Janson's History of Art : The Western Tradition

by Janson, Anthony F. (Author)

• ISBN13: 9780131934788
• ISBN10: 0131934783
• Edition: 7th
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2006-05-31
• Publisher: Prentice Hall Art

Summary

Edouard Manet was one of the most innovative and controversial artists in the 19th century. A painter of modern life, he portrayed the new leisure activities of Parisian aristocracy and bourgeoisie. A Bar at the Folies-Bergere reflects Manet's interest in the new social mobility of Parisian society as a result of the Industrial Revolution and the interaction of classes. The viewer is presented with a mirror set close behind the barmaid, which reflects the densely packed sparkling interior of the famous dance hall that virtually symbolized Parisian nightlife at the time. Also reflected in the mirror is a man across the counter, facing the barmaid. The scene suggests that he is propositioning her, for as is well known, the servers were as available as the drinks and the sexually symbolic fruit on the counter. Strikingly in contrast with the buoyant setting, this act of interaction between social classes reflects the grim aspect of modern life that comes with the increasing commodification of society. But as is typical of Manet, the picture, filled with references and hidden meanings, defies any one interpretation and is open to multiple readings. Book jacket.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. xiii
Introducing Art	p. xxi
The Ancient World
Prehistoric Art	p. 1
Paleolithic Art	p. 2
Neolithic Art	p. 12
Materials and Techniques: Cave Painting	p. 5
Informing Art: Telling Time: Labels and Periods	p. 10
Ancient Near Eastern Art	p. 21
Sumerian Art	p. 22
Art of Akkad	p. 29
Neo-Sumerian Revival	p. 31
Babylonian Art	p. 33
Assyrian Art	p. 34
Late Babylonian Art	p. 37
Regional Near Eastern Art	p. 38
Iranian Art	p. 39
Materials and Techniques: Mud Brick	p. 23
The Art Historian's Lens: Losses Through Looting	p. 42
Egyptian Art	p. 47
Predynastic and Early Dynastic Art	p. 48
The Old Kingdom: A Golden Age	p. 50
The Middle Kingdom: Reasserting Tradition Through the Arts	p. 59
The New Kingdom: Restored Glory	p. 62
Akhenaten and the Amarna Style	p. 69
Papyrus Scrolls: The Book of the Dead	p. 73
Late Egypt	p. 74
Materials and Techniques: Building the Pyramids	p. 75
Informing Art: Major Periods in Ancient Egypt	p. 51
The Art Historian's Lens: Interpreting Ancient Travel Writers	p. 76
Aegean Art	p. 79
Early Cycladic Art	p. 80
Minoan Art	p. 82
Mycenaean Art	p. 92
Materials and Techniques: Cyclopean Masonry	p. 94
The Art Historian's Lens: Two Excavators, Legend, and Archeology	p. 85
Greek Art	p. 101
The Emergence of Greek Art: The Geometric Style	p. 102
The Orientalizing Style: Horizons Expand	p. 105
Archaic Art: Art of the City-State	p. 108
The Classical Age	p. 121
The Late Classical Period	p. 141
The Age of Alexander and the Hellenistic Period	p. 146
Materials and Techniques: The Indirect Lost-Wax Process	p. 124
Informing Art: The Greek Gods and Goddesses	p. 102
The Art Historian's Lens: The Parthenon Frieze: A New Interpretation	p. 136
Etruscan Art	p. 161
Funerary Art	p. 162
Architecture	p. 169
Sculpture	p. 171
Materials and Techniques: Etruscan Gold-Working	p. 164
Roman Art	p. 177
Early Rome and the Republic	p. 177
The Early Empire	p. 191
Art and Architecture in the Provinces	p. 209
Domestic Art and Architecture	p. 212
The Late Empire	p. 219
Late Roman Architecture in the Provinces	p. 225
Materials and Techniques: Copying Greek Sculptures	p. 188
The Art Historian's Lens: Recognizing Copies: The Case of the Laocoon	p. 179
The Middle Ages
Early Christian and Byzantine Art	p. 235
Early Christian Art	p. 237
Byzantine Art	p. 253
