The Irwin Handbook of Telecommunications, 5E

by Green, James Harry

• ISBN13: 9780071452229
• ISBN10: 0071452222
• Edition: 5th
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2005-11-16
• Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education

Summary

The standard telecom industry reference with more than $2.5 million in revenue, is now fully updated and revised for easy referenceSince the fourth edition ofThe Irwin Handbook of Telecommunicationswas published in 2000, wireless communications, high-profile mergers, broadband, Ethernet, and more have transformed the telecom industry. In this comprehensively revised and updated fifth edition, veteran telecom authority James Harry Green helps you understand the new concerns regarding wireless networks and security, covers new wiring standards and changes to the National Electric Code, evolving Ethernet and Local Area Network (LAN) standards, the transition toward converged voice and data, and much more."Without a doubt, this is the best book ever written on telecom management." Teleconnect Library

Author Biography

James Harry Green is a veteran telecommunications consultant and author, with decades of hands-on experience in network planning, design, and management services in voice networks, data networks, and call center systems. Green is the author of a number of books and articles and books on telecommunications, including The Irwin Handbook of Telecommunications Management. He can be contacted at http://www.pacific-netcom.biz.

Table of Contents

List of Figures	xxvii
List of Tables	xxxiii
Introduction to the Fifth Edition	xxxv
PART ONE INTRODUCTION
A Brief History of Telecommunications	3	(18)
A Short History of the Bell System	5	(9)
The Principle of Regulated Monopoly	5	(4)
The First Antitrust Case	9	(1)
The Second Antitrust Case	10	(2)
The Telecommunications Act of 1996	12	(1)
The Aftermath of the MFJ	13	(1)
A Short History of the Internet	14	(2)
Telecommunications Standards	16	(5)
How Standards Are Developed	18	(1)
Standards Organizations	18	(3)
Introduction to the Public Switched Telephone Network	21	(14)
The Major Telecommunications Systems	22	(4)
Customer Premise Equipment (CPE)	22	(1)
Subscriber Loop Plant	23	(1)
Local Switching Systems	23	(1)
Interoffice Trunks	24	(1)
Tandem Switching Offices	24	(1)
Interexchange or Toll Trunks	25	(1)
Transmission Systems	26	(3)
Fundamentals of Multiplexing	26	(2)
Analog and Digital Transmission	28	(1)
Switching Systems	29	(2)
Early Switching Systems	29	(1)
Common Control Switching	29	(1)
Numbering Systems	30	(1)
Competitive Local Exchange Service	31	(2)
Industry Requirements and Processes	32	(1)
Application Issues	33	(2)
Introduction to Data Communications	35	(20)
Protocol Terminology and Functions	37	(3)
Protocol Functions	38	(2)
Data Networks	40	(12)
Network Access Methods	41	(1)
Data Network Addressing	41	(1)
Local Area Networks	42	(1)
Wide Area Networks	43	(6)
Network Hierarchies	49	(1)
Data Network Performance Measures	50	(2)
Data Application Issues	52	(3)
Access Channel	52	(1)
Pricing Structure	53	(1)
Bandwidth	53	(1)
Security	53	(1)
Connectivity	53	(1)
Service Level Agreements (SLAs)	54	(1)
Data Communications Principles	55	(18)
Data Communications Fundamentals	56	(11)
Coding	57	(1)
Data Communication Speeds	58	(2)
Modulation Methods	60	(2)
Full- and Half-Duplex Mode	62	(1)
Synchronizing Methods	63	(1)
Error Detection and Correction	64	(2)
Throughput	66	(1)
Data Communications Equipment	67	(5)
Terminals	67	(1)
Modems	67	(3)
Data Service Units/Channel Service Unit (DSU/CSU)	70	(1)
