Japanese-Russian Relations Under Brezhnev and Andropov

by Kimura,Hiroshi

• ISBN13: 9780765605856
• ISBN10: 0765605856
• Edition: Revised
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2000-02-28
• Publisher: Routledge

Summary

This study by the leading Japanese specialist in the field offers a comprehensive analysis of the deterioration of Soviet-Japanese relations in the 1970s and 1980s -- a period when the two countries clashed over issues ranging from military security to fishing rights and their competing claims to the southern Kuriles, Japan's "Northern Territories", awarded to Stalin at Yalta.

Author Biography

Hiroshi Kimura is a Professor at the International Research Center for Japanese Studies in Kyoto and serves as first vice president of the International Council for Central and East European Studies

Table of Contents

Preface	xi
Acknowledgments	xiii
Abbreviations	xvii
Introduction	xix
PART ONE WHAT MADE JAPAN AND THE SOVIET UNION ``DISTANT NEIGHBORS''?	1	(72)
Basic Determinants of Japanese-Soviet Relations	3	(18)
Background Factors	4	(5)
Basic Framework: Politico-Diplomatic Factors	9	(6)
Perceptions, Policies, and International Behavior	15	(3)
Issues and Disputes	18	(3)
Approaches to National Security	21	(34)
Solving International Conflicts: The Legacy of World War II	21	(4)
Basic Views on National Security	25	(16)
Contrasting Views on Military Forces	41	(14)
Japanese and Soviet Views on Territory	55	(18)
Territorial Dispute as a Symbol	55	(3)
The Concept of ``Inherent'' Territory	58	(5)
What Determines Boundaries?	63	(4)
The Value of the Northern Territories	67	(6)
PART TWO SOVIET POLICIES TOWARD JAPAN: WHY WERE THEY COUNTERPRODUCTIVE?	73	(38)
Soviet Policy Toward Asia	75	(9)
Soviet Perception of the Changing U.S. Policy Toward Asia	75	(2)
Soviet Approach to Asia	77	(3)
Unsuccessful Outcome: Its Reasons	80	(4)
Soviet Strategy and Tactics Toward Japan	84	(27)
The Importance of Japan	84	(3)
Decision-Making Structure	87	(2)
Perceptions, Objectives, and Strategy	89	(3)
Separation of Japan from the United States	92	(3)
Prevention of Japan's ``Globalization'' and ``Remilitarization''	95	(4)
Attempts to Improve Relations Through Bargaining (``The Carrot'')	99	(3)
Accommodation with China	102	(4)
Military Buildup and Bluff (``The Stick'')	106	(2)
Interaction of the Determinants	108	(3)
PART THREE THE DETERIORATION IN SOVIET-JAPANESE RELATIONS	111	(90)
Japanese and Soviet Negotiating Behavior: The Spring 1977 Fisheries Talks	115	(25)
A Chronicle: December 1976--May 1977	116	(1)
Negotiating Behavior and Cultural Differences	117	(20)
Negotiating Behavior and Cultural Similarities: Non-Western ``Rules of the Game''	137	(3)
The Conclusion of the Japan--China Peace Treaty (1978)	140	(37)
The significance of the Treaty for the Soviet Union	140	(4)
Soviet Attempts to Prevent the Signing of the Treaty	144	(4)
Japan's Responses and the Assessment of Soviet Policy	148	(2)
Why the Soviets Failed	150	(2)
No Concessions on the Northern Territories Issue	152	(4)
Proposal of a Substitute Treaty	156	(2)
The Soviets' Immediate Reactions	158	(3)
Japan as a Victim	161	(3)
Prevention of an Anti-Soviet Tripartite Alliance	164	(3)
Limits of Improvements in Sino-Japanese Relations	167	(2)
Rationale for Improvement in Soviet-Japanese Relations	169	(2)
Did Moscow Really ``Retaliate'' Against Tokyo?	171	(2)
Deployment of Troops on the Disputed Islands	173	(4)
The Soviets Propose Substitute Treaties	177	(24)
Are CBMs Applicable to Asia?	177	(2)
Different Geographic Circumstances	179	(2)
Different Negotiating Circumstances	181	(3)
Psychological Factors	184	(3)
Moscow Wants Legal Document	187	(4)
Asian Collective Security Scheme or Any Other Treaty	191	(4)
Soviet Offensive and Japan's Counter-Strategy	195	(6)
PART FOUR A CHANGING GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT	201	(62)
The Impact of the Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan (1979)	205	(19)
Zigzagging Between Two Policy Alternatives	206	(3)
Cooperative Policy Toward the United States	209	(3)
Economic Sanctions: Difficult Implementation	212	(2)
Soviet Position Toward Japan	214	(2)
``The Pacific Basin Concept'': Three Major Soviet Criticism	216	(5)
Soviet Tactics: Sympathy, Bluff, and Material Incentives	221	(3)
From Clouded to ``Somewhat Crystal'': Suzuki to Nakasone	224	(17)
Japan's Puzzling Policies	225	(6)
Causes of Ambiguities	231	(4)
Yasuhiro Nakasone and the United States	235	(3)
Self-Confidence and Comprehensive Approach	238	(3)
Andropov's Policy: Any Change?	241	(22)
Continuity in Basic Attitude	241	(4)
More Military Buildup in the Far East	245	(2)
Diplomatic Offensive with SS-20s	247	(4)
Andropov's New Proposal	251	(2)
An Agreement on Nonuse of Nuclear Weapons	253	(2)
The Downing of KAL 007	255	(2)
Impact of the KAL Incident	257	(6)
Conclusions	263	(6)
Notes	269	(44)
Selected Bibliography	313	(10)
Name Index	323	(5)
Subject Index	328	(7)
About the Author	335