The Jains

by Dundas; Paul

• ISBN13: 9780415266055
• ISBN10: 041526605X
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2002-08-30
• Publisher: Routledge

Summary

The Indian religion of Jainism, whose central tenet involves non-violence to all creatures, is one of the world's oldest and least-understood faiths. Dundas looks at Jainism in its social and doctrinal context, its history, sects, scriptures and ritual, and describes how the Jains have, over two and a half thousand years, defined themselves as a unique religious community. This revised and expanded edition takes account of new research into Jainism.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgements	xi
Preface to the second edition	xiii
A note on transliteration and pronunciation	xiv
Introduction	1	(2)
The question of Jain identity	3	(4)
Western views of the Jains	7	(5)
The fordmakers	12	(33)
The Vedic background	13	(3)
Going forth: the institution of world renunciation	16	(1)
The `Sayings of the Seers'	17	(2)
The fordmakers and the ford	19	(3)
The sources for Mahavira's biography	22	(2)
Mahavira's date	24	(1)
Epithets	25	(1)
The transfer of the embryo	26	(1)
Mahavira's asceticism	26	(2)
Mahavira's relationship with Makkhali Gosala	28	(2)
Mahavira's relationship with Parsva	30	(3)
Mahavira's enlightenment	33	(1)
The preaching assembly	34	(1)
Mahavira as Great Man	35	(2)
The conversion of the ganadharas	37	(2)
The expansion of the fordmaker lineage	39	(2)
Early teachings	41	(4)
The Digambaras and the Svetambaras	45	(15)
Sectarian origins	46	(3)
Sectarian attitudes	49	(2)
Social interaction	51	(4)
Can women attain deliverance?	55	(5)
Scriptures	60	(26)
Scripture as sacred object: the manuscripts at Mudbidri	63	(2)
Scripture as spectacle: the recitation of the Kalpasutra	65	(2)
Lost scriptures: the Purvas	67	(2)
Ardhamagadhi as scriptural language	69	(1)
Svetambara traditions about scriptural transmission	70	(3)
The forty-five text Svetambara canon	73	(3)
Enumeration of the Svetambara scriptures	76	(3)
Digambara scriptures	79	(2)
The Five Homages	81	(2)
Jain libraries	83	(3)
Doctrine	86	(26)
Omniscience	88	(2)
The loka	90	(3)
The fundamental entities	93	(4)
Karma	97	(2)
The types of karma	99	(3)
Rebirth	102	(2)
Deliverance	104	(2)
Plants and animals	106	(1)
Kundakunda and the Digambara mystical tradition	107	(3)
God	110	(2)
History: from early times to the late medieval period	112	(38)
Mathura	113	(2)
Jainism in south India	115	(1)
Jain literature in Tamil	116	(2)
Jain kingship in Karnataka	118	(2)
Early Digambara sects	120	(3)
The bhattaraka	123	(2)
Mixed fortunes in the south	125	(4)
Svetambara teachers	129	(7)
The temple-dwelling monks	136	(2)
The emergence of Svetambara gacchas	138	(2)
The Kharatara Gaccha	140	(2)
The Tapa Gaccha	142	(3)
Relations with the Muslims	145	(2)
Svetambara caste conversion	147	(3)
The ascetic	150	(37)
The stages of quality	151	(1)
Monks and nuns	152	(1)
Reasons for renunciation	153	(2)
Initiation	155	(2)
The Great Vows	157	(3)
The nature of non-violence	160	(3)
Asceticism	163	(3)
Meditation	166	(3)
Ascetic ritual: the Obligatory Actions	169	(4)
Interaction with the laity	173	(1)
Giving	174	(2)
Vegetarianism	176	(1)
Rules about Svetambara ascetic behaviour	177	(2)
Sallekhana: the religious death	179	(2)
The role of the acarya	181	(6)
The lay person	187	(40)
The social milieu	187	(2)
What should a layman do?	189	(3)
Banarsidas	192	(3)
Wealth, honour and piety	195	(3)
Bidding	198	(1)
Fasting	199	(1)
Worship	200	(1)
Background	200	(4)
Puja	204	(3)
The puja of eight substances	207	(2)
The purpose of puja	209	(3)
Goddesses	212	(2)
Yearly festivals	214	(4)
Pilgrimage and holy places	218	(1)
Historical background	219	(3)
Mount Satrunjaya	222	(1)
Sravana Belgola	223	(4)
Jain relativism and attitudes towards Hinduism and Buddhism	227	(18)
The doctrine of manypointedness	229	(4)
The Jains and the Hindus	233	(7)
The Jains and the Buddhists	240	(5)
Recent developments	245	(32)
Lonka	246	(5)
The Sthanakvasis	251	(3)
Acarya Bhiksu and the Terapanth	254	(8)
Srimad Rajacandra	262	(3)
The Kanji Svami Panth	265	(6)
The Jain diaspora and the modern world	271	(4)
The future	275	(2)
Glossary	277	(4)
Notes	281	(26)
Sources in Sanskrit and Prakrit	307	(4)
Bibliography of secondary sources	311	(25)
Index	336