Multiplexers and Concentrators	70	(1)
LAN Equipment	71	(1)
Data Communications Application Issues	72	(1)
Pulse-Code Modulation	73	(20)
Digital Carrier Technology	74	(3)
Analog To Digital Conversion	74	(2)
Framing	76	(1)
Bit-Robbed Signaling	77	(1)
Extended Superframe (ESF)	77	(1)
Digital Transmission Facilities	77	(5)
The T1/E1 Carrier System	78	(3)
T1/E1 Carrier Synchronization	81	(1)
The Digital Signal Hierarchy	82	(5)
Synchronous Optical Network/Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SONET/SDH)	84	(3)
Digital Crossconnect Equipment	87	(2)
Digital Crossconnect Panel	87	(1)
Digital Crossconnect System	87	(2)
Voice Compression	89	(1)
Adaptive Differential Pulse-Code Modulation (ADPCM)	89	(1)
Code Excited Linear Prediction (CELP)	90	(1)
PCM Application Issues	90	(3)
Carrier Backbones	91	(1)
Enterprise Network Access and Backbones	91	(2)
Data Communications Protocols	93	(18)
The Open Systems Interconnect Model	94	(4)
Layer 1---Physical	95	(1)
Layer 2---Datalink	95	(1)
Layer 3---Network	96	(1)
Layer 4---Transport	97	(1)
Layer 5---Session	97	(1)
Layer 6---Presentation	97	(1)
Layer 7---Application	97	(1)
Ethernet: IEEE 802.3	98	(3)
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)	101	(8)
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)	103	(1)
User Datagram Protocol (UDP)	104	(1)
Internet Protocol (IP)	104	(5)
Domain Name Server (DNS)	109	(1)
Application Issues	110	(1)
Outside Plant	111	(14)
Outside Plant Technology	112	(6)
Supporting Structures	112	(1)
Cable Characteristics	113	(5)
Electrical Protection	118	(5)
Determining Exposure	119	(2)
Protection Methods	121	(2)
Digital Loop Carrier (DLC)	123	(1)
Outside Plant Application Issues	124	(1)
Access Technologies	125	(14)
Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)	126	(3)
DSL Standards	126	(1)
DSL Technology	127	(1)
DSL Characteristics and Applications	128	(1)
Cable Access	129	(3)
Cable Access Technology	130	(2)
Wireless Access	132	(4)
WiFi 802.11	133	(1)
WiMax 802.16	134	(1)
Satellite Access	134	(1)
Local Multipoint Distribution Services	134	(1)
Multipoint Multifrequency Distribution Service (MMDS)	135	(1)
Cellular Digital Packet Data (CDPD)	135	(1)
Third Generation Cellular (3G)	136	(1)
Access Application Issues	136	(3)
Regulatory Issues	136	(1)
Choice of Medium	137	(1)
Over-Subscription	138	(1)
Voice and Video Service	138	(1)
Structured Cabling Systems	139	(16)
Overview of Structured Wiring	140	(2)
Elements of a Structured Wiring System	141	(1)
TIA/EIA Structured Cabling Standards	142	(9)
Wire Categories	142	(2)
Cable Installation Testing	144	(1)
Backbone Cable	145	(1)
Connectors and Patch Panels	146	(1)
Equipment Room	147	(1)
Telecommunications Pathways and Spaces	147	(2)
Telecommunications Closets	149	(1)
Work Area	149	(1)
Wire Administration	150	(1)
Bonding and Grounding	150	(1)
National Electrical Code® (NEC)	151	(1)
Article 770 Optical Fiber Cables	151	(1)
Article 800 Communications	151	(1)
Structured Cable Application Issues	152	(3)
Universal Voice and Data Wiring	152	(1)
Cost Differential	153	(1)
Future Gigabit and 10G Ethernet	153	(1)
Stability of the Office Layout	153	(1)
Fiber to the Desktop	154	(1)
Manufacturer's Extended Performance Warranty	154	(1)
Local Area Networks	155	(18)
Local Area Network Technology	155	(5)
Topology	156	(1)
Access Methods	156	(2)
Modulation Methods	158	(1)
Transmission Media	158	(2)
Ethernet Standards	160	(3)
Fast Ethernet	160	(1)
LAN Traffic Prioritization	161	(1)
Gigabit Ethernet	162	(1)
10 Gigabit Ethernet	162	(1)
Power over Ethernet (PoE)	163	(1)
LAN Architectures	163	(5)
Bridging and Switching	164	(4)
