Introductory Maternity and Pediatric Nursing

by Klossner, N. Jayne; Hatfield, Nancy

• ISBN13: 9780781736909
• ISBN10: 0781736900
• Edition: CD
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2005-01-28
• Publisher: LWW

Summary

This brand-new, full-color textbook presents both maternity and pediatric nursing at an appropriate level for LPN/LVN students. The text uses a nursing process framework and emphasizes the LPN's specific role. Throughout the text are features that help students develop critical thinking skills and apply content to practice--such as nursing procedures, nursing care plans, clinical pearls, patients' and caregivers' stories, critical thinking questions, cultural snapshots, family teaching tips, and over 500 illustrations. Each chapter is followed by an integrated study guide/workbook with NCLEX(R)-style questions, Critical Thinking: What Would You Do? scenarios including dosage calculations, and Study Activities including Internet activities.

Table of Contents

UNIT 1 Overview of Maternal and Pediatric Nursing Care	1	(44)
The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal--Child Health Care Environment	3	(22)
Changing Concepts in Maternal--Child Health Care	4	(3)
Development of Maternity Care	4	(1)
Development of Pediatric Care	5	(2)
Current Trends in Maternal--Child Health Care	7	(4)
Family-Centered Care	7	(1)
Regionalized Care	7	(1)
Advances in Research	8	(1)
Bioethical Issues	8	(1)
Demographic Trends	9	(1)
Poverty	9	(1)
Cost Containment	9	(2)
Payment for Health Services	11	(2)
Private Insurance	11	(1)
Federally Funded Services	12	(1)
Specialized Services	12	(1)
Maternal--Child Health Today	13	(6)
Maternal--Infant Health Status	14	(1)
Child and Adolescent Health Status	15	(1)
Addressing Maternal--Child Health Status	16	(3)
The Nurse's Changing Role in Maternal--Child Health Care	19	(1)
Critical Thinking	20	(1)
The Nursing Process	20	(2)
Assessment	20	(1)
Nursing Diagnosis	21	(1)
Outcome Identification and Planning	21	(1)
Implementation	21	(1)
Evaluation	21	(1)
Documentation	22	(3)
Family-Centered and Community-Based Maternal and Pediatric Nursing	25	(20)
The Family as a Social Unit	26	(5)
Family Function	26	(1)
Family Structure	27	(2)
Family Factors That Influence Childbearing and Child Rearing	29	(2)
Health Care Shift: From Hospital to Community	31	(14)
Community-Based Nursing	31	(1)
Community Care Settings for the Maternity Client	32	(2)
Community Care Settings for the Child	34	(3)
Skills of the Community-Based Nurse	37	(1)
The Challenge of Community-Based Nursing	38	(7)
UNIT 2 Foundations of Maternity Nursing	45	(56)
Structure and Function of the Reproductive System	47	(17)
Male Reproductive System	48	(5)
External Genitalia	48	(2)
Internal Reproductive Organs	50	(3)
Female Reproductive System	53	(5)
External Genitalia (Vulva)	53	(2)
Internal Reproductive Organs	55	(2)
Blood Supply for the Pelvic Organs	57	(1)
Reproductive Function	58	(3)
Puberty	58	(1)
Menstruation	59	(1)
Menstrual cycle	59	(1)
Cervical Mucus Changes	60	(1)
Menopause	61	(1)
Sexual Response Cycle	61	(3)
Special Issues of Reproduction and Women's Health Care	64	(37)
Women's Health Issues	65	(1)
Health Screening for Women	65	(2)
Breast Cancer Screening	65	(1)
Pelvic Examination and Pap Smear	66	(1)
Vulvar Self-Examination	66	(1)
Common Disorders of the Female Reproductive Tract	67	(6)
Menstrual Disturbances	67	(3)
Infectious Disorders	70	(1)
Disorders of the Uterus and Ovaries	71	(1)
Pelvic Support Disorders	72	(1)
Reproductive Life Cycle Issues	73	(1)
Family Planning	73	(12)
Planning Pregnancy	74	(1)
Nursing Care	74	(1)
Preventing Pregnancy	75	(10)
Nursing Process for Assisting the Couple to Choose a Contraceptive Method	85	(3)
Induced Abortion	88	(1)
Infertility	88	(6)
Causes of Infertility	88	(2)
Initial Evaluation of Infertility	90	(1)
Comprehensive Evaluation and Diagnostic Testing	91	(1)
Management of Infertility	92	(1)
Psychological Aspects of Infertility	93	(1)
Nursing Care	93	(1)
Menopause	94	(7)
Clinical Manifestations	94	(1)
Treatment	94	(1)
Nursing Care	95	(6)
UNIT 3 Pregnancy	101	(72)
Fetal Development	103	(19)
Cellular Processes	104	(1)
Types of Cells	104	(1)
Cellular Division	104	(1)
Developmental Stages of Pregnancy	105	(4)
Pre-embryonic Stage	106	(1)
Embryonic Stage	107	(2)
Fetal Stage	109	(1)
Development of Supportive Structures	109	(4)
Fetal Membranes	109	(2)
Amniotic Fluid	111	(1)
Placenta	112	(1)
Umbilical Cord	113	(1)
Fetal and Placental Circulation	113	(1)
Fetal Circulation	113	(1)
Placental Circulation	114	(1)
Special Considerations of Fetal Development	114	(8)
Teratogens and the Fetus	114	(3)
Ectopic Pregnancy	117	(1)
Multifetal Pregnancy	117	(5)
Maternal Adaptation During Pregnancy	122	(18)
Signs of Pregnancy	123	(1)
Presumptive (Possible) Signs	123	(1)
Probable Signs	123	(1)
Positive Signs	124	(1)
Physiologic Adaptation to Pregnancy	124	(5)
