Chemical Reactions.4.2 General Properties of Affinity.4.3 Entropy Production Due to Diffusion.4.4 General Properties of Entropy.Appendix 4.1 Thermodynamics Description of Diffusion.References.Examples.Exercises.5 EXTREMUM PRINCIPLES AND GENERAL THERMODYNAMIC RELATIONS.Extremum Principles in Nature.5.1 Extremum Principles Associated with the Second Law.5.2 General Thermodynamic Relations.5.3 Gibbs Energy of Formation and Chemical Potential.5.4 Maxwell Relations.5.5 Extensivity with Respect to N and Partial Molar Quantities.5.6 Surface Tension.References.Examples.Exercises.PART II APPLICATIONS: EQUILIBRIUM AND NONEQUILIBRIUM SYSTEMS.6 BASIC THERMODYNAMICS OF GASES, LIQUIDS AND SOLIDS.Introduction.6.1 Thermodynamics of Ideal Gases.6.2 Thermodynamics of Real Gases.6.3 Thermodynamics Quantities for Pure Liquids and Solids.Appendix 6.1 Equations of State.ReferenceExamples.Exercises.7 THERMODYNAMICS OF PHASE CHANGE.Introduction.7.1 Phase Equilibrium and Phase Diagrams.7.2 The Gibbs Phase Rule and Duhem's Theorem.7.3 Binary and Ternary Systems.7.4 Maxwell's Construction and the Lever Rule.7.5 Phase Transitions.References.Examples.Exercises.8 THERMODYNAMICS OF SOLUTIONS.8.1 Ideal and Nonideal Solutions.8.2 Colligative Properties.8.3 Solubility Equilibrium.8.4 Thermodynamic Mixing and Excess Functions.8.5 Azeotropy.References.Examples.Exercises.9 THERMODYNAMICS OF CHEMICAL TRANSFORMATIONS.9.1 Transformations of Matter.9.2 Chemical Reaction Rates.