Introduction to Process Technology

by Thomas, Charles E.

• ISBN13: 9781930528000
• ISBN10: 1930528000
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2001-01-01
• Publisher: Varsitybooks.Com

Summary

Introduction to Process Technology was written to assist those interested in pursuing a career as a process plant operator. The book is comprehensive in scope, covering an overview of the industry, equipment, systems, processes, safety and regulatory concerns, and applied science. The chapters include objectives, a list of the key terms, definitions, chapter summary, and review questions. A glossary is included at the back of the book.

Table of Contents

History of the Chemical Processing Industry	p. 1
Key Terms	p. 2
History of the Chemical Processing Industry	p. 3
Working in the Chemical Processing Industry	p. 11
College Programs for Process Technology	p. 14
Your Career as a Process Technician	p. 19
Careers in the Chemical Processing Industry	p. 22
Introduction to Process Technology	p. 27
Key Terms	p. 28
Roles and Responsibilities of a Process Technician	p. 29
Safety, Health, and Environment	p. 34
Quality Control	p. 35
Process Equipment, Systems, and Operations	p. 37
Instrumentation and Process Control	p. 39
Applied Chemistry and Physics	p. 39
Industrial Processes	p. 40
Troubleshooting	p. 40
Safety, Health, and Environment	p. 43
Key Terms	p. 44
Basic Safety	p. 45
OSHA	p. 46
The PSM Standard	p. 47
The Hazard Communication Program	p. 48
Safe Handling, Storage, and Moving of Hazardous Chemicals	p. 50
Physical Hazards Associated with Chemicals	p. 50
Health Hazards Associated with Chemicals	p. 50
The Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)	p. 52
Toxicology	p. 52
Respiratory Protection Programs	p. 52
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)	p. 53
Emergency Response	p. 53
Plant Permit System	p. 54
Classification of Fires and Fire Extinguishers	p. 54
Hazworper	p. 56
Hearing Conservation and Industrial Noise	p. 56
Department of Transportation	p. 56
Basic Process Principles	p. 61
Key Terms	p. 62
Basic Principles of Pressure	p. 63
Heat, Heat Transfer, and Temperature	p. 69
Fluid Flow	p. 70
Basic Math for Process Technicians	p. 73
Equipment One	p. 85
Key Terms	p. 86
Basic Hand Tools	p. 87
Valves	p. 88
Piping and Storage Tanks	p. 93
Pumps	p. 96
Compressors	p. 99
Steam Turbines	p. 100
Steam Traps	p. 102
Electricity and Motors	p. 102
Equipment Lubrication, Bearings, and Seals	p. 105
Equipment Two	p. 109
Key Terms	p. 110
Heat Exchangers	p. 111
Cooling Towers	p. 112
Boilers	p. 113
Furnaces	p. 115
Reactors	p. 116
Distillation	p. 116
Plastics Plant Equipment	p. 120
Pressure Relief Equipment	p. 122
Process Instrumentation	p. 125
Key Terms	p. 126
PFDs and P&IDs	p. 127
Process Instruments	p. 139
Basic Elements of a Control Loop	p. 139
Process Variables and Control Loops	p. 140
Primary Elements and Sensors	p. 142
Transmitters and Control Loops	p. 142
Controllers and Control Modes	p. 143
Final Control Elements and Control Loops	p. 145
Interlocks and Permissives	p. 146
P&ID Components	p. 146
Systems	p. 153
Key Terms	p. 154
Flow Diagrams and Equipment Relationships	p. 155
Compressor System	p. 155
Heat Exchanger and Cooling Tower System	p. 156
Lubrication System	p. 156
Electrical System	p. 156
Furnace System	p. 158
Plastics System	p. 158
Reactor System	p. 160
Steam Generation System	p. 160
Distillation System	p. 161
Refrigeration System	p. 162
Water Treatment System	p. 164
Hydraulics	p. 165
Utilities	p. 166
Industrial Processes	p. 169
Key Terms	p. 170
Common Industrial Processes	p. 171
Petrochemical Processes	p. 173
Benzene	p. 173
BTX Aromatics	p. 173
Ethylbenzene	p. 175
Ethylene Glycols	p. 175
Mixed Xylenes	p. 175
Olefins	p. 177
Paraxylene	p. 177
Polyethylene	p. 177
Xylene Isomerization	p. 177
Ethylene	p. 178
Refining Processes	p. 178
Alkylation	p. 179
Fluid Catalytic Cracking	p. 179
Hydrodesulfurization	p. 180
Hydrocracking	p. 181
Fluid Coking	p. 183
Catalytic Reforming	p. 183
Crude Distillation	p. 183
Operations	p. 187
Key Terms	p. 188
Team Skills	p. 189
Quality Tools	p. 189
Statistical Process Control (SPC)	p. 190
Troubleshooting	p. 193
Benchtop Operations	p. 195
Pilot Plant Operation	p. 195
Process Chemistry	p. 201
Key Terms	p. 202
Fundamental Principles of Chemistry	p. 205
Chemical Equations and the Periodic Table	p. 207
Chemical Reactions	p. 213
Material Balance	p. 216
Percent-by-Weight Solutions	p. 217
pH Measurements	p. 218
Hydrocarbons	p. 219
Applied Concepts to Chemical Processing	p. 221
Applied Physics	p. 229
Key Terms	p. 230
Fundamental Concepts	p. 231
Density and Specific Gravity	p. 233
Pressure in Fluids	p. 237
Complex and Simple Machines	p. 239
Environmental Control	p. 249
Key terms	p. 250
Air Pollution Control	p. 251
Water Pollution Control	p. 252
Solid Waste Control	p. 253
Toxic Substances Control	p. 254
Emergency Response	p. 254
Community Right-to-Know	p. 254
Quality Control	p. 259
Key Terms	p. 260
Principles of Continuous Quality Improvement	p. 261
Quality Improvement Cycle	p. 261
Supplier-Customer Relationship	p. 262
Quality Tools	p. 262
Statistical Process Control	p. 263
Flow Charts	p. 267
Run Charts	p. 267
Cause-and-Effect Diagrams (Fishbone)	p. 267
Pareto Charts	p. 268
Planned Experimentation	p. 269
Histograms or Frequency Plots	p. 269
Forms for Collecting Data	p. 270
Scatter Plots	p. 271
Self-Directed Job Search	p. 273
Key Terms	p. 274
The Job Search	p. 275
Pre-Employment Testing	p. 278
Sample Cover Letter and Resume	p. 279
Work Experience	p. 280
Glossary	p. 283
Index	p. B
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