Keep it Running, Keep it Safe is based upon the highly regarded Process Machinery Safety and Reliability by the same author. Keep it Running, Keep it Safe, is an invaluable ready reference for day to day work in the process industries. The book outlines a procedure for the assessment of machinery safety and reliability, covering: Hazard assessment Legal requirements Reliability hazards and failure modes Control of Hazards Health and safety compliance It provides a general interpretation of the relevant legislation and identifies safety measures and procedures for the assessment of equipment safety and reliability. With liberal use of case studies and real examples, it explains complex issues in a direct and straightforward style.Keep it Running, Keep it Safe offers a comprehensive understanding of the issues and techniques involved in improving safety and reliability with the potential to make a real difference to everyday engineering practice for plant managers, plant engineers, maintenance engineers, loss prevention engineers, engineering designers, inspectors, and all those concerned with the safe and efficient operation of engineering plant.

Professor William Wong, CEng, FIMechE, FIMarEST is a respected and experienced engineer. Since his retirement he has been working largely within industry, as well as lecturing in safety and reliability at University College, London UK.

Acknowledgements	p. xiii
How to Use the Guide	p. xv
Scope and Introduction	p. 1
Scope	p. 1
Introduction	p. 1
The evolution of health and safety legislation	p. 2
Evolution of the law to include safety in design	p. 4
The duty of compliance	p. 5
Enforcement of the law	p. 6
Codes and standards	p. 7
The Law	p. 9
Introduction	p. 9
Construction (Design and Management) (CDM) Regulations	p. 10
The client (on initiation of a project)	p. 11
The planning supervisor	p. 11
The designer	p. 12
The client (as operator)	p. 12
Dangerous Substances and Explosive Atmospheres Regulations (DSEAR) 2002	p. 13
Hazardous area classification	p. 13
Risk management	p. 16
Required documentation	p. 17
The Equipment and Protective Systems Intended for Use in Potentially Explosive Atmospheres Regulations 1996 (S. I. 1996/192), (ATEX Directive 94/9/EC, as amended 2001)	p. 18
Introduction	p. 18
The Essential Health and Safety Requirements (EHSRs)	p. 18
Equipment groups and categories	p. 19
Conformity assessment requirements	p. 20
Mechanical equipment	p. 21
Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations (PUWER) 1992	p. 22
Machinery Directive {[Supply of Machinery (Safety) Regulations] 1992, as amended 1994}	p. 23
Introduction	p. 23
Individual machines and safety components	p. 24
Assemblies of machines	p. 25
Machinery for incorporation	p. 26
Technical file	p. 27
Confidentiality	p. 30
Machinery modifications	p. 30
Documentation	p. 31
Summary of actions required by the regulations and amendments	p. 31
Machinery for process plant	p. 32
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Regulations 1992	p. 33
The Electrical Equipment (Safety) Regulations 1994	p. 34
Pressure Equipment Directive (PED)	p. 36
Introduction	p. 36
Harmonized standards	p. 37
The EHSRs	p. 38
Conformity assessment procedure	p. 39
Compliance with the EHSRs	p. 46
Simple Pressure Vessels Directive (SPVD)	p. 48
Pressure Systems Safety Regulations 2000 (PSSR)	p. 49
Control of Major Accident Hazards (COMAH) Regulations 1999	p. 49
Summary	p. 50
Example of a gas turbine enclosure	p. 50
Risk Assessment	p. 53
Introduction	p. 53
The information required	p. 54
Identification of hazards	p. 54
Machine hazard assessment	p. 55
Maintenance hazards	p. 55
Human interface hazards	p. 56
Process materials hazard assessment	p. 57
Transient and operating location hazards	p. 57
Risk assessment	p. 58
Acceptable risk--ALARP	p. 61
Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA)	p. 61
Hazard and operability (HAZOP) studies	p. 62
Summary	p. 63
Reliability Assessment	p. 65
Introduction	p. 65
Factors that affect the probability of failure	p. 66
Measures to reduce the risk of failure	p. 66