Network Operating Systems	168	(2)
Peer-to-Peer Networks	169	(1)
Server-Centric Network Operating Systems	170	(1)
LAN Application Issues	170	(3)
Security	170	(1)
Fault Tolerance	171	(1)
Network Management	171	(1)
Internetworking	172	(1)
Infrastructure Planning	172	(1)
Backbone Architecture	172	(1)
Network Speed and Throughput	172	(1)
Network Equipment	173	(22)
General Network Equipment Evaluation Criteria	173	(3)
Operations, Administration, Maintenance, and Provisioning (OAM&P)	174	(1)
Adherence to Network Equipment Building System (NEBS)	174	(1)
Failure Rate	174	(1)
Warranty	175	(1)
Configuration Backup	175	(1)
Scalability	175	(1)
Power Considerations	175	(1)
Floor Space Requirements	176	(1)
Vendor and Manufacturer Stability	176	(1)
Documentation	176	(1)
Local Area Network Equipment	176	(4)
Ethernet Switches	176	(2)
Network Operating Systems	178	(2)
Transmission Equipment	180	(3)
Channel Service Unit/Data Service Units (CSU/DSU)	180	(1)
Integrated Access Devices (IAD)	181	(1)
Digital Crossconnect Systems (DCS)	182	(1)
Common Equipment	183	(12)
Relay Racks and Cabinets	183	(1)
Distributing Frames	184	(2)
Protector Frames	186	(1)
Alarm and Control Equipment	186	(1)
Power Equipment	187	(1)
Batteries and Charging Equipment	187	(1)
Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS)	188	(2)
Rotary UPS	190	(1)
UPS Evaluation	190	(1)
Emergency Engine Generator	191	(4)
PART TWO SWITCHING SYSTEMS
Signaling Systems	195	(20)
PSTN Signaling Technology	197	(5)
In-Band Signaling	198	(2)
Call Setup with Common Channel Signaling	200	(2)
E&M Signaling	202	(1)
Glare	202	(1)
Signaling System 7	202	(5)
Signaling System 7 Architecture	203	(1)
Signaling System 7 Protocol	204	(1)
Custom Local Area Signaling Services	205	(1)
Signaling Systems and Calling Line Identification	206	(1)
IP Signaling	207	(2)
The H.323 Protocol Family	208	(1)
Media Gateway Control (Megaco)	209	(1)
Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP)	209	(1)
Session Initiation Protocol	210	(4)
SIP Functions	211	(1)
SIP Architecture	211	(1)
SIP Applications	212	(2)
Electronic Number Mapping (ENUM)	214	(1)
The PSTN and Quality Requirements	215	(25)
The Architecture of the PSTN	216	(4)
VoIP in the PSTN Core	218	(1)
Call Admission Control	218	(2)
Quality of Service	220	(5)
VoIP Impairments	221	(3)
End-to-End Delay Budget	224	(1)
Quality of Service Protocols	225	(10)
Reservation Protocol (RSVP)	225	(1)
Differentiated Services (DiffServ)	226	(1)
Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS)	226	(1)
Router Queue Scheduling Protocols	227	(1)
Classifying Traffic	227	(1)
Essential Characteristics of the PSTN	228	(1)
The North American Numbering Plan	228	(1)
Access to the Local Exchange Network	229	(1)
Maintenance and Administrative Features	230	(5)
Local Central Office Service Features	235	(5)
Automatic Number Identification (ANI) and Automatic Message Accounting (AMA)	235	(1)
Local Measured Service (LMS)	236	(1)
Centrex	236	(1)
Routing to Service Facilities	237	(1)
Call-Processing Features	237	(2)
Circuit Switching Systems	239	(1)
Circuit Switching Architecture	240	(21)
Switching System Control	242	(1)
Switching Networks	243	(2)
PCM Switching Networks	245	(1)
Call Processing	246	(2)
Central Processor	248	(1)
Synchronization	249	(1)
Line and Trunk Circuits	249	(2)
Service Circuits	251	(1)
Distributed Switching	252	(2)
Remote Switch Unit (RSU)	253	(1)
Digital Loop Carrier (DLC)	254	(1)
Tandem Switching	254	(5)
Operator Service Positions	255	(1)
Tandem Switch Features	256	(3)
Advanced Intelligent Network (AIN)	259	(1)
IP Integration	260	(1)