Reproductive Changes	124	(2)
Endocrine Changes	126	(1)
Hematologic Changes	126	(1)
Cardiovascular Changes	127	(1)
Respiratory Changes	127	(1)
Musculoskeletal Changes	127	(1)
Gastrointestinal Changes	128	(1)
Urinary Changes	128	(1)
Integumentary Changes	129	(1)
Psychological Adaptation to Pregnancy	129	(2)
First Trimester Task: Accept the Pregnancy	129	(1)
Second Trimester Task: Accept the Baby	130	(1)
Third Trimester Task: Prepare for Parenthood	130	(1)
Changing Nutritional Requirements of Pregnancy	131	(9)
Energy Requirements and Weight Gain	131	(1)
Protein Requirements	131	(1)
Mineral Requirements	131	(4)
Vitamin Requirements	135	(1)
Dietary Supplementation During Pregnancy	135	(1)
Special Nutritional Considerations	136	(4)
Prenatal Care	140	(33)
Assessment of Maternal Well-Being During Pregnancy	141	(5)
First Prenatal Visit	141	(4)
Subsequent Prenatal Visits	145	(1)
Assessment of Fetal Well-Being During Pregnancy	146	(6)
Fetal Kick Counts	146	(1)
Ultrasonography	146	(2)
Doppler Flow Studies	148	(1)
Maternal Serum Alpha-fetoprotein Screening	148	(1)
Triple-Marker (or Multiple-Marker) Screening	148	(1)
Amniocentesis	148	(1)
Chorionic Villus Sampling	149	(1)
Percutaneous Umbilical Blood Sampling	150	(1)
Nonstress Test	150	(1)
Vibroacoustic Stimulation	151	(1)
Contraction Stress Test	151	(1)
Biophysical Profile	151	(1)
The Nursing Process for Prenatal Care	152	(21)
UNIT 4 Labor and Birth	173	(102)
Labor Process	175	(19)
The Four Essential Components of Labor	176	(7)
Passageway	176	(2)
Passenger	178	(4)
Powers	182	(1)
Psyche	183	(1)
The Process of Labor	183	(5)
The Onset of Labor	183	(2)
Mechanisms of a Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery	185	(2)
Stages and Duration of Labor	187	(1)
Maternal and Fetal Adaptation to Labor	188	(6)
Maternal Physiologic Adaptation	188	(1)
Maternal Psychological Adaptation	189	(1)
Fetal Adaptation to Labor	189	(5)
Pain Management During Labor and Birth	194	(19)
The Pain of Labor and Childbirth	195	(1)
Uniqueness of Labor and Birth Pain	195	(1)
Physiology and Characteristics of Labor Pain	195	(1)
Factors Influencing Labor Pain	195	(1)
Principles of Pain Relief During Labor	196	(1)
Pain Management Techniques	196	(17)
Nonpharmacologic Interventions	196	(5)
Pharmacologic Interventions	201	(12)
Nursing Care During Labor and Birth	213	(40)
The Nurse's Role During Admission	214	(1)
Immediate Assessments	214	(2)
Birth Imminence	214	(1)
Fetal Status	215	(1)
Risk Assessment	216	(1)
Maternal Status	216	(1)
Additional Assessments	216	(4)
Maternal Health History and Physical Assessment	216	(1)
Labor Status	216	(4)
Labor and Birth Preferences	220	(1)
Performing Routine Admission Orders	220	(1)
The Nurse's Role: Ongoing Assessment of Uterine Contractions and FHR	221	(1)
Monitoring Uterine Contractions	221	(1)
External Methods	221	(1)
Internal Method	221	(1)
Monitoring FHR	221	(9)
Intermittent Auscultation of FHR	223	(1)
Continuous EFM	223	(2)
Evaluating FHR Patterns	225	(4)
Measures Used to Clarify Nonreassuring FHR Patterns	229	(1)
The Nurse's Role During Each Stage of Labor	230	(1)
The Nursing Process During the First Stage of Labor (Dilation)	230	(8)
The Nursing Process During the Second Stage of Labor: Expulsion of the Fetus	238	(5)
The Nursing Process During the Third Stage of Labor: Delivery of Placenta	243	(3)
The Nursing Process During the Fourth Stage of Labor	246	(7)
Assisted Delivery and Cesarean Birth	253	(22)
Version	254	(1)
External Version	254	(1)
Internal Version	254	(1)
Induction of Labor	255	(3)
Indications	255	(1)
Contraindications	255	(1)
Labor Readiness	255	(1)
Cervical Ripening	256	(1)
Artificial Rupture of Membranes	257	(1)
Oxytocin Induction	257	(1)
Nursing Care	257	(1)
Amnioinfusion	258	(1)
Contraindications and Possible Complications	258	(1)
Nursing Care	258	(1)
Assisted Delivery	258	(3)
Episiotomy	258	(1)
Vacuum-Assisted Delivery	259	(1)
Forceps-Assisted Delivery	260	(1)
Nursing Care	260	(1)
Cesarean Birth	261	(9)
Indications	261	(1)
Incidence	261	(1)
Risks	261	(1)
Incision Types	262	(1)
Steps of a Cesarean Delivery	263	(3)
Nursing Care	266	(4)
Vaginal Birth After Cesarean	270	(5)
Prerequisites	270	(1)
Contraindications	270	(1)
Procedure	270	(1)
Nursing Care	270	(5)
UNIT 5 Postpartum and Newborn	275	(94)
The Postpartum Woman	277	(26)
Maternal Adaptation During the Postpartum Period	278	(6)
Physiologic Adaptation	278	(4)
Psychological Adaptation	282	(2)
Nursing Process for the Early Postpartum Period	284	(8)
Nursing Process for Postpartum Care After Cesarean Birth	292	(3)
Nursing Process for Preparing the Postpartum Woman for Discharge	295	(8)
Nursing Assessment of Newborn Transition	303	(20)
Physiologic Adaptation	304	(3)
Respiratory Adaptation	304	(1)
Cardiovascular Adaptation	305	(1)
Thermoregulatory Adaptation	305	(1)
Metabolic Adaptation	306	(1)
Hepatic Adaptation	306	(1)
Behavioral and Social Adaptation	307	(1)
