Intuitive Analog Circuit Design

by Thompson

• ISBN13: 9780750677868
• ISBN10: 0750677864
• Edition: CD
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2006-04-27
• Publisher: Elsevier Science

Summary

This book represents Marc Thompson's twenty years of experience designing and teaching analog circuits. It outlines a few ways of thinking about analog circuits and systems that is meant to develop "circuit intuition" and a feel for what a good, working analog circuit design should be. By appealing to the engineer's innate knowledge, the author explains his straightforward techniques for designing and analyzing analog circuits-including transistor amplifiers (CMOS and bipolar), transistor switching, thermal circuit design, magnetic circuit design, control systems, and many more.

Author Biography

Marc T. Thompson is president of Thompson Consulting, Inc., which focuses on analog design, power electronics, magnetic systems, and Maglev design and analysis. He is also an Adjunct Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering at Worcester Polytechnic Institute. Dr. Thompson received his BS, MS and Ph.D degrees from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Table of Contents

Preface	xi
Introduction and Motivation	1	(12)
The Need for Analog Designers	1	(1)
Some Early History of Technological Advances in Analog Integrated Circuits	2	(4)
Digital vs. Analog Implementation: Designer's Choice	6	(2)
So, Why Do We Become Analog Designers?	8	(1)
Note on Nomenclature in this Text	9	(1)
Note on Coverage in this Book	9	(1)
References	10	(2)
U.S. Patents	12	(1)
Review of Signal-Processing Basics	13	(30)
Review of Laplace Transforms, Transfer Functions and Pole-Zero Plots	13	(2)
First-Order System Response	15	(8)
Second-Order Systems	23	(10)
Review of Resonant Electrical Circuits	33	(1)
Use of Energy Methods to Analyze Undamped Resonant Circuits	34	(2)
Transfer Functions, Pole/Zero Plots and Bode Plots	36	(1)
Risetime for Cascaded Systems	37	(1)
Chapter 2 Problems	38	(4)
References	42	(1)
Review of Diode Physics and the Ideal (and Later, Nonideal) Diode	43	(32)
Current Flow in Insulators, Good Conductors and Semiconductors	43	(2)
Electrons and Holes	45	(3)
Drift, Diffusion, Recombination and Generation	48	(5)
Effects of Semiconductor Doping	53	(1)
PN Junction Under Thermal Equilibrium	54	(3)
PN Junction Under Applied Forward Bias	57	(4)
Reverse Biased Diode	61	(1)
Ideal Diode Equation	62	(1)
Charge Storage in Diodes	63	(2)
Charge Storage in the Diode Under Forward Bias	65	(1)
Reverse Recovery in Bipolar Diodes	65	(1)
Reverse Breakdown	66	(1)
Taking a Look at a Diode Datasheet	67	(3)
Some Quick Comments on Schottky Diodes	70	(1)
Chapter 3 Problems	71	(3)
References	74	(1)
Bipolar Transistor Models	75	(22)
A Little Bit of History	75	(1)
Basic NPN Transistor	76	(3)
Transistor Models in Different Operating Regions	79	(3)
Low-Frequency Incremental Bipolar Transistor Model	82	(3)
High-Frequency Incremental Model	85	(3)
Reading a Transistor Datasheet	88	(5)
Limitations of Hybrid-Pi Model	93	(1)
Chapter 4 Problems	94	(1)
References	95	(2)
Basic Bipolar Transistor Amplifiers and Biasing	97	(30)
The Issue of Transistor Biasing	97	(4)
Some Transistor Amplifiers	101	(20)
Chapter 5 Problems	121	(4)
References	125	(2)
Bandwidth Estimation Techniques and the Method of Open-Circuit Time Constants	127	(34)
Introduction to Open-Circuit Time Constants	127	(5)
Transistor Amplifier Examples	132	(24)
Chapter 6 Problems	156	(3)
References	159	(2)
Advanced Transistor Amplifier Techniques	161	(46)
Worst-Case Open-Circuit Time Constant Calculations	161	(7)
High-Frequency Output and Input Impedance of Emitter-Follower Buffers	168	(9)
Bootstrapping	177	(7)
Short-Circuit Time Constants	184	(12)
Pole Splitting	196	(6)
Chapter 7 Problems	202	(3)
References	205	(2)
High-Gain Bipolar Amplifiers and BJT Current Mirrors	207	(34)
