Introgression from Genetically Modified Plants into Wild Relatives

by H. C. M. den Nijs; D. Bartsch; J. Sweet

• ISBN13: 9780851998169
• ISBN10: 085199816X
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2004-10-07
• Publisher: Cab Intl

Summary

Introgression is the incorporation of a gene from one organism complex into another as a result of hybridization. A major concern with the use of genetically modified plants is the unintentional spread of the new genes from cultivated plants to their wild relatives and the subsequent impacts on the ecology of wild plants and their associated flora and fauna.The book reviews these issues, focusing on the ecological and evolutionary effects of introducing GM cultivars. It presents current knowledge of crop-wild relatives hybridization and introgression, and the measurement and prediction of their consequences. As a result it represents a major contribution to the debate about the risks of GM crops and measures, such as post commercialisation monitoring, required to determine the longer term impacts of GM crops on ecosystems.The book presents edited and revised presentations given at a conference of the same name, organised in January 2003 by the University of Amsterdam (Netherlands) and the Robert Koch Institute (Germany), on behalf of the European Science Foundation funded program for Assessment of the Impacts of Genetically Modified Plants (AIGM ).

Table of Contents

First-named Contributors	ix
Acknowledgements	xi
Introduction and the AIGM Research Project	1	(6)
J. Sweet
H.C.M. den Nijs
D. Bartsch
Section 1. Hybridization in Crop-Wild Plant Complexes
Hybridization in Nature: Lessons for the Introgression of Transgenes into Wild Relatives	7	(20)
P.H. van Tienderen
Introgressive Hybridization Between Invasive and Native Plant Species -- a Case Study in the Genus Rorippa (Brassicaceae)	27	(14)
W. Bleeker
Hybrids Between Cultivated and Wild Carrots: a Life History	41	(12)
T.P. Hauser
G.K. Bjorn
L. Magnussen
S.I. Shim
Gene Exchange Between Wild and Crop in Beta vulgaris: How Easy is Hybridization and What Will Happen in Later Generations?	53	(10)
H. Van Dijk
Hybridization Between Wheat and Wild Relatives, a European Union Research Programme	63	(12)
Y. Jacot
K. Ammann
P.R. Al Mazyad
C. Chueca
J. David
J. Gressel
I. Loureiro
H. Wang
E. Benavente
Molecular Genetic Assessment of the Potential for Gene Escape in Strawberry, a Model Perennial Study Crop	75	(14)
A.L. Westman
S. Medel
T.P. Spira
S. Rajapakse
D. W. Tonkyn
A.G. Abbott
Gene Flow in Forest Trees: Gene Migration Patterns and Landscape Modelling of Transgene Dispersal in Hybrid Poplar	89	(18)
G.T. Slavov
S.P. DiFazio
S.H. Strauss
Implications for Hybridization and Introgression Between Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus) and Wild Turnip (B. rapa) from an Agricultural Perspective	107	(18)
C. Norris
J. Sweet
J. Parker
J. Law
Asymmetric Gene Flow and Introgression Between Domesticated and Wild Populations	125	(14)
R. Papa
P. Gepts
Crop to Wild Gene Flow in Rice and its Ecological Consequences	139	(12)
B.-R. Lu
Z.-P. Song
J.-K. Chen
Potential for Gene Flow from Herbicide-resistant GM Soybeans to Wild Soya in the Russian Far East	151	(12)
D. Dorokhov
A. Ignatov
E. Deineko
A. Serjapin
A. Ala
K. Skryabin
Analysis of Gene Flow in the Lettuce Crop-Weed Complex	163	(10)
C. van de Wiel
A. Flavell
N. Syed
R. Antonise
J.R. van der Voort
G. van der Linden
Section 2. Gene Flow: Introgression and Adoption of Genes
Introgression of Cultivar Beet Genes to Wild Beet in the Ukraine	173	(10)
O. Slyvchenko
D. Bartsch
Crop-Wild Interaction Within the Beta vulgaris Complex: a Comparative Analysis of Genetic Diversity Between Seabeet and Weed Beet Populations Within the French Sugarbeet Production Area	183	(20)
J. Cuguen
J.-F. Arnaud
M. Delescluse
F. Viard
Crop-Wild Interaction Within the Beta vulgaris Complex: Agronomic Aspects of Weed Beet in the Czech Republic	203	(16)
J. Soukup
J. Holec
A Protocol for Evaluating the Ecological Risks Associated with Gene Flow from Transgenic Crops into Their Wild Relatives: the Case of Cultivated Sunflower and Wild Helianthus annuus	219	(16)
D. Pilson
A.A. Snow
L.H. Rieseberg
H.M. Alexander
A Review on Interspecific Gene Flow from Oilseed Rape to Wild Relatives	235	(18)
A.-M. Chevre
H. Ammitzboll
B. Breckling
A. Dietz-Pfeilsietter
F. Eber
A. Fargue
C. Gomez-Campo
E. Jenczewski
R.B. Jorgensen
C. Lavigne
M.S. Meier
H.C.M. den Nijs
K. Pascher
G. Seguin-Swartz
J. Sweet
C.N. Stewart Jr
S. Warwick
Gene Introgression and Consequences in Brassica	253	(10)
R.B. Jorgensen
H. Ammitzboll
L.B. Hansen
M. Johannessen
B. Andersen
T.P. Hauser
Transgene Expression and Genetic Introgression Associated with the Hybridization of GFP Transgenic Canola (Brassica napus L.) and Wild Accessions of Bird Rape (Brassica rapa L.)	263	(16)
M.D. Halfhill
S.I. Warwick
C.N. Stewart Jr
Section 3. Impact and Consequences of Novel Traits
Insect-resistant Transgenic Plants and Their Environmental Impact	279	(18)
R.S. Hails
B. Raymond
Risk Assessment of Genetically Modified Undomesticated Plants	297	(12)
A. Wennstrom
A Tiered Approach to Risk Assessment of Virus Resistance Traits Based on Studies with Wild Brassicas in England	309	(14)
D.W. Pallett
M.I. Thurston
M.L. Edwards
M. Naylor
H. Wang
M. Alexander
A.J. Gray
E. Mitchell
A.F. Raybould
J.A. Walsh
J.I. Cooper
Environmental and Agronomic Consequences of Herbicideresistant (HR) Canola in Canada	323	(16)
S.I. Warwick
H.J. Beckie
M.-J. Simard
A. Legere
H. Nair
G. Seguin-Swartz
Section 4. Monitoring: Field Studies, Modelling and Scientific Standards for Regulation
Prospects of a Hybrid Distribution Map Between GM Brassica napus and Wild B. rapa Across the UK	339	(12)
M. Wilkinson
L. Elliott
J. Allainguillaume
C. Norris
R. Welters
M. Alexander
G. Cuccato
J. Sweet
M. Shaw
D. Mason
Potential and Limits of Modelling to Predict the Impact of Transgenic Crops in Wild Species	351	(14)
C. Lavigne
C. Devaux
A. Deville
A. Garnier
E.K. Klein
J. Lecomte
S. Pivard
P.H. Gouyon
Introgression of GM Plants and the EU Guidance Note for Monitoring	365	(26)
H.C.M. den Nijs
D. Bartsch
Index	391