Nursing Assessment of the Normal Newborn	307	(16)
General Body Proportions and Posture	308	(1)
Vital Signs	308	(1)
Physical Measurements	308	(2)
Head-to-Toe Assessment	310	(7)
Neurologic Assessment	317	(2)
Behavioral Assessment	319	(1)
Gestational Age Assessment	319	(4)
Newborn Nutrition	323	(20)
Choosing a Feeding Method	324	(1)
Culture	324	(1)
Age and Education	324	(1)
Past Experience	324	(1)
Intent to Return to Work or School	324	(1)
Breast-feeding	325	(9)
Advantages and Disadvantages of Breast-feeding	325	(1)
Physiology of Breast-feeding	326	(1)
Composition of Breast Milk	327	(1)
Nutritional Needs of the Breast-feeding Woman	327	(1)
Nursing Care of the Breast-feeding Woman	328	(6)
Formula Feeding	334	(9)
Advantages and Disadvantages of Formula Feeding	334	(1)
Composition of Formula	335	(1)
Nursing Care of the Formula Feeding Woman	335	(8)
The Normal Newborn	343	(26)
The Nursing Process in Immediate Stabilization and Transition of the Newborn	344	(7)
The Nursing Process in Providing Care to the Normal Newborn	351	(5)
The Nursing Process in Preparing the Newborn for Discharge	356	(13)
UNIT 6 Childbearing at Risk	369	(182)
Pregnancy at Risk: Conditions That Complicate Pregnancy	371	(35)
Pregnancy Complicated by Medical Conditions	372	(4)
Diabetes Mellitus	372	(4)
Nursing Process for the Pregnant Woman With DM	376	(16)
Cardiovascular Disease	379	(2)
Anemia	381	(2)
Asthma	383	(1)
Epilepsy	384	(1)
Infectious Diseases	385	(7)
Nursing Process for the Pregnant Woman With an STI	392	(2)
Pregnancy Complicated by Intimate Partner Violence	394	(4)
Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis	395	(1)
Treatment	396	(1)
Nursing Care	397	(1)
Pregnancy Complicated by Age-Related Concerns	398	(8)
Adolescent Pregnancy	398	(2)
Pregnancy in Later Life	400	(6)
Pregnancy at Risk: Pregnancy-Related Complications	406	(30)
Hyperemesis Gravidarum	407	(1)
Clinical Presentation	407	(1)
Treatment	407	(1)
Nursing Care	408	(1)
Bleeding Disorders	408	(10)
Ectopic Pregnancy	408	(2)
Early Pregnancy Loss	410	(3)
Incompetent Cervix	413	(1)
Hydatidiform Mole	413	(2)
Placenta Previa	415	(1)
Abruptio Placentae	416	(2)
Nursing Process for the Woman With a Bleeding Disorder	418	(2)
Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy	420	(9)
Gestational Hypertension	420	(1)
Preeclampsia/Eclampsia	420	(8)
Chronic Hypertension and Preeclampsia Superimposed on Chronic Hypertension	428	(1)
Multiple Gestation	429	(1)
Clinical Presentation	430	(1)
Treatment	430	(1)
Nursing Care	430	(1)
Blood Incompatibilities	430	(6)
Rh Incompatibility	430	(1)
ABO Incompatibility	431	(5)
Labor at Risk	436	(18)
Dysfunctional Labor (Dystocia)	437	(2)
Complications	437	(1)
Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis	437	(1)
Causes of Labor Dysfunction	437	(1)
Treatment	438	(1)
Nursing Care	439	(1)
Premature Rupture of Membranes	439	(2)
Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis	440	(1)
Treatment	440	(1)
Nursing Care	440	(1)
Preterm Labor	441	(2)
Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis	441	(1)
Treatment	441	(2)
Nursing Process for the Woman With Preterm Labor	443	(1)
Post-term Pregnancy and Labor	444	(1)
Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis	444	(1)
Treatment	445	(1)
Nursing Care	445	(1)
Intrauterine Fetal Death	445	(1)
Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis	445	(1)
Treatment	445	(1)
Nursing Care	445	(1)
Emergencies Associated With Labor and Birth	446	(8)
Amniotic Fluid Embolism	446	(1)
Shoulder Dystocia	446	(2)
Umbilical Cord Prolapse	448	(1)
Uterine Rupture	448	(2)
Placental and Umbilical Cord Abnormalities	450	(4)
Postpartum Woman At Risk	454	(28)
Postpartum Hemorrhage	455	(2)
Early Postpartum Hemorrhage	455	(2)
Nursing Process for the Woman With Early Postpartum Hemorrhage	457	(5)
Late Postpartum Hemorrhage	461	(1)
Postpartum Infection	462	(9)
Endometritis	462	(2)
Wound Infection	464	(1)
Mastitis	465	(1)
Urinary Tract Infection	466	(5)
Thromboembolic Disorders	471	(3)
Risk Factors	471	(1)
Superficial and Deep Vein Thrombophlebitis	471	(1)
Pulmonary Embolism	472	(2)
Postpartum Psychiatric Disorders	474	(2)
Postpartum Depression	474	(1)
Postpartum Psychosis	475	(1)
Special Postpartum Situations	476	(6)
Grief in the Postpartal Period	476	(1)
Malattachment in the Postpartal Period	477	(5)
The Newborn at Risk: Gestational and Acquired Disorders	482	(30)
Variations in Size and Gestational Age	483	(1)
Gestational Age Assessment	483	(1)
Physical Maturity	483	(1)
Neuromuscular Maturity	483	(1)
The Small-for-Gestational-Age Newborn	484	(3)
Contributing Factors	486	(1)
Characteristics of the SGA Newborn	486	(1)
Potential Complications	486	(1)
Nursing Care	487	(1)
The Large-for-Gestational Age Newborn	487	(1)
Contributing Factors	487	(1)
Characteristics of the LGA Newborn	488	(1)
Potential Complications	488	(1)
Nursing Care	488	(1)
The Preterm Newborn	488	(4)
