Introduction to Social Work Through the Eyes of Practice Settings

by Martin, Michelle E.

• ISBN13: 9780205681822
• ISBN10: 0205681824
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2015-01-07
• Publisher: Pearson

Summary

Note: This is the bound book only and does not include access to the Enhanced Pearson eText. To order the Enhanced Pearson eText packaged with a bound book, use ISBN 0134057511.

 

Introduction to Social Work by Michelle Martin is designed to help readers understand the role and function of social workers within the context of a range of social service practice settings–child welfare, adolescence, older adults, mental health, homelessness, health care and hospice, school social work, religion and spirituality, violence and victim advocacy, and international social work. In it, readers learn to recognize a range of social problems impacting people within society, particularly members of at-risk and disenfranchised populations; understand key psychosocial and clinical issues impacting a range of populations within various theoretical frameworks; and apply key intervention strategies to case studies involving frequently encountered social problems and psychosocial issues. The text is consistent with the new CSWE EPAS, emphasizes ethical practice by infusing the NASW Code of Ethics throughout, integrates the use of technology, explores the role of religion and spirituality in the helping process, and examines social policy and legislation through a comprehensive history of related federal policy and legislation. The Enhanced Pearson eText features embedded video and assessments.

 

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Author Biography

Michelle Martin has over 25 years experience working in advocacy, policy and social work. She has a PhD in Peace Studies from the University of Bradford in the UK, an MSocSci in global policy studies from the University of Bristol in the UK, and an MSW from University of Illinois, Jane Addams College of Social Work in Chicago. Michelle is the author of three books, Introduction to Human Services: Through the Eyes of Practice Settings; Advocacy for Social Justice: A Global Perspective, and Introduction to Social Work: Through the Eyes of Practice Settings, and several articles focusing primarily on social policy and global issues related to human rights violations and conflict. Her area of research focuses on the internationalization of global conflict, including the history of ethnonationalist conflict, and civil war and genocide in Rwanda, with a focus on the role of social media in conflict and peace processes. She has also extensively studied forced migration and conflict-generated diaspora and their engagement in peace and conflict processes.

 

Michelle is also interested in human rights mechanisms and the role of the United Nations in responding to human rights violations, as well as the relationship between emerging technologies, globalization and global conflict situations. Michelle is particularly committed to advocating for marginalized and at-risk populations on a global level. Michelle teaches at Dominican University in the Chicago area.

Table of Contents

Preface xiii

Part I: Foundational Issues in Social Work Policy and Practice

1. Introduction to the Social Work Profession: Purpose, Preparation,

Practice, and Theoretical Orientations 1

The Nature of Social Work and Its Need in Society 2

Social Workers: Educational Requirements and Professional Standards 4

How Do Social Workers Practice and What Do They Do? 8

Theoretical Frameworks Used in Social Work 9

Summary 12

2. The Evolution of Social Welfare Policy: Effect on Social Work Practice 14

The History of Social Welfare Policy and Provision in Europe

and the United States 14

The Feudal System of the Middle Ages 15

Poor Laws of England 16

The Elizabethan Poor Laws 17

Charity Organization Society Movement in the United States 18

Jane Addams and the Settlement House Movement 19

The New Deal and the Social Security Act of 1935 21

Influences of African American Social Workers 22

Gay Rights: From Marriage Equality to “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” Repeal 24