The Need to Augment the Hybrid-Pi Model	207	(2)
Base-Width Modulation	209	(2)
Finding Parameters from a Transistor Datasheet	211	(1)
Common-Emitter Amplifier with Current Source Load	212	(1)
Building Blocks	213	(25)
Chapter 8 Problems	238	(2)
References	240	(1)
Introduction to MOSFET Devices and Basic MOS Amplifiers	241	(28)
Some Early History of Field-Effect Transistors	241	(1)
Qualitative Discussion of Basic MOS Devices	242	(1)
Figuring Out the V/I Curve of a MOS Device	243	(3)
MOS Small-Signal Model (Low Frequency)	246	(1)
MOS Small-Signal Model (High Frequency)	247	(1)
Basic MOS Amplifiers	248	(18)
Chapter 9 Problems	266	(2)
References	268	(1)
Bipolar Transistor Switching and the Charge Control Model	269	(36)
Introduction	269	(1)
Development of the Switching Models	269	(2)
Reverse-Active Region	271	(1)
Saturation	272	(2)
Junction Capacitances	274	(1)
Relationship Between Charge Control and Hybrid-Pi Parameters	274	(1)
Finding Junction Capacitances from the Datasheet	275	(2)
Manufacturers' Testing	277	(1)
Charge Control Model Examples	277	(15)
Emitter Switching	292	(2)
2N2222 Datasheet Excerpts	294	(4)
Chapter 10 Problems	298	(5)
References	303	(2)
Review of Feedback Systems	305	(42)
Introduction and Some Early History of Feedback Control	305	(1)
Invention of the Negative Feedback Amplifier	306	(2)
Control System Basics	308	(1)
Loop Transmission and Disturbance Rejection	309	(1)
Stability	310	(1)
Routh Stability Criterion	311	(3)
The Phase Margin and Gain Margin Tests	314	(1)
Relationship Between Damping Ratio and Phase Margin	315	(1)
Loop Compensation Techniques---Lead and Lag Networks	316	(1)
Parenthetical Comment on Some Interesting Feedback Loops	317	(21)
Appendix: MATLAB Scripts	338	(4)
Chapter 11 Problems	342	(3)
References	345	(2)
Basic Operational Amplifier Topologies and a Case Study	347	(22)
Basic Device Operation	347	(11)
Brief Review of LM741 Op-Amp Schematic	358	(1)
Some Real-World Limitations of Operational Amplifiers	359	(7)
Chapter 12 Problems	366	(1)
References	367	(2)
Review of Current Feedback Operational Amplifiers	369	(16)
Conventional Voltage-Feedback Op-Amp and the Constant ``Gain Bandwidth Product'' Paradigm	369	(2)
Slew Rate Limitations in Conventional Op-Amps	371	(1)
Basic Current Feedback Op-Amp	372	(3)
Absence of Slew Rate Limit in Current Feedback Op-Amps	375	(4)
Manufacturer's Datasheet Information for a Current Feedback Amplifier	379	(2)
A More Detailed Model and Some Comments on Current-Feedback Op-Amp Limitations	381	(1)
Chapter 13 Problems	382	(1)
References	383	(2)
Analog Low-Pass Filters	385	(32)
Introduction	385	(1)
Review of Low-Pass Filter Basics	386	(1)
Butterworth Filter	387	(3)
Chebyshev Filter	390	(5)
Bessel Filter	395	(3)
Comparison of Responses of Different Filter Types	398	(2)
Filter Implementation	400	(14)
Chapter 14 Problems	414	(2)
References	416	(1)
Review of Passive Components and a Case Study in PC Board Layout	417	(22)
Resistors	417	(2)
Comments on Surface-Mount Resistors	419	(1)
Comments on Resistor Types	420	(1)
Capacitors	421	(3)
Inductors	424	(1)
Discussion of Printed-Circuit Board Layout Issues	425	(3)
Approximate Inductance of a PC Board Trace Above a Ground Plane	428	(8)
Chapter 15 Problems	436	(1)
References	437	(2)
Other Useful Design Techniques and Loose Ends	439	(36)
Thermal Circuits	439	(1)
Steady-State Model of Conductive Heat Transfer	440	(1)
Thermal Energy Storage	441	(3)
Using Thermal Circuit Analogies to Determine Static Semiconductor Junction Temperature	444	(1)
Mechanical Circuit Analogies	444	(5)
The Translinear Principle	449	(2)
Input Impedance of Infinitely Long Resistive Ladder	451	(1)
Transmission Lines 101	451	(4)
Node Equations and Cramer's Rule	455	(3)
Finding Oscillation Modes	458	(5)
Some Comments on Scaling Laws in Nature	463	(6)
Chapter 16 Problems	469	(3)
References	472	(3)
Index	475	(5)
What's on the CD-ROM?	480