Contributing Factors	489	(1)
Characteristics of the Preterm Newborn	489	(1)
Complications of the Preterm Newborn	489	(3)
Nursing Process for the Preterm Newborn	492	(7)
The Post-term Newborn	499	(1)
Contributing Factors	499	(1)
Characteristics of the Post-term Newborn	499	(1)
Potential Complications	499	(1)
Nursing Care	500	(1)
Acquired Disorders	500	(1)
Respiratory Disorders	500	(3)
Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn	500	(1)
Meconium Aspiration Syndrome	501	(1)
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome	501	(2)
Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn	503	(2)
Rh Incompatibility	503	(1)
ABO Incompatibility	503	(1)
Prevention	503	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	503	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	504	(1)
Newborn of a Diabetic Mother	505	(1)
Newborn of a Chemically Dependent Mother	506	(1)
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome	506	(1)
Newborn With Withdrawal Symptoms	506	(1)
Newborn With a Congenitally Acquired Infection	507	(5)
The Newborn At Risk: Congenital Disorders	512	(39)
Congenital Malformations	513	(2)
Cleft Lip and Palate	514	(1)
Nursing Process in Caring for the Newborn With Cleft Lip and Palate	515	(10)
Esophageal Atresia	520	(1)
Imperforate Anus	521	(1)
Hernias	521	(2)
Spina Bifida	523	(2)
Nursing Process in Caring for the Newborn With Myelomeningocele	525	(3)
Hydrocephalus	526	(2)
Nursing Process in Caring for the Postoperative Newborn With Hydrocephalus	528	(10)
Development of the Heart	530	(1)
Common Types of Congenital Heart Defects	530	(4)
Risk Factors	534	(1)
Clinical Presentation	534	(1)
Treatment and the Nurse's Role	535	(1)
Congenital Talipes Equinovarus	536	(1)
Congenital Hip Dysplasia	537	(1)
Nursing Process in Caring for the Newborn in an Orthopedic Device or Cast	538	(5)
Hypospadias and Epispadias	540	(1)
Exstrophy of the Bladder	540	(3)
Ambiguous Genitalia	543	(1)
Inborn Errors of Metabolism	543	(2)
Phenylketonuria	543	(1)
Galactosemia	544	(1)
Congenital Hypothyroidism	544	(1)
Maple Syrup Urine Disease	545	(1)
Chromosomal Abnormalities	545	(6)
Down Syndrome	545	(1)
Turner Syndrome	546	(1)
Klinefelter Syndrome	547	(4)
UNIT 7 Health Promotion for Normal Growth and Development	551	(112)
Principles of Growth and Development	553	(18)
Principles of Growth and Development	554	(1)
Foundations of growth and development	554	(1)
Factors related to growth and development	554	(1)
Influences on Growth and Development	555	(5)
Genetics	555	(1)
Nutrition	556	(1)
Environment	557	(3)
The Nurse's Role Related to Growth and Development	560	(1)
Theories of Child Development	561	(10)
Sigmund Freud	561	(2)
Erik Erikson	563	(2)
Jean Piaget	565	(1)
Lawrence Kohlberg	565	(1)
Other Theorists	566	(5)
Growth and Development of the Infant: 28 Days to 1 Year	571	(21)
Physical Development	572	(2)
Head and Skull	572	(1)
Skeletal Growth and Maturation	573	(1)
Eruption of Deciduous Teeth	573	(1)
Circulatory System	573	(1)
Body Temperature and Respiratory Rate	574	(1)
Neuromuscular Development	574	(1)
Psychosocial Development	574	(4)
Nutrition	578	(4)
Addition of Solid Foods	579	(3)
Weaning the Infant	582	(1)
Women, Infants, and Children Food Program	582	(1)
Health Promotion and Maintenance	582	(5)
Routine Checkups	582	(1)
Immunizations	583	(1)
Family Teaching	584	(2)
Accident Prevention	586	(1)
The Infant in the Health Care Facility	587	(5)
Parent-Nurse Relationship	588	(4)
Growth and Development of the Toddler: 1 to 3 Years	592	(19)
Physical Development	593	(1)
Psychosocial Development	594	(4)
Behavioral Characteristics	594	(2)
Play	596	(1)
Discipline	596	(1)
Sharing With a New Baby	597	(1)
Nutrition	598	(1)
Health Promotion and Maintenance	598	(7)
Routine Checkups	599	(1)
Family Teaching	599	(4)
Accident Prevention	603	(2)
The Toddler in the Health Care Facility	605	(6)
Special Considerations	606	(5)
Growth and Development of the Preschool Child: 3 to 6 Years	611	(15)
Physical Development	612	(2)
Growth Rate	612	(1)
Dentition	612	(1)
Visual Development	612	(1)
Skeletal Growth	613	(1)
Psychosocial Development	614	(4)
Language Development	614	(1)
Development of Imagination	614	(1)
Sexual Development	615	(1)
Social Development	616	(2)
Nutrition	618	(1)
Health Promotion and Maintenance	619	(3)
Routine Checkups	619	(1)
Family Teaching	619	(1)
Accident Prevention	620	(1)
Infection Prevention	621	(1)
The Preschooler in the Health Care Facility	622	(4)
Growth and Development of the School-Age Child: 6 to 10 Years	626	(17)
Physical Development	627	(1)
Growth	627	(1)
Dentition	627	(1)
Skeletal Growth	627	(1)
Psychosocial Development	628	(4)
The Child From Ages 6 to 7 Years	630	(1)
The Child From Ages 7 to 10 Years	630	(2)
Nutrition	632	(1)
Health Promotion and Maintenance	633	(4)
Routine Checkups	633	(1)
Family Teaching	633	(2)
Health Education	635	(1)
Accident Prevention	636	(1)