Welfare Reform and the Emergence of Neoliberal Economic Policies 26

The Christian Right 29

The Tea Party Movement 29

A Time for Change: The Election of the First African American President 30

Summary 32

3. Generalist Skills and Intervention Strategies: Effecting Meaningful

and Ethical Change 33

Ethics and the Social Work Profession 34

What Does It Mean to Be Ethical? 35

The Conflict Between Ethical Standards and Emotional Desires 35

Resolving Ethical Dilemmas 36

Cultural Influences on the Perception of Ethical Behavior 37

Ethical Standards in Social Work 39

Informed Consent and Confidentiality 40

Skills and Competencies 42

Sympathy and Empathy 43

Boundary Setting 45

The Psychosocial Assessment 47

Bowen’s Family Genogram 49

Psychological Testing 50

Continuum of Mental Health and Mental Illness 51

Generalist Techniques for Direct Practice 51

Task-Centered Casework 52

Perceptual Reframing, Emotional Regulation, Networking, and Advocacy 53

Cultural Competence and Diversity 55

Social Work Practice on a Macro Level 56

At-risk, Oppressed, and Disenfranchised Populations 58

A Human Rights Framework: Inalienable Rights for All Human Beings 59

Shared Goals of Effective Macropractice Techniques 59

Common Aspects of Macro Practice 60

Summary 62

Part II: Social Work in Action–Common Practice Settings

4. Child Welfare Services: Overview and Purpose of Child and Family

Services Agencies 64

Introduction to Child and Family Services 65

The History of Child Welfare in the United States 66

Slavery and Child Labor 67

Child Labor During the Industrial Era: Children and Factories 68

The Orphan Problem and the History of the Foster Care System in Early America 69

Early Orphan Asylums 69

The Orphan Trains 70

Jane Addams and the Fight for Child Labor Laws 71

Overview of the Current U.S. Child Welfare System 73

Getting into the System 73

Current Legislation Impacting the U.S. Child Welfare System 74

Child Abuse Investigations 75

When to Intervene: Models for Decision Making 78

Working With Children in Placement 80

Working With Biological Families of Children in Placement 82

Working With Foster Children: Common Clinical Issues 83

Reunification 90

Family Preservation 91

Ethnic Minority Populations and Multicultural Considerations 92

Placing Children of Color in Caucasian Homes 93

Native Americans and the U.S. Child Welfare System 95

Summary 97

5. Adolescent Services 98

Adolescence: A New Stage of Development? 99

Developmental Perspectives of Adolescence 99

Common Psychosocial Issues and the Role of the Social Worker 102

Adolescent Rebellion 102

Depression, Anxiety, and Deliberate Self-harm 104

Suicide Risk in Adolescence 106

Eating Disorders 109

Chronic and Severe Mental Illness: Schizophrenia in Adolescence 110

Practice Settings Specific to Adolescent Services 111

Multicultural Considerations 114

Summary 116

6. Social Work and Older Adults 117

The Aging of America: Changing Demographics 119

Old and Old-Old: A Developmental Perspective 120

Successful Aging 123

Current Issues Affecting Older Adults and the Role of the Social Worker 124

Ageism 125

Housing 126

Homelessness and the Older Adult Population 127

Adjustment to Retirement 129

Grandparents Parenting 130

Depression 132

Dementia 133

Elder Abuse 134

Legislation Affecting Older Adults 135

Practice Settings Serving Older Adults 136

Special Populations 137

Summary 138

7. Mental Health and Mental Illness 140

The History of Mental Health Treatment in the United States 141

The Deinstitutionalization of the Mentally Ill 143

Common Mental Illnesses and Psychosocial Issues 144

Serious Mental Disorders Diagnosed on Axis I 145

Serious Mental Disorders Diagnosed on Axis II 146

Mental Health Counseling Interventions 148

Clinical Diagnoses 151

Common Mental Health Practice Settings 152

Mental Illness and Special Populations 154

Ethnic Minority Populations 155

Military Personnel 156

The Homeless Population 159

Prisoner Populations: The Criminalization of the Mentally Ill 161

Current Legislation Affecting Access to Mental Health Services

and Mental Health Parity 163

Summary 166

8. Homelessness 167

History of Homelessness in the United States 169

A Snapshot of Homelessness 171

Gauging the Scope of the Problem 172

The Many Causes of Homelessness 174

The Rise of Homelessness in Single-mother Families 177

Homeless Shelter Living: Families with Children 179

Homeless Children: School Attendance and Academic Performance 180

Runaway and Homeless Youth 182

Single Homeless Men: Mental Illness and Substance Abuse 184

Older Adult Homeless Population 184

Homelessness Due to Natural Disasters 186

Working with Homeless Populations: The Role of the Social Worker 188

Common Housing Assistance Practice Settings 190

Summary 193

9. Healthcare and Hospice 194

Social Work in Hospitals and Other Healthcare Settings 196

Crisis and Trauma Counseling 197

Single Visits and Rapid Assessment 198

Working with Patients with HIV/AIDS 199

HIV/AIDS and the Latino Population 201

Three-pronged Approach to Working With the HIV/AIDS Population 202

The U.S. Healthcare Crisis: A Legislative Response 202

Ethical Considerations for Social Workers in Healthcare Settings 205

The Hospice Movement 205

The History of Hospice: The Neglect of the Dying 205

The Hospice Philosophy 206

The Hospice Team and the Role of the Hospice Social Worker 207

Intervention Strategies: Counseling the Terminally Ill and Their Family Members 208