The Integrated Services Digital Network	261	(8)
ISDN Technology	263	(1)
ISDN Architecture	264	(3)
BRI Network Terminations	264	(2)
PRI Network Terminations	266	(1)
ISDN Application Issues	267	(2)
Softswitches	269	(20)
Softswitch Elements	270	(3)
Presence Services	271	(1)
Enhanced Collaboration Services	271	(1)
Personal Assistant Services	272	(1)
IP Centrex	273	(1)
Softswitch Architectures	273	(3)
Media Gateway	275	(1)
Media Gateway Controller (MGC)	275	(1)
Media Gateway Control Protocols	276	(13)
The H.323 Protocol Family	277	(6)
Media Gateway Control (Megaco)	283	(2)
Softswitch Call Control Summary	285	(4)
PART THREE TRANSMISSION TECHNOLOGIES
Optical Networking	289	(20)
Lightwave Technology	290	(2)
Lightguide Cables	292	(6)
Manufacturing Processes	295	(2)
Cable Connectors	297	(1)
Fiber-Optic Terminal Equipment	298	(4)
Optical Amplifiers	299	(1)
Wavelength Division Multiplexing	299	(1)
Wavelength Add-drop Multiplexers (WADM)	300	(1)
Optical Cross-Connects	300	(2)
Ultra Long-Haul Equipment	302	(1)
Lightwave System Design Criteria	302	(1)
Information Transfer Rate	302	(1)
System Attenuation and Losses	303	(1)
Sample Performance Margin Calculation	303	(1)
Fiber Optics in the Local Loop	303	(2)
Passive Optical Network (PON)	305	(1)
Optical Networking Application Issues	305	(4)
Campus, Intra-, and Interbuilding Backbone	306	(1)
Fiber to the Desktop	306	(1)
Evaluation Criteria	307	(2)
Microwave Radio Systems	309	(18)
Microwave Technology	310	(3)
Spectrum Licensing	311	(1)
Radio Signal Propagation	311	(2)
Microwave Systems	313	(9)
Microwave Repeaters	315	(1)
Modulation Methods	315	(1)
Bit Error Rate	316	(1)
Diversity	316	(1)
Microwave Impairments	317	(1)
Microwave Path Analysis	318	(2)
Fresnel Zone Clearance	320	(2)
Multipath Fading	322	(1)
Interference	322	(1)
Microwave Antennas, Waveguides, and Towers	322	(1)
Microwave Application Issues	323	(4)
Evaluation Considerations	323	(4)
Satellite Communications	327	(16)
Satellite Technology	328	(5)
Satellite Systems	331	(2)
Earth Station Technology	333	(2)
Radio Relay Equipment	333	(1)
Satellite Communications Control	334	(1)
Access Control	334	(1)
Signal Processing	335	(1)
GEO Satellite Transmission	335	(1)
Satellite Delay	335	(1)
Rain Absorption	336	(1)
Sun Transit Outage	336	(1)
Carrier-to-Noise Ratio	336	(1)
Representative Satellite Services	336	(3)
Low Earth Orbiting Satellite	337	(1)
International Maritime Satellite Service	337	(1)
Very Small Aperture Terminal	338	(1)
Satellite Application issues	339	(4)
Satellite Service Evaluation Considerations	339	(4)
Mobile, Cellular, and PCS Radio Systems	343	(22)
Conventional Mobile Telephone Technology	344	(3)
Private Mobile Radio Service	347	(3)
Mobile Unit Signaling	347	(1)
Trunking Radio	348	(1)
Mobile Radio Design Objectives	348	(2)
Cellular Telephones	350	(7)
Cellular Technology	351	(2)
Cell-Site Operation	353	(1)
Mobile Telephone Switching Office	353	(1)
Mobile Units	354	(1)
Signal Enhancements	355	(1)
Roaming	356	(1)
Digital Cellular	356	(1)
Personal Communications System (PCS)	357	(2)
Next Generation Cellular	359	(2)
Fourth Generation	360	(1)
Mobile Radio Application Issues	361	(4)
Security	361	(1)
Coverage	362	(1)
Calling Plan	362	(1)
Features and Accessories	362	(1)
Cellular Emergency Calls	362	(1)
Wireless Number Portability	363	(2)
Wireless Communications Systems	365	(22)
Wireless LAN Technology	367	(8)
Unlicensed Radio Bands	367	(2)
802.11 Protocols	369	(1)
Wireless Network Architecture	370	(2)
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM)	372	(1)
Wireless Security	372	(1)
High-Speed WLANs	373	(1)