Materials and Techniques: Mosaics	p. 246
The Art Historian's Lens: The Cotton Library Fire	p. 251
Islamic Art	p. 277
The Formation of Islamic Art	p. 279
The Development of Islamic Style	p. 282
Islamic Art and the Persian Inheritance	p. 286
The Classical Age	p. 289
Later Classical Art and Architecture	p. 292
The Three Late Empires	p. 299
Continuity and Change in Islamic Art	p. 307
Materials and Techniques: The Oriental Carpet	p. 298
Informing Art: Islam and Its Messenger	p. 278
The Art Historian's Lens: Spanish Islamic Art and Europe in the Middle Ages	p. 287
Early Medieval Art	p. 311
Anglo-Saxon and Viking Art	p. 312
Hiberno-Saxon Art	p. 316
Carolingian Art	p. 321
Ottonian Art	p. 330
Materials and Techniques: Metalwork	p. 313
Romanesque Art	p. 345
First Expressions of Romanesque Style	p. 347
Mature Romanesque	p. 348
Regional Variants of Romanesque Style	p. 371
The Paradoxical Meaning of Romanesque	p. 382
Materials and Techniques: Vaulting	p. 378
The Art Historian's Lens: Preserving and Restoring Architecture	p. 368
Gothic Art	p. 385
Early Gothic Art in France	p. 387
High Gothic Art in France	p. 396
Rayonnant or Court Style	p. 410
Late Gothic Art in France	p. 415
The Spread of Gothic Art	p. 420
Matherials and Techniques: Stained Glass	p. 403
The Art Historian's Lens: Modules and Proportions	p. 402
The Renaissance Through the Rococo
Art in Thirteenth- and Fourteenth-Century Italy	p. 437
Church Architecture and the Growth of the Mendicant Orders	p. 438
Painting in Tuscany	p. 448
Northern Italy	p. 463
Materials and Techniques: Fresco Painting and Conservation	p. 442
The Art Historian's Lens: The Social Work of Images	p. 454
Artistic Innovations in Fifteenth-Century Northern Europe	p. 469
Courtly Art: The International Gothic	p. 471
Urban Centers and the New Art	p. 476
Late Fifteenth-Century Art in the Netherlands	p. 487
Regional Responses to the Early Netherlandish Style	p. 493
The Art Historian's Lens: Scientific and Technical Study of Paintings	p. 488
The Early Renaissance in Fifteenth-Century Italy	p. 503
Florence, CA. 1400-1430, Ancient Inspirations for Architecture and Architectural Sculpture	p. 505
Chapels and Churches for Florentine Families, 1420-1430	p. 511
The Florentine Style Spreads, 1425-1450	p. 519
Florence During the Era of the Medici, 1430-1494	p. 522
Domestic Life: Palaces, Furnishings, and Paintings, CA. 1440-1490	p. 531
The Renaissance Style Reverberates, 1400-1500	p. 541
The High Renaissance in Italy, 1495-1520	p. 555
The High Renaissance in Florence and Milan	p. 556
Rome Resurgent	p. 563
Venice	p. 580
Materials and Techniques: Drawings	p. 571
The Art Historian's Lens: Cleaning and Restoring Works of Art	p. 573
The Late Renaissance and Mannerism in Sixteenth-Century Italy	p. 587
Later Renaissance Florence: The Church, the Court, and Mannerism	p. 588
Rome Reformed	p. 596
Mantua of the Gonzaga	p. 603
Parma and Bologna	p. 605
Venice: The Serene Republic	p. 608
Materials and Techniques: Oil on Canvas	p. 610
The Art Historian's Lens: Iconography and Iconology	p. 594
Renaissance and Reformation in Sixteenth-Century Northern Europe	p. 621
France: Courtly Tastes for Italian Forms	p. 621
Spain: Global Power and Religious Orthodoxy	p. 629
Central Europe: The Reformation and Art	p. 632
England: Reformation and Power	p. 645
The Netherlands: World Marketplace	p. 647
Materials and Techniques: Making and Conserving Renaissance Tapestries	p. 626
The Art Historian's Lens: The Economics of Art	p. 650
The Baroque in Italy and Spain	p. 659
Painting in Italy	p. 661
Architecture in Italy	p. 673
Sculpture in Italy	p. 683
Painting in Spain	p. 688
Materials and Techniques: Bernini's Sculptural Sketches	p. 687
The Baroque in the Netherlands	p. 697
Flanders	p. 699