The School-Age Child in the Health Care Facility	637	(6)
Growth and Development of the Adolescent: 11 to 18 Years	643	(20)
Preadolescent Development	644	(2)
Physical Development	644	(1)
Preparation for Adolescence	645	(1)
Adolescent Development	646	(2)
Physical Development	646	(1)
Psychosocial Development	646	(1)
Personality Development	646	(2)
Body Image	648	(1)
Nutrition	648	(3)
Ethnic and Cultural Influences	649	(2)
Health Promotion and Maintenance	651	(7)
Routine Checkups	651	(1)
Family Teaching	652	(1)
Health Education and Counseling	652	(5)
Accident Prevention	657	(1)
The Adolescent in the Health Care Facility	658	(5)
UNIT 8 Foundations of Pediatric Health Care	663	(110)
Assessment of the Child (Data Collection)	665	(21)
Collecting Subjective Data	666	(5)
Conducting the Client Interview	666	(1)
Obtaining a Client History	667	(4)
Collecting Objective Data	671	(15)
General Status	671	(2)
Measuring Height and Weight	673	(1)
Measuring Head Circumference	674	(1)
Vital Signs	674	(4)
Providing a Physical Examination	678	(4)
Assisting With Common Diagnostic Tests	682	(4)
Care of the Hospitalized Child	686	(20)
The Pediatric Hospital Setting	687	(5)
Early Childhood Education About Hospitals	687	(1)
The Pediatric Unit Atmosphere	688	(1)
Pediatric Intensive Care Units	689	(1)
Infection Control in the Pediatric Setting	689	(2)
Importance of Caregiver Participation	691	(1)
Admission and Discharge Planning	692	(2)
Planned Admissions	692	(1)
Emergency Admissions	693	(1)
The Admission Interview	693	(1)
The Admission Physical Examination	693	(1)
Discharge Planning	693	(1)
The Child Undergoing Surgery	694	(5)
Preoperative Care	694	(2)
Postoperative Care	696	(3)
The Hospital Play Program	699	(2)
The Hospital Play Environment	699	(1)
Therapeutic Play	700	(1)
Play Material	700	(1)
Safety	701	(5)
Procedures and Treatments	706	(18)
Nurse's Role in Preparation and Follow-up	707	(1)
Preparation for Procedures	707	(1)
Follow-up for Procedures	708	(1)
Performing Procedures Related to Position	708	(3)
Restraints	708	(2)
Transporting	710	(1)
Holding	710	(1)
Sleeping	710	(1)
Performing Procedures Related to Elevated Body Temperature	711	(1)
Control of Environmental Factors	711	(1)
Cooling Devices	711	(1)
Performing Procedures Related to Feeding and Nutrition	711	(3)
Intake and Output	711	(1)
Gavage Feeding	711	(2)
Gastrostomy Feeding	713	(1)
Performing Procedures Related to Respiration	714	(1)
Oxygen Administration	714	(1)
Nasal/Oral Suctioning	715	(1)
Tracheostomy	715	(1)
Performing Procedures Related to Circulation	715	(1)
Heat Therapy	715	(1)
Cold Therapy	716	(1)
Performing Procedures Related to Elimination	716	(1)
Enema	716	(1)
Ostomies	716	(1)
Performing Procedures for Specimen Collection	716	(2)
Nose and Throat Specimen	717	(1)
Urine Specimens	717	(1)
Stool Specimens	718	(1)
Assisting With Procedures Related to Collection of Blood and Spinal Fluid	718	(1)
Blood Collection	718	(1)
Lumbar Puncture	719	(1)
Assisting With Procedures Related to Diagnostic Tests and Studies	719	(5)
Medication Administration and Intravenous Therapy	724	(17)
Medication Administration	725	(8)
Computing Dosages	727	(2)
Oral Medication	729	(1)
Intramuscular Medication	729	(1)
Other Routes of Medication Administration	729	(4)
Intravenous Therapy	733	(8)
Fundamentals of Fluid Balance	733	(2)
Intravenous Fluid Administration	735	(1)
Intravenous Medication	735	(1)
Intravenous Sites	735	(1)
Infusion Control	736	(5)
The Child With a Chronic Health Problem	741	(13)
Common Problems in Chronic Illness	742	(1)
Effects of Chronic Illness on the Family	742	(3)
Parents and Chronic Illness	742	(1)
The Child and Chronic Illness	743	(1)
Siblings and Chronic Illness	744	(1)
Nursing Process in Caring for a Child With a Chronic Illness	745	(9)
The Dying Child	754	(19)
The Nurse's Reaction to Death and Dying	755	(1)
The Child's Understanding of Death	756	(4)
Developmental Stage	756	(2)
Experience With Death and Loss	758	(1)
Awareness of Impending Death	759	(1)
The Family's Reaction to Dying and Death	760	(4)
Family Caregivers	761	(1)
The Child	762	(1)
Siblings	763	(1)
Settings for Care of the Dying Child	764	(1)
Hospice Care	764	(1)
Home Care	764	(1)
Hospital Care	764	(1)
Nursing Process for the Dying Child	765	(8)
UNIT 9 The Child with a Major Illness	773	(246)
The Child With Sensory/Neurologic Disorders	775	(34)
Growth and Development of the Eyes, Ears, and Nervous System	776	(1)
The Nervous System	776	(1)
Sensory Organs	776	(1)
Vision Impairment	777	(2)
Types of Vision Impairment	777	(1)
Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis	777	(2)
Treatment and Education	779	(1)
Nursing Care for the Visually Impaired Child	779	(1)
Eye Conditions	779	(3)
Cataracts	779	(1)
Glaucoma	779	(1)
Strabismus	780	(1)
Eye Injury and Foreign Objects in the Eye	780	(1)
Eye Infections	781	(1)
Nursing Care for the Child Undergoing Eye Surgery	781	(1)