Resisting the Reality of Death 210

Planning for the Death 211

The Spiritual Component of Dying 212

Effective Bereavement Counseling 212

Multicultural Considerations 213

Ethical Considerations for Social Workers Working in Hospice Settings 214

Summary 215

10. School Social Work 217

The History of Social Work in the Public School System 219

School Social Work: The Traditional Model, Roles, Functions, and Core

Competencies 221

Interprofessional Collaboration: Working with Other Mental Health Professionals

Within the Public School Setting 223

The Plight of Urban Schools 226

Diversity in the Schools: Developing Cultural Competence 227

Working With Racial and Ethnic Minority Groups 227

Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgendered, and Questioning Youth 229

The Terrorist Threat and “Islamophobia” 230

Depression and Other Psychosocial Concerns 232

Substance Abuse in the Schools 233

Child Abuse and Neglect: Protecting Students 235

Bullying 235

Teenage Pregnancy 237

Common Ethical Dilemmas Facing School Social Workers 238

Summary 239

11. Religion, Spirituality, and Faith-based Agencies 240

The Historical Role of Religion in Caring for the Poor and Disadvantaged 242

The Role of Spirituality in Social Work 244

Faith-based Agencies: Social Service Delivery from Different Faith Traditions 247

Legislation and Policy Affecting Faith-based Agencies 248

The Benefits of Faith-based Services 250

Religious Diversity in Faith-based Organizations 250

The Role of the Social Worker: Social Services and Intervention Strategies 251

Jewish Social Service Agencies 251

Christian Social Services Agencies 253

Islamic Social Services Agencies 257

The Mindfulness Movement 260

Summary 261

12 .Violence, Victim Advocacy, and Corrections 263

Forensic Social Work: Working with Survivors and Perpetrators of Violence 265

Intimate Partner Violence 266

The Nature of IPV: The Cycle of Violence 267

Working with Survivors of IPV 268

IPV Practice Settings 271

The Prosecution of IPV 272

Batterer Intervention Programs 273

Sexual Assault 274

Why People Commit Rape 275

The Psychological Impact of Sexual Assault 276

Male-on-Male Sexual Assault 276

Common Practice Settings: Rape Crisis Centers 277

Working with Survivors of Violent Crime 277

The Victims’ Bill of Rights and Victim-Witness Assistance 278

Survivors of Homicide 279

Common Psychosocial Issues Among Survivors of Violent Crime 280

Working with Perpetrators of Crime 280

Gang Activity 281

Forensic Social Work Practice Settings Focusing on Gang Involvement 282

Social Workers in the Corrections System 283

Disparity in Sentencing: The Incarceration of Ethnic Minorities 283

Psychosocial Issues in the Prison Population: The Role of the Social Worker 285

Mental Health Programs in Correctional Facilities 285

Prison and Pregnancy 285

Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS 286

Barriers to Treatment 286

Summary 287

13. International Social Work 288

The Global Community 289

HIV/AIDS Pandemic 291

Crimes Against Women and Children 292

Female Genital Mutilation 292

Human Sex Trafficking 293

Orphans and Vulnerable Youth: Street Children 294

Child Labor and Economic Injustice 295

Indigenous People 296

Refugees 297

International Disaster Relief 299

The Effectiveness of International Disaster Relief and the Role of the Social Worker 299

Providing Psychosocial Support for Disaster Survivors 300

Crimes Against Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgendered Populations 301

Government-Sanctioned Torture and Abuse 303

Genocide and Rape as a Weapon of War 305

International Social Work Practice in Action 306

Summary 307

Epilogue: The Future of Social Work in an Ever-Changing World 308

References 312

Index 330