The Dutch Republic	p. 710
The Market: Landscape, Still-Life, and Genre Painting	p. 721
Materials and Techniques: Etching, Drypoint, and Selective Wiping	p. 720
Primary Sources: Peter Paul Rubens (1577-1640)	p. 701
The Art Historian's Lens: Authenticity and Workshops for Rubens and Rembrandt	p. 716
The Baroque in France and England	p. 733
France: The style of Louis XIV	p. 735
Baroque Architecture in England	p. 750
Primary Sources: Nicolas Poussin (ca. 1594-1665)	p. 738
The Art Historian's Lens: Forgeries and The Book of Truth	p. 743
The Rococo	p. 757
France: The Rise of the Rococo	p. 758
England: Painting and Printmaking	p. 770
Germany and Austria and the Rococo in Central Europe	p. 773
Italy	p. 777
Materials and Techniques: Pastel painting	p. 763
The Modern World
Art in the Age of the Enlightenment, 1750-1789	p. 789
Rome Toward 1760: The Font of Neoclassicism	p. 791
Rome Toward 1760: The Font of Romanticism	p. 793
Neoclassicism in England	p. 795
Early Romanticism in England	p. 802
Neoclassicism in France	p. 808
Materials and Techniques: Josiah Wedgwood and Neoclassical Jasperware	p. 796
The Art Historian's Lens: The Elusive Meaning of West's The Death of General Wolfe	p. 799
Art in the Age of Romanticism, 1789-1848	p. 823
Painting	p. 825
Sculpture	p. 850
Romantic Revivals in Architecture	p. 853
Materials and Techniques: Blake's Printing Process	p. 829
The Age of Positivism: Realism, Impressionism, and the Pre-Raphaelites, 1848-1885	p. 861
Realism in France	p. 862
British Realism	p. 881
Realism in America	p. 888
Photography: A Mechanical Medium for Mass-Produced Art	p. 892
Architecture and the Industrial Revolution	p. 898
Materials and Techniques: Impressionist Color Theory	p. 876
The Art Historian's Lens: An Artist's Reputation and Changes in Art Historical Methodology	p. 890
Progress and Its Discontents: Post-Impressionism, Symbolism, and Art Nouveau, 1880-1905	p. 903
Post-Impressionism	p. 905
Symbolism	p. 918
Art Nouveau and the Search for Modern Design	p. 929
American Architecture: The Chicago School	p. 933
Photography	p. 937
Materials and Techniques: Lithography	p. 911
The Art Historian's Lens: Feminist Art History	p. 926
Toward Abstraction: The Modernist Revolution, 1904-1914	p. 945
Fauvism	p. 946
Cubism	p. 949
The Impact of Fauvism and Cubism	p. 954
Marcel Duchamp and the Dilemma of Modern Art	p. 970
Modernist Sculpture: Constantin Brancusi and Aristide Maillol	p. 971
American Art	p. 974
Early Modern Architecture in Europe	p. 976
Materials and Techniques: The Woodcut in German Expressionism	p. 958
The Art Historian's Lens: The Myth of the Primitive	p. 951
Art Between the Wars	p. 983
Dada	p. 984
Surrealism	p. 993
Organic Sculpture	p. 1001
Creating Utopias	p. 1004
Art in American: Modernity. Spirituality, and Regionalism	p. 1017
Mexican Art: Seeking A National Identity	p. 1026
The Eve of World War II	p. 1029
Materials and Techniques: Reinforced Concrete	p. 1013
Postwar to Postmodern, 1945-1980	p. 1037
Existentialism in New York: Abstract Expressionism	p. 1038
Existentialism in Europe: Figural Expressionism	p. 1045
Rejecting Abstract Expressionism: American Art of the 1950s and 1960s	p. 1046
Formalist Abstraction of the 1950s and 1960s	p. 1055
The Pluralist 1970S: Post-Minimalism	p. 1059
Art with a Social Agenda	p. 1065
Late Modernist Architecture	p. 1070
The Art Historian's Lens: Studying the Absent Object	p. 1062
The Postmodern Era: Art Since 1980	p. 1077
Architecture	p. 1079
Postminimalism and Pluralism: Limitless Possibilities	p. 1089
Materials and Techniques: Computer Aided Design in Architecture	p. 1088
The Art Historian's Lens: The Changing Art Market	p. 1105
Glossary	p. 1
Bibliography	p. 1
Index	p. 1
Credits	p. 1
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