Hearing Impairment	782	(2)
Types of Hearing Impairment	782	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	782	(1)
Diagnosis	782	(1)
Treatment and Education	783	(1)
Nursing Care for the Deaf Child	784	(1)
Otitis Media	784	(2)
Clinical Manifestations	784	(1)
Diagnosis	784	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	785	(1)
Insertion of Foreign Bodies Into the Ear or Nose	786	(1)
Reye Syndrome	786	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	786	(1)
Diagnosis	786	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	786	(1)
Haemophilus influenzae Meningitis	787	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	787	(1)
Diagnosis	787	(1)
Treatment	787	(1)
Nursing Process for the Child With Meningitis	788	(2)
Acute or Nonrecurrent Seizures	790	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	790	(1)
Diagnosis	790	(1)
Treatment	790	(1)
Nursing Process for the Child at Risk for Seizures	790	(1)
Seizure Disorders	791	(3)
Clinical Manifestations	791	(1)
Diagnosis	791	(1)
Treatment	792	(2)
Nursing Care	794	(1)
Cerebral Palsy	794	(4)
Causes	795	(1)
Prevention	795	(1)
Clinical Manifestations and Types	795	(1)
Diagnosis	796	(1)
Treatment and Special Aids	796	(1)
Nursing Care	797	(1)
Mental Retardation	798	(2)
Causes	798	(1)
Clinical Manifestations of the Mentally Retarded Child	799	(1)
Treatment and Education	799	(1)
Nursing Process for the Child With Cognitive Impairment	800	(3)
Head Injuries	803	(2)
Drowning	805	(4)
Respiratory System Disorders	809	(31)
Growth and Development of the Respiratory System	810	(1)
Acute Nasopharyngitis (Common Cold)	810	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	811	(1)
Diagnosis	811	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	811	(1)
Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever)	811	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	811	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	812	(1)
Tonsillitis and Adenoiditis	812	(1)
Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis	812	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	812	(1)
Nursing Process for the Child Having a Tonsillectomy	812	(2)
Croup Syndromes	814	(1)
Spasmodic Laryngitis	814	(1)
Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis	814	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	814	(1)
Acute Laryngotracheobronchitis	814	(1)
Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis	815	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	815	(1)
Epiglottitis	815	(1)
Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis	815	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	815	(1)
Acute Bronchiolitis/Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection	816	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	816	(1)
Diagnosis	816	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	816	(1)
Asthma	816	(5)
Clinical Manifestations	817	(1)
Diagnosis	817	(1)
Treatment	817	(4)
Nursing Process for the Child With Asthma	821	(2)
Bacterial Pneumonia	823	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	824	(1)
Diagnosis	824	(1)
Treatment	824	(1)
Nursing Process for the Child With Pneumonia	824	(5)
Cystic Fibrosis	829	(4)
Clinical Manifestations	829	(1)
Diagnosis	830	(1)
Treatment	830	(3)
Nursing Process for the Child With Cystic Fibrosis	833	(2)
Pulmonary Tuberculosis	835	(5)
Clinical Manifestations	835	(1)
Diagnosis	835	(1)
Treatment	836	(1)
Prevention	836	(4)
The Child With Cardiovascular/Hematologic Disorders	840	(26)
Anatomy and Physiology of the Cardiovascular and Hematologic System	841	(1)
Differences Between the Child's and Adult's Cardiovascular and Hematologic Systems	841	(1)
Congestive Heart Failure	842	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	842	(1)
Diagnosis	842	(1)
Treatment	842	(1)
Nursing Process for the Child With Congestive Heart Failure	843	(1)
Rheumatic Fever	844	(2)
Clinical Manifestations	844	(1)
Diagnosis	844	(1)
Treatment	844	(2)
Prevention	846	(1)
Nursing Process for the Child With Rheumatic Fever	846	(2)
Kawasaki Disease	848	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	848	(1)
Diagnosis	848	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	849	(1)
Iron Deficiency Anemia	849	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	849	(1)
Diagnosis	849	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	849	(1)
Sickle Cell Disease	850	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	850	(1)
Diagnosis	851	(1)
Treatment	851	(1)
Nursing Process for the Child With Sickle Cell Crisis	851	(2)
Thalassemia	853	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	853	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	853	(1)
Hemophilia	853	(2)
Mechanism of Clot Formation	853	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	854	(1)
Diagnosis	854	(1)
Common Types of Hemophilia	854	(1)
Treatment	854	(1)