Wireless Bridges	374	(1)
Infrared LANs	374	(1)
Wireless Voice	375	(2)
Wireless Mobile Data	377	(4)
Cellular Dial-up	378	(1)
Cellular Digital Packet Data (CDPD)	379	(1)
General Packet Radio Service	380	(1)
Private Wireless Packet Carrier	381	(1)
Radio Paging	381	(1)
Wireless Application Issues	382	(5)
WLAN Design and Application	382	(2)
Wireless Voice Design and Application	384	(3)
Video Systems	387	(18)
Video Technology	388	(5)
Digital Television	390	(1)
Video Compression	390	(1)
High Definition Television (HDTV)	391	(1)
Video on Demand	392	(1)
Cable Television Systems	393	(2)
Hybrid Fiber Coax (HFC)	394	(1)
Videoconferencing Equipment	395	(4)
Video Codec	396	(1)
Audio Equipment	396	(1)
Video and Control Equipment	396	(1)
Graphics Equipment	397	(1)
Communications	397	(1)
ITU-T H.320 Video Standards	397	(1)
H.323 Video Standards	398	(1)
Video Application Issues	399	(6)
Security	399	(1)
IP Services	399	(1)
Control Systems	399	(1)
Opinion Polling	400	(1)
Streaming Video	400	(1)
Videoconferencing	400	(1)
Evaluation Considerations	400	(5)
PART FOUR CUSTOMER PREMISE SYSTEMS
Station Equipment	405	(14)
Telephone Set Technology	406	(2)
Elements of a Telephone Set	406	(2)
Telephone Set Types and Features	408	(4)
Proprietary Digital Telephones	408	(1)
Intelligent Telephones	409	(1)
ISDN Telephones	410	(1)
Conference Room Telephones	410	(1)
Cordless Telephones	411	(1)
Answering Equipment	412	(1)
Station Protection	412	(1)
Line Transfer Devices	413	(1)
Distinctive Ring Devices	413	(1)
Line Switchers	414	(1)
Station Application Issues	414	(5)
Evaluation Considerations	414	(5)
Customer-Premise Switching System Features	419	(18)
Key System Features	420	(3)
Key Telephone System Features	420	(3)
PBX Features	423	(2)
Direct Inward Dialing (DID)	423	(1)
Automatic Route Selection (ARS)	423	(1)
Networking Options	424	(1)
QSIG	425	(8)
Station Restrictions	426	(1)
Follow-Me Forwarding	426	(1)
Call Detail Recording (CDR)	427	(1)
Voice Mail	427	(1)
Dialed Number Identification System (DNIS)	427	(1)
Direct Inward System Access (DISA)	428	(1)
N x 64 Capability	428	(1)
Centralized Attendant Service (CAS)	428	(1)
Power-Fail Transfer	428	(1)
Automatic Call Distribution (ACD)	429	(1)
Uniform Call Distribution (UCD)	429	(1)
Unified Messaging	429	(1)
Emergency Service Interface	429	(1)
Multitenant Service	430	(1)
Property Management Interface	430	(1)
Uniform Dialing Plan (UDP)	430	(1)
Simplified Message Desk Interface (SMDI)	431	(1)
PBX Voice Features	431	(1)
Attendant Features	432	(1)
System Administration Features	433	(1)
Call Accounting Systems	433	(1)
Call Accounting Application issues	434	(3)
Call Accounting Evaluation	434	(3)
TDM Customer-Premise Switching Systems	437	(18)
TDM Key and Hybrid Architectures	438	(1)
PBX Architectures	439	(16)
Station Connections	441	(2)
Trunk Connections	443	(1)
Tie Trunks and Networking	444	(2)
Distributed Switching	446	(1)
Administration	446	(1)
Redundancy	447	(1)
Emergency Communications	447	(1)
Computer-Telephony Interface	447	(1)
Wireless Capability	447	(1)
TDM CPE Application issues	448	(1)
PBX Standards	448	(1)
Evaluation Considerations	448	(3)
Key System Considerations	451	(1)
PBX Considerations	452	(3)
IP Customer Premise Equipment	455	(20)
IP PBX Architectures	456	(5)
IP-Enabled TDM PBX	456	(2)
IP PBX	458	(3)
Converged PBX	461	(1)
Validating Expectations	461	(4)
Cost Reductions	462	(1)
Quality Monitoring and Testing	463	(1)
Feature Enhancements	464	(1)
VoIP Network Requirements	465	(4)
Traffic Classification and Prioritization	467	(1)
Fault Tolerance	468	(1)
VoIP PBX Security	469	(2)