Reliability and failure probability	p. 67
Failure rate (failure frequency per unit time)	p. 67
Environmental and stress factors	p. 68
Probability of failure	p. 68
Reliability prediction	p. 69
Operational reliability	p. 70
Installed spare units (redundancy)	p. 70
Probability of failure on demand	p. 71
Common mode failure	p. 71
Fractional redundancy	p. 72
Control system reliability	p. 72
Fault-tree analysis (FTA)	p. 73
Factors affecting reliability assessment	p. 74
Reliability in design	p. 74
Reliability specification	p. 78
Model safety and reliability specification	p. 79
Summary	p. 80
Reliability analysis--an illustration	p. 81
The scenario	p. 81
References	p. 86
Control of Risks	p. 87
Introduction	p. 87
Responsibilities	p. 87
The client	p. 87
The designer	p. 87
Project responsibilities	p. 88
Safety planning supervisor	p. 88
Machine design responsibilities	p. 89
Safety or loss-prevention engineer	p. 89
The machine manufacturer	p. 89
The construction contractor	p. 90
The construction/commissioning engineer	p. 90
The site (plant) manager	p. 90
Classification of machines	p. 90
Significance of classification	p. 92
Machine verification	p. 92
Machine purpose and specification	p. 93
Machine operation and protection	p. 94
Machine maintenance and operation	p. 95
Hazard review	p. 97
Containment review	p. 97
Operations and Maintenance	p. 99
Introduction	p. 99
Handover	p. 99
Reliability-centred maintenance (RCM)	p. 100
Operations and maintenance	p. 101
Inspection	p. 103
System audits	p. 103
Management of change	p. 104
Modifications	p. 104
The assessment of change	p. 104
Compliance with requirements	p. 104
Approval of modifications	p. 105
Checks and reviews	p. 105
The EH&S assessment form	p. 105
Initialling and dating	p. 106
Recording of details	p. 106
Design standards	p. 106
Keep it Running	p. 107
Introduction	p. 107
Machine reliability	p. 108
Dependability management	p. 108
Process hazards	p. 109
Manufacturing hazards	p. 110
Compression machinery	p. 111
Centrifugal compressors	p. 112
Axial compressors	p. 118
Screw compressors	p. 119
Reciprocating compressors	p. 125
Centrifugal pumps	p. 137
Drivers	p. 144
The machinery train	p. 144
Special-purpose steam turbines	p. 145
General-purpose steam turbines	p. 153
Gas turbines	p. 154
Synchronous motors	p. 157
Diesel engines	p. 157
Summary	p. 158
References	p. 158
Keep it Safe	p. 161
Introduction	p. 161
Control and monitoring systems	p. 161
Instrument reliability	p. 161
Maintenance provisions	p. 164
Software development	p. 164
Pressure systems	p. 166
Introduction	p. 166
Over-pressure	p. 167
Materials failure	p. 167
Corrosion	p. 170
Corrosion protection	p. 175
Keeping it safe	p. 175
Introduction	p. 175
Failure statistics	p. 176
Risk assessment	p. 177
Risk-based inspection (RBI)	p. 178
A written scheme of examination	p. 180
Inspection requirements	p. 181
The management of RBI	p. 189
A warning note	p. 190
Summary	p. 191
References	p. 191
Epilogue	p. 193
Introduction	p. 193
An air compressor failure	p. 193
Gear failure	p. 193
The failure of a liquid oxygen pump to pump	p. 194
Failure to pump	p. 195
A problem of the twenty-first century	p. 195
Two-shift operations	p. 196
The investigation	p. 196
Investigation results	p. 198
Summary	p. 199
References	p. 202
Bibliography	p. 203
Directory	p. 207
Glossary	p. 217
Materials safety data sheet--some common hazards	p. 221
Machinery Directive--checklist for process machinery	p. 229
Documentation relating to a fire-water pump	p. 239
Index	p. 277
Table of Contents provided by Rittenhouse. All Rights Reserved.

What is included with this book?

The New copy of this book will include any supplemental materials advertised. Please check the title of the book to determine if it should include any access cards, study guides, lab manuals, CDs, etc.

The Used, Rental and eBook copies of this book are not guaranteed to include any supplemental materials. Typically, only the book itself is included. This is true even if the title states it includes any access cards, study guides, lab manuals, CDs, etc.