Nursing Process for the Child With Hemophilia	855	(3)
Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura	858	(1)
Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis	858	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	858	(1)
Acute Leukemia	858	(1)
Pathophysiology	858	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	858	(1)
Diagnosis	858	(1)
Treatment	859	(1)
Nursing Process for the Child With Leukemia	859	(7)
The Child With Gastrointestinal/Endocrine Disorders	866	(44)
Growth and Development of the Gastrointestinal and Endocrine Systems	867	(1)
Gastrointestinal System	868	(1)
Endocrine System and Hormonal Function	868	(1)
Gastrointestinal Disorders	868	(1)
Pyloric Stenosis	868	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	869	(1)
Diagnosis	869	(1)
Treatment	869	(1)
Nursing Process for the Child With Pyloric Stenosis	869	(3)
Celiac Syndrome	872	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	872	(1)
Diagnosis and Treatment	872	(1)
Nursing Care	873	(1)
Congenital Aganglionic Megacolon	873	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	873	(1)
Diagnosis	874	(1)
Treatment	874	(1)
Nursing Process for the Child Undergoing Surgery for Congenital Aganglionic Megacolon	874	(2)
Intussusception	876	(2)
Clinical Manifestations	877	(1)
Diagnosis	877	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	877	(1)
Gastroesophageal Reflux	878	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	878	(1)
Diagnosis and Treatment	878	(1)
Nursing Care	878	(1)
Diarrhea and Gastroenteritis	878	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	878	(1)
Diagnosis	879	(1)
Treatment	879	(1)
Nursing Process for the Child With Diarrhea and Gastroenteritis	879	(3)
Colic	882	(1)
Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis	882	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	883	(1)
Appendicitis	883	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	883	(1)
Treatment	883	(1)
Nursing Process for the Child With Appendicitis	883	(2)
Malnutrition and Nutritional Problems	885	(2)
Protein Malnutrition	885	(1)
Vitamin Deficiency Diseases	886	(1)
Mineral Insufficiencies	886	(1)
Food Allergies	886	(1)
Nursing Process for the Child With Nutritional Problems	887	(2)
Enterobiasis (Pinworm Infection)	889	(1)
Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis	889	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	890	(1)
Roundworms	890	(1)
Hookworms	890	(1)
Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis	890	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	890	(1)
Giardiasis	891	(1)
Clinical Manifestations and Treatment	891	(1)
Nursing Care	891	(1)
Ingestion of Toxic Substances	891	(1)
Emergency Treatment	892	(1)
Lead Poisoning (Plumbism)	892	(3)
Sources of Chronic Lead Poisoning	892	(2)
Clinical Manifestations	894	(1)
Diagnosis	894	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	894	(1)
Prognosis	894	(1)
Ingestion of Foreign Objects	895	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	895	(1)
Endocrine Disorders	895	(1)
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus	895	(4)
Pathogenesis	896	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	896	(1)
Diagnosis	897	(1)
Treatment	897	(2)
Nursing Process for the Child With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus	899	(11)
The Child With Genitourinary Disorders	910	(15)
Growth and Development of the Genitourinary System	911	(1)
Urinary Tract Infections	911	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	912	(1)
Diagnosis	912	(1)
Treatment	912	(1)
Nursing Process for the Child With a Urinary Tract Infection	912	(1)
Enuresis	913	(1)
Nephrotic Syndrome	914	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	914	(1)
Diagnosis	915	(1)
Treatment	915	(1)
Nursing Process for the Child With Nephrotic Syndrome	915	(3)
Acute Glomerulonephritis	918	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	918	(1)
Treatment	918	(1)
Nursing Care	918	(1)
Wilms' Tumor (Nephroblastoma)	919	(1)
Hydrocele	919	(1)
Cryptorchidism	919	(1)
Menstrual Disorders	919	(2)
Premenstrual Syndrome	919	(1)
Dysmenorrhea	920	(1)
Amenorrhea	920	(1)
Vaginitis	921	(4)
The Child With Musculoskeletal Disorders	925	(20)
Growth and Development of the Musculoskeletal System	926	(1)
Fractures	926	(7)
Treatment and Nursing Care	926	(7)
Osteomyelitis	933	(1)
Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis	933	(1)
Treatment	933	(1)
Nursing Care	934	(1)
Muscular Dystrophy	934	(1)
Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis	934	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	935	(1)
Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease (Coxa Plana)	935	(1)
Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis	935	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	935	(1)
Osteosarcoma	936	(1)
Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis	936	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	936	(1)
