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9781848165144

Introductory Quantum Physics and Relativity

by ;
  • ISBN13:

    9781848165144

  • ISBN10:

    1848165145

  • Format: Hardcover
  • Copyright: 2010-10-29
  • Publisher: Textstream

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Summary

This book is based on the lecture courses taught by Dunningham and Vedral at the University of Leeds. the book contains all the necessary material for quantum physics and relativity in the first two years of a typical physics degree course. the choice of topics complies fully with the Institute of Physics guidelines, but the coverage also includes more interesting and up-to-date applications, such as Bose condensation and quantum teleportation.

Table of Contents

Prefacep. v
Introductionp. 1
Old Quantum Theoryp. 7
Black Body Radiationp. 7
The Photoelectric Effectp. 14
Compton Scatteringp. 16
De Broglie's Hypothesisp. 18
Bohr's Model of the Atomp. 20
Problems with Old Quantum Theoryp. 23
Exercisesp. 25
Quantum Mechanicsp. 27
Schrödinger's Equationp. 28
Born's Postulatep. 30
Time-Independent Schrödinger Equationp. 31
Free Particlep. 33
Observables and Operatorsp. 33
The Superposition Principlep. 35
Expectation Valuesp. 36
The Uncertainty Principlep. 37
Conceptual Foundations of Quantum Mechanicsp. 37
Exercisesp. 41
Applications of Quantum Mechanicsp. 43
Infinite Square Wellp. 43
The Quantum Harmonic Oscillatorp. 46
Tunnellingp. 48
Reflection and Transmission Coefficientsp. 51
Tunnelling in Actionp. 52
Two Level Systemsp. 54
Cold Matterp. 55
Exercisesp. 59
Schrödinger Equation in Three-Dimensionsp. 63
Three-Dimensional Boxp. 63
Schrödinger Equation in Spherical Coordinatesp. 64
Separation of Variablesp. 68
The Hydrogen Atomp. 69
Radial Probability Densitiesp. 72
Exercisesp. 74
Spin and Statisticsp. 77
Stern-Gerlach Experimentp. 77
What is Spin?p. 79
Symmetry of the Wave Functionp. 80
Wave Function for Two Identical Particlesp. 81
The Pauli Exclusion Principlep. 83
Spin States and Spin Functionsp. 84
Bose-Einstein and Fermi-Dirac Distributionsp. 85
Exercisesp. 90
Atoms, Molecules and Lasersp. 91
Periodic Tablep. 91
Ionisation Energiesp. 93
Energy Spectrump. 95
Ionic Bondingp. 95
Covalent Bondingp. 97
Van der Waals Forcep. 99
Lasersp. 100
The Lasing Conditionp. 102
Exercisesp. 105
Formal Structure of Quantum Mechanicsp. 107
States and Ensemblesp. 107
Introduction to Dirac Notationp. 108
Operatorsp. 110
Measurementsp. 112
Postulates of Quantum Mechanicsp. 114
Position and Momentum Operatorsp. 115
Position and Momentum Wave Functionsp. 116
Fourier Transforms and the Delta Functionp. 117
Position and Momentum Operators Revisitedp. 120
The Schrödinger Equation Revisitedp. 122
The Uncertainty Principle Revisitedp. 123
Pure and Mixed Statesp. 124
Annihilation and Creation Operatorsp. 126
The Mach-Zehnder Interferometerp. 128
Perturbation Theoryp. 132
Exercisesp. 136
Second Revolution: Relativityp. 139
Simultaneityp. 140
Lorentz Transformationsp. 140
Length Contractionp. 144
Time Dilationp. 145
The Twin Paradoxp. 147
Causalityp. 149
E = Mc2p. 150
Relativistic Newton's Laws of Motionp. 153
General Relativityp. 154
Exercisesp. 156
Relativistic Quantum Mechanicsp. 159
Why the Need for Relativistic Quantum Mechanics?p. 159
The Klein-Gordon Equationp. 160
Negative Probabilitiesp. 161
The Dirac Equationp. 161
Quantum Field Theoryp. 163
Outlookp. 166
Exercisesp. 167
Quantum Entanglementp. 169
What is Entanglement?p. 170
Bell's Inequalitiesp. 171
Quantum Teleportationp. 174
Why is Entanglement Necessary?p. 177
The Non-Increase of Entanglement under Local Operationsp. 178
Entanglement Purificationp. 179
Purification of Pure Statesp. 182
Entanglement Measuresp. 183
Thermodynamics of Entanglementp. 186
Quantum Computingp. 188
Outlookp. 190
Exercisesp. 192
Solutionsp. 193
Chapter 2p. 193
Chapter 3p. 196
Chapter 4p. 198
Chapter 5p. 203
Chapter 6p. 205
Chapter 7p. 207
Chapter 8p. 210
Chapter 9p. 215
Chapter 10p. 217
Chapter 11p. 220
Bibliographyp. 223
Indexp. 225
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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