Introduction to Synthetic Polymers

by Campbell, Ian M.

• ISBN13: 9780198564706
• ISBN10: 0198564708
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2000-06-22
• Publisher: Oxford University Press

Summary

This clear and concise textbook introduces the huge field of polymer science to students taking degree courses in chemistry, materials science and related subjects covering polymers. By focusing on the few major polymers, for example polystyrene and PVC, which are in common use and which the students will recognize, the book illustrates simply the basic principles of polymer science. It looks at the factors which give rise to the special properties of polymers, and emphasizes how polymer molecules can be synthesised with different sizes and architectures to tailor the properties of the resulting material. The later chapters then introduce a wide range of polymers, some with special applications now and others with exciting potential for the future. There are exercises at the end of each chapter.

Table of Contents

Introduction	1	(16)
Definitions and nomenclature	1	(3)
Some historical perspectives	4	(1)
The synthetic polymers industry	5	(3)
General features of polymerization processes	8	(8)
Exercises	14	(2)
Average molecular masses and polydispersity	16	(16)
Definitions and illustrations	16	(1)
Experimental determinations	17	(15)
Exercises	29	(3)
Microscopic features of bulk polymers	32	(27)
General aspects	32	(2)
Microcrystallinity and fibre-drawing	34	(4)
Amorphous polymers	38	(3)
Glass transition temperatures (Tg)	41	(6)
Melting temperatures(Tm)	47	(3)
Measurement of Tg and Tm	50	(4)
Concluding remarks	54	(5)
Exercises	55	(4)
Major techniques for analysis and structure determination	59	(21)
Infrared absorption and Raman spectroscopy	59	(6)
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy	65	(3)
X-ray scattering	68	(8)
Concluding remarks	76	(4)
Exercises	77	(3)
Step-growth polymerizations	80	(17)
General features	80	(4)
Linear step-growth systems with two monomers	84	(1)
Some important linear step-growth polymers	85	(3)
Network polymers	88	(5)
Concluding remarks	93	(4)
Exercises	94	(3)
Addition polymerization via free radicals	97	(30)
General features	97	(2)
Physical forms of synthesis media	99	(5)
Initiation processes	104	(2)
The growth and termination of chains	106	(8)
The control of chain growth	114	(5)
`Living' radical addition polymerization	119	(2)
Generation of side chains	121	(2)
Concluding remarks	123	(4)
Exercises	123	(4)
Addition polymerization via ionic and coordination mechanisms	127	(17)
General features of ionic polymerization	127	(2)
Cationic polymerization	129	(3)
Anionic polymerization	132	(2)
Coordination polymerization	134	(10)
Exercises	140	(4)
Properties of common polymers in bulk	144	(26)
Crystallinity	144	(2)
Variation of glass transitions temperature (Tg)	146	(6)
Drawn thermoplastics	152	(2)
Elastomers	154	(6)
Unsaturated polyester resins	160	(1)
Polymer degradation and recycling	161	(5)
Biodegradable polymers	166	(4)
Exercises	167	(3)
Some speciality polymers	170	(24)
High-temperature polymers	170	(5)
Polycarbonate	175	(1)
Liquid crystal polymers	176	(7)
Ionomers and polymeric solid electrolytes	183	(4)
Special molecular shapes	187	(7)
Exercises	190	(4)
Looking to the future	194	(16)
Polymer blends	194	(5)
Interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs)	199	(4)
Micro- and nano-structures	203	(1)
Membranes	204	(2)
Microcellular and foamed polymers	206	(2)
Fire-resistant polymers	208	(1)
Concluding remarks	209	(1)
Further reading	210	(5)
Index	215