Ewing's Sarcoma	936	(1)
Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis	936	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	936	(1)
Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis	936	(2)
Clinical Manifestations	936	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	936	(2)
Scoliosis	938	(2)
Diagnosis	938	(1)
Treatment	939	(1)
Nursing Process for the Child With Scoliosis Requiring a Brace	940	(5)
The Child With Integumentary Disorders/Communicable Diseases	945	(41)
Growth and Development of the Integumentary and Immune System	946	(1)
Seborrheic Dermatitis	947	(1)
Miliaria Rubra	947	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	947	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	947	(1)
Diaper Rash	947	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	947	(1)
Candidiasis	948	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	948	(1)
Impetigo	948	(1)
Nursing Care	948	(1)
Acne Vulgaris	949	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	949	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	949	(1)
Fungal Infections	950	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	950	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	950	(1)
Parasitic Infections	951	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	951	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	951	(1)
Scabies	952	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	952	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	952	(1)
Allergic Disorders	952	(2)
Clinical Manifestations	953	(1)
Diagnosis	953	(1)
Treatment	954	(1)
Nursing Process for the Child With Eczema	954	(2)
Skin Allergies	956	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	956	(1)
Treatment	956	(1)
Bites	956	(1)
Burns	957	(6)
Types of Burns	958	(1)
Emergency Treatment	959	(1)
Treatment of Moderate to Severe Burns: First Phase---48 to 72 Hours	960	(3)
Complications	963	(1)
Long-term Care	963	(1)
Nursing Process for the Child With a Burn	963	(5)
Sexually Transmitted Diseases	968	(4)
Clinical Manifestations	970	(1)
Treatment	971	(1)
Nursing Process for the Child With AIDS	972	(3)
Infectious Mononucleosis	975	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	976	(1)
Diagnosis	976	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	976	(1)
Communicable Diseases of Childhood	976	(10)
Prevention	980	(1)
Nursing Care	980	(6)
The Child With Psychosocial Disorders	986	(33)
Autism	987	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	987	(1)
Diagnosis	988	(1)
Treatment	988	(1)
Nursing Care	988	(1)
Suicide	988	(2)
Clinical Manifestations	989	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	989	(1)
Substance Abuse	990	(1)
Prevention and Treatment	990	(1)
Alcohol Abuse	990	(2)
Tobacco Abuse	992	(1)
Marijuana Abuse	992	(1)
Cocaine Abuse	992	(1)
Narcotic Abuse	993	(1)
Other Abused Drugs	993	(1)
Parents Addicted to Drugs or Alcohol	994	(1)
Effects on the Family	994	(1)
Children Coping With Parental Addiction	994	(1)
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder	995	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	995	(1)
Diagnosis	996	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	996	(1)
Enuresis and Encopresis	996	(1)
Nonorganic Failure to Thrive	996	(2)
Clinical Manifestations	997	(1)
Diagnosis	997	(1)
Treatment	997	(1)
Nursing Process for the Child With Nonorganic Failure to Thrive	998	(1)
Eating Disorders	999	(1)
Anorexia Nervosa	999	(1)
Characteristics	999	(1)
Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis	999	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	1000	(1)
Bulimia	1000	(1)
Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis	1000	(1)
Treatment	1001	(1)
Nursing Process for the Child With Anorexia Nervosa or Bulimia	1001	(5)
Obesity	1006	(1)
School Phobia	1006	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	1006	(1)
Treatment and Nursing Care	1006	(1)
Child Abuse	1007	(1)
Physical Abuse	1008	(1)
Shaken Baby Syndrome	1009	(1)
Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy	1010	(1)
Emotional Abuse and Neglect	1010	(1)
Sexual Abuse	1011	(1)
Nursing Process for the Child Who Is Abused	1011	(8)
Glossary	1019	(16)
English-Spanish Glossary	1035	(4)
Answers to Workbook Questions	1039	(38)
Appendix A: Standard and Transmission-Based Precautions	1077	(2)
Appendix B: Nanda-Approved Nursing Diagnoses	1079	(3)
Appendix C: JCAHO ``Do Not Use'' List of Abbreviations	1082	(1)
Appendix D: Good Sources of Essential Nutrients	1083	(1)
Appendix E: Breast-feeding and Medication Use	1084	(2)
Appendix F: Cervical Dilation Chart	1086	(1)
Appendix G: Growth Charts	1087	(6)
Appendix H: Pulse, Respiration, and Blood Pressu Values in Children	1093	(1)
Appendix I: Temperature and Weight Conversion Charts	1094	(3)
Appendix J: Communicating With Children and Family Caregivers	1097	(4)
Index	1101