IP PBX Application Issues	471	(4)
Evaluation Criteria	472	(3)
Automatic Media Distribution Systems	475	(22)
Call Distribution Technology	476	(7)
Call-Handling Elements	478	(1)
Service Delivery	479	(1)
Informing	480	(1)
Routing	481	(2)
ACD Features and Operation	483	(3)
Telephone Instruments	483	(1)
Outbound Calling	484	(1)
ACD Statistical Reporting	484	(1)
Networked Call Centers	485	(1)
VoIP in the Contact Center	486	(1)
Other Call Distribution Alternatives	487	(2)
Central Office ACD	488	(1)
Hosted VoIP ACD	488	(1)
Uniform Call Distributor (UCD)	488	(1)
Call Sequencer	489	(1)
Media Distribution Application Issues	489	(8)
Evaluation Criteria	489	(8)
Voice-Processing Systems	497	(22)
Voice Mail	498	(7)
Voice-Mail Integration	500	(1)
Voice-Mail Features	501	(2)
Unified Messaging	503	(1)
Networked Voice Mail	503	(2)
Stand-Alone Voice Mail	505	(1)
Automated Attendant	505	(1)
Interactive Voice Response	506	(2)
Digital Recording	508	(1)
Speech Recognition	508	(1)
Digital Announcers	509	(1)
Voice-Processing Application Issues	510	(9)
Evaluating Voice Mail	511	(2)
Evaluating Unified Messaging	513	(1)
Evaluating Automated Attendant	514	(1)
Evaluating Audiotex	514	(1)
Evaluating IVR	514	(1)
Evaluating Speech Recognition Equipment	515	(1)
Evaluating Digital Recorders	516	(1)
Evaluating Digital Announcers	516	(3)
Electronic Messaging Systems	519	(16)
Messaging System Overview	520	(2)
The X.400 Messaging Protocol	522	(2)
X.400 Addressing	522	(1)
X.500 Directory Service for X.400	523	(1)
Internet Mail	524	(6)
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol	525	(1)
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP)	526	(1)
Instant Messaging	527	(3)
Electronic Data Interchange	530	(1)
EDI Standards	531	(1)
Electronic Messaging Application Issues	531	(4)
E-mail Evaluation	531	(1)
Instant Messaging Evaluation	532	(1)
EDI Evaluation	533	(2)
Facsimile Systems	535	(16)
Facsimile Technology	536	(4)
Facsimile Machine Characteristics	537	(1)
Scanners	538	(1)
Facsimile Handshake	539	(1)
Printing	540	(1)
Facsimile Features	540	(2)
Facsimile Alternatives	542	(5)
Facsimile over IP	542	(1)
Facsimile via Internet E-mail	543	(1)
Fax Servers	544	(1)
Group 4 Facsimile	545	(1)
Facsimile Line-Sharing Devices	546	(1)
Facsimile Application Issues	547	(4)
Document Characteristics	547	(1)
Compatibility	547	(1)
Document Memory	548	(1)
Fax Server or Fax Machine	548	(3)
PART FIVE TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS
Enterprise Networks	551	(18)
Elements of the Enterprise Network	554	(2)
Building Blocks of the Enterprise Network	556	(2)
Terminal Equipment	556	(1)
Local Area Networks	556	(1)
Circuits	556	(1)
Common-Carrier Switched Facilities	557	(1)
Premises Switching Systems	558	(1)
Facility Termination Equipment	558	(1)
Private Voice Networks	558	(1)
Private Data networks	559	(4)
Data VPNs	560	(3)
Private Network Development Issues	563	(3)
Security	563	(1)
Policy-Based Networking	564	(1)
Future Compatibility	565	(1)
Vendor Independence	565	(1)
Network Management Issues	566	(1)
Network Planning	566	(1)
Enterprise Network Application Issues	566	(3)
Metropolitan Area Networks	569	(18)
Legacy MAN Protocols and Services	571	(5)
SONET/SDH	571	(1)
Fibre Channel	572	(2)
Fiber Distributed Data Interface	574	(1)
Switched Multimegabit Data Service	575	(1)
Metropolitan Area Ethernet	576	(8)
Gigabit Ethernet	577	(1)
10G Ethernet	578	(1)
Ethernet in the First Mile	579	(2)
Resilient Packet Ring	581	(3)
MAN Application Issues	584	(3)
Fibre Channel	585	(1)
Fiber Distributed Data Interface	585	(1)
Switched Multimegabit Data Service	585	(2)
Wide Area Networks	587	(18)
Wide Area Network Requirements	588	(1)
Data Network Facilities	588	(6)
Point-To-Point Network Facilities	589	(5)
Multidrop Networks	594	(5)
IBM Systems Network Architecture (SNA)	595	(3)
Advanced Peer-to-Peer Network (APPN)	598	(1)
Public Packet Data Networks (PDNs)	599	(1)
X.25 Protocol	599	(1)
Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT)	600	(1)
WAN Application Issues	601	(4)
Evaluation Considerations	602	(3)
Frame Relay	605	(14)
Frame Relay Technology	606	(5)
The Frame Relay Protocol	609	(2)
Network-to-Network Interface	611	(1)
Switched Virtual Circuits	611	(1)
Voice over Frame Relay (VoFR)	611	(1)
SNA Over Frame Relay	612	(2)
Frame Relay Application Issues	614	(5)
Evaluation Considerations	614	(5)
Asynchronous Transfer Mode	619	(14)
ATM Technology	620	(7)
Rationale for Fixed-Length Cells	622	(1)
ATM Network Interfaces	623	(1)
ATM Protocol Layers	624	(2)
ATM Call Processing	626	(1)
Voice over ATM (VoATM)	627	(1)
VoATM Signaling and Call Setup	628	(1)
LAN Emulation	628	(2)
Multiprotocol Over ATM	629	(1)
ATM Application Issues	630	(3)
Evaluating ATM Services	631	(1)
Evaluating ATM Equipment	632	(1)
IP Networks	633	(14)
IP Network Routing	634	(6)
Interior Gateway Protocols	635	(3)
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)	638	(1)
Routing in an Internet	639	(1)
Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS)	640	(3)
Label Distribution	641	(1)
MPLS Traffic Engineering	642	(1)
Cell-Switched MPLS	642	(1)
MPLS VPNS	643	(1)
IP Network Application Issues	644	(3)
Carrier Performance Metrics	645	(1)
Evaluation Issues	645	(1)
Ancillary Services	646	(1)
Classes of Service	646	(1)
Network Testing	647	(14)
Circuit Tests	648	(2)
Structured Cable Testing	648	(1)
Fiber-Optic Testing	649	(1)
Bit-Error Rate Test	649	(1)
Remote Monitoring (RMON)	650	(1)
Protocol Analyzers	650	(6)
Protocol Analyzer Features	652	(3)
WAN Analysis	655	(1)
Wireless Network Testing	655	(1)
Distributed Protocol Analysis Systems	656	(1)
Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality (PESQ)	657	(1)
Testing Application Issues	657	(4)
Protocol Analyzer Evaluation Criteria	657	(4)
Network Management Systems	661	(16)
Network Management and Control	662	(2)
Simple Network Management Protocol	664	(5)
MIB-II	667	(1)
SNMP Version 2	668	(1)
SNMP Version 3	669	(1)
Common Management Information Protocol	669	(2)
Bandwidth Management	671	(1)
Customer Network Management (CNM)	672	(1)
Network Management Application Issues	673	(4)
Centralized vs. Decentralized Network Management	673	(1)
Multiple Vendor Issues	674	(1)
Organizational Considerations	674	(1)
Network Management System Evaluation Criteria	675	(2)
Telecommunications Convergence	677	(14)
Why Convergence?	679	(7)
The Business Case for Convergence	680	(2)
Barriers to Convergence	682	(4)
The IPsphere Initiative	686	(1)
Convergence Application Issues	686	(5)
VoIP in the Public Network	687	(1)
TDM over IP (TDMoIP) Multiplexers	688	(1)
VoIP Business Applications	689	(2)
Future Developments in Telecommunications	691	(12)
Disruptive Influences	692	(7)
Long Distance Commoditization	692	(1)
Local Service Competition	693	(2)
Cable and Cellular Competitors	695	(1)
Wireless	696	(1)
Increased Computing Power	697	(1)
Unresolved Issues	697	(2)
The Converged Network	699	(3)
Broadband Development	699	(1)
VoIP Development	699	(1)
Telephone Subsidization	700	(1)
Taxation and Regulation	701	(1)
Security	701	(1)
Opportunities and Challenges	702	(1)
Appendix A Telecommunications Acronym Dictionary	703	(16)
Appendix B Glossary	719	(26)